• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.91-115
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• 2004

The main purpose of this study is to analyze the cooperative squid fisheries problems surrounding the $E128^{\circ}$, established by the 1965 Korea - Japan Fisheries Agreement which banned Korean large trawlers' fishing east to the $E128^{\circ}$ In fact, the moratorium was put on by Japans request. However, such issue did not occur until the filefish stock in the southern Korean sea, which was a major target fish species of the large trawl fisheries, The filefish stock collapsed completely around 1991 and at the same time most of bottom fish stocks in the East China Sea began to show a symptom of over - exploitation. Thus, the off - shore large trawlers learned to have a little opportunity of finding out alternative fish stocks as well as fishing grounds. Fortunately, at that time squid resource stock and consumption were on the increasing trend. The large trawl fisheries were able to economically exploit squid stock east to the $E128^{\circ}$ through cooperative fishing with squid angling light boats in the East and East - South Sea, even though such cooperative fishing activities violate the existing fishery laws apparently. Some important reasons that the large trawlers have continued the cooperative fishing seem to be because (ⅰ) squid resource stock has been on the increasing state over time, (ⅱ) the trawl fisheries have made a significant contribution to meeting domestic and export demands and stabilizing squid prices, and (ⅲ) they have kept domestic squid market from foreign competition. However, the new Korea - Japan fisheries agreement in 1998 provided a momentum of questioning the effectiveness of the $E128^{\circ}$ by the squid - related fisheries other than the squid angling. Serious conflicts between squid - related fisheries began to emerge and to be much intensified. Squid angling industries in the East opposed to large trawlers's efforts to formalize such illegal cooperative squid fishing activities. Their main argument was that such formalizing would definitely make the East coast squid prices lower and in turn their business performance would be worse off. The results of quantitative analysis suggest that the trawlers' massive landing may have a significant influence on lowering the east coast squid prices. Now, an important issue that the squid - related fisheries and the government are facing is to solve such complex squid fishing problems through a multi - participatory negotiation process, including price stabilization, total allowable catch level and its operation schemes, $E128^{\circ}$ rearrangement, and so on.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.115-125
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• 2002

This study is a investigation research to examine total 123 children's thought, perception and coping method about measles, with 62 children who had experienced the measles and 61 good health children in the school, which had spread to a primary school in kyoungsang-bukdo province. The data collection was done from December 6 to December 8. The analysis of data was SPSS(10.0) for descriptive statistics. The data were collected from total 123 children, 62 of them who had diagnosed measles on October, 2000, when the measles had ended, were used a purposive sampling, the others who had a good health were used a convenience sampling. From three to six grade students made out directly the questionaire in the way of self-questionaire, and from one to two grade students, made out answering the question which the researcher had read the items. The researchers call back the students to complement the contents about the items inadequate answers, so they raised the reliability. The results were as follows. 1. The results of observe carefully the measles infection degree by a sex, the boys(27.4%) were sick severely compared with girls(9.7%)were sick weakly compared with the boys(27.4%)(p〈0.01). 2. The 62.9 percents of infected children by measles thought that they were infected at school, regarded the doctors as a first judge, and had caught the measles because of their fault. The results of observe carefully, 33.8 percents children of infected by measles had have a secondary vaccination. To the question whether they go to institute or not while suffering from the measles, 35.5% children didn't go there since they had heard the fact they infected the measles. 3. To a question of asking if close mend caught the measles, what will they do, 65.1% children of caught the measles answer ‘I can't meet my friend'(p〈0.001). It was significant that infected children have more interests than didn't infected children. The 22% children of didn't catch the measles take great interested in health compare with the 12.2% children of infected the measles(p〈0.05). To the question if they listen the preservation of health broadcasting, 63.4% children answer ‘I listen well’. It was significant between the infected group and didn't infect group(p〈0.05). To the question if they delivery to the written information at home, it was significant between the infected group and didn't infect group(p〈0.05). 4. The infected group of 69.1% children think the health is most important in their life school than any other they like study.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.21 no.3 s.61
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• pp.239-246
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• 2000

In this paper. we propose a semi-automatic segmentation algorithm to extract organ in 3D medical data by using a manually segmentation result in a sing1e slice. Generally region glowing based tracking method consists of 3 steps object projection. seed extraction and boundary decision by region growing. But because the boundary between organs in medical data is vague, improper seeds make the boundary dig into the organ or extend to the false region. In the proposed algorithm seeds are carefully extracted to find suitable boundaries between organs after region growing. And the jagged boundary at low gradient region after region growing is corrected by post-processing using Fourier descriptor. Also two-path tracking make it possible to catch up newly appeared areas. The proposed algorithm provides satisfactory results in segmenting 1 mm distance kidneys from X-rav CT body image set of 82 slices.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.627-653
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• 2006

The purpose of this study lies in understanding how the spectrum assigned for each mobile operator affects the consumers of mobile service. For this purpose, we have observed the change of path coefficient in the structural equation, using control variables. However, the structure of the mobile service market in Korea has become fixed. Considering this tendency and the conclusion of this study, the 'lock-in effect' occurs seriously in the mobile service market in Korea. It can be explained by the fact that CS(Customer Satisfaction) of the cellular subscribers little affects customer loyalty but the market dominance of the cellular service in the actual market has continued for a long time. In this study, we figured out a strong prejudice about call quality, which is caused by spectrum difference among competitors. Cellular subscribers tends to believe that call quality of their cellular service is better than that of PCS. In addition, we found that PCS operators can catch customer's retention by investment into network in order to increase call quality.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.422-430
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• 2016

We investigated the abundance and composition of the zooplankton community around Dokdo in the East Sea from 2006 to 2015. Zooplankton samples were collected in the surface mixed layer by vertical hauls using a standard type net at the monitoring stations. There were no clear long-term trends in the average temperature and salinity, but relatively low salinity was recorded in the summer of 2013 and 2015. The average abundances of zooplankton in the summer increased by two orders of magnitude from $317inds./m^3$ in 2008 to $10,242inds./m^3$ in 2015. This long-term increase was accompanied by a slight increase in the chlorophyll-a concentration and a decrease in the catch of potential crucial predators (anchovy, mackerel pike, squid, herring and horse mackerel) in the study area. The dominant zooplankton, accounting for most of the long-term increase, consisted of appendicularian (Oikopleura spp.), which showed a steady increase since 2012, summer species such as Noctiluca scintillans and the cladoceran Penilia avirostris, which showed an abrupt increase, and the copepod Paracalanus parvus s.l., which showed a rapid increase after its first occurrence in summer 2010. These results suggest that the long-term increase of zooplankton could be related to the increase in the concentration of prey and the decrease in the predation pressure of potential predators around Dokdo in the study area.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.142
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• pp.75-97
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• 2017

This study purpose is to discuss critically the conception of history in Hegel and Marx by drawing on Merleau-Ponty's existential theory of history, finishing with concluding remarks. Merleau-Ponty insists that history is always history experienced. This thesis is his own principle in investigating human history. From this perspective, he begins to flesh out problems with history which Hegel and Marx had understood idealistically and materialistically respectively. He criticised that if Hegel grasps history in terms of teleology, he failed to explain the source and origin of historical meaning from which history makes sense. He failed to think that what gives history meaning comes from embodied consciousness. This means that history is not made of dialectical thinking. The thing is different from such an imaginative construal. History as it stands is not like that. It is not running around like Hegelian dialectical thinking. Marx understood historical behavior wrongly when he explained class struggle in terms of productive relations. He disregarded how class was sedimented or embodied in the minds of proletarians. Owing to this, Marx could not suppose that class consciousness is determined not causally or externally but by incarnated experience. It is affected in so far as it is affected by somebody, that is, the worker. At that moment only Class consciousness begins to work. Marx did not catch sight of this hidden fact.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.31-52
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• 1998

In this paper, we analyzed the relationships between the fishing ground formation and the sea condition information, surface, mid and bottom layer temperature that is necessary for fishing point selection of angling to catch squid in the East Sea. There was a little differences between temperature measured by every fishing boat on fishing operating and prompt reports of fishing and sea condition about fishing ground formation of angling. And then the result examined by using SST that is a important information of sea condition for the fishing position selection follows as ; We knew, even if the differencs of sea condition each year, SST with a lot of fishing boats was generally within the extnet of $2^{\circ}C$. But the result examined by the limit time about the temperature of mid and bottom layer for the groups of fishing boats not to measure and for the near sea measurement to be done only within EEZ waters follows as ; About the temperature of 50m layer on early in June and July in operating waters of the group of fishing boats, the fishing ground was formed from $10^{\circ}C$ to $12^{\circ}C$ between warm waters and cold waters, afterwards we can seize that the fishing ground was moving to waters from $5^{\circ}C$ to $8^{\circ}C$ at near of polar front. In the coastal waters, we knew that fishing ground is formed to waters from $10^{\circ}C$ to $12^{\circ}C$ at the southern of polar front about the temperature of 50m layer.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.331-359
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• 2009

We forecast the performance of the Korean biotechnology industry by adopting similar development paths taken by the U.S. biotechnology and Korean ICT industries. Our long-term forecasting techniques predict that Korean BT market size will increase from 3.7 billion to 10.8 billion U.S. dollars by year 2030. The pharmaceutical industry, one of major bio-subindustries, is expected to dominate Korean BT market in the long-run. Also, the relative portion of the exports in the Korean BT industry will be larger and thus the export-oriented government policy is required for the long-run growth of the Korean BT industry. Since the Korean ICT industry has already slowed down in the development, Korean BT industry is likely to catch up with ICT industry in the near future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.198-205
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• 2019

The small yellow croaker (Larimichthys polyactis) is one of the representative high-class fish species in Korea. The catch of small yellow croaker in adjacent water fisheries has been continuously decreasing from 59,226 tons in 2011 to 19,271 tons in 2016. The small yellow croaker is caught by gillnet, stow net and bottom trawl, among which about 55~65% is caught by gillnet. For the sustainable use of small yellow croaker, the fishing power of small yellow croaker drift gillnet is very important. Therefore, the change of fishing power index were analyzed to identify the development of the vessel and gear technology that may have improved the fishing efficiency of the small yellow croaker drift gillnet fishery from 1960s to 2010s. Gross tonnage and horse power per fishing vessel was increased annually. The mesh size was 75.0 mm in the 1960s, but reduced to 60.6 mm in the 1980s and to 51.0 mm in the 2000s. In the 1960s, it was hauled out by manpower. However, the net hauler were modernized and supply rate was also increased since 1970. Due to the mechanization of the net hauler, the number (length) of used net gradually increased from 1.5 km in the 1960s to 7.5 km in the mid-1980s and to 15 km in 2010. Colour fish finders and positioning system were introduced and utilized from the mid-1980s. Surveys on the supply and upgrading of fishing equipment utilized visiting research. Therefore, the relative fishing power index in the small yellow croaker drift gillnet fishery increased from 1.0 in 1980 to 0.8 in 1970, to 1.1 in 1990, to 1.6 in 2000 and to 1.9 in 2010. The results are expected to contribute to reasonable fisheries stock management of the small yellow croaker drift gillnet fishery.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.3-15
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• 2022

Daycare center is an important space for children's mental, physical and social development. Each space of daycare center should be designed and constructed considering interests of end-users such as children and teachers. However, insufficient related guidelines and standardized design and construction of daycare center to moderate potential risks of each space. This arises from the difference in perception of each space between end-users (head and sub teachers) and construction experts (designers and contractors). Therefore, research framework was developed for analyzing the factors of perception differences of each space in daycare center between these groups applied traditional and modified Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA). By comparing risk perception between end-users and experts in two methods, it can be support as construction guide for daycare center in the future and will help minimize conflicts in construction among stakeholders. Moreover, it was found that traditional IPA is comfortable to catch prior project perception of participants, and revised IPA is considered to judge outputs by identifying participant's importance based on the satisfaction of the project performance. Therefore, if IPAs are applied according to the characteristics of the circumstances, it is possible to analyze the perception difference between end-users and construction experts based on the context before and after the construction of the daycare center.