• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.144-151
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• 2012

A district heating system produces thermal energy and supplies it to a large region. District heating systems can provide higher efficiencies and better pollution control than localized boilers. The heat generated by a district heating system is distributed to the customer via a network of insulated pipes. For the optimal operation of a district heating system, it is important to predict the distributions of pressure, flow rate and temperature of heating fluid within the network of pipes at various operating conditions. In this work, a mathematical modeling was performed to predict the dynamic hydraulic-thermal behaviors of heating fluid in the network of pipes for a district heating system. The mathematical model accounts for the conservations of mass, momentum and energy. In order to verify the validity of modeling, the modeling results were compared with the monitoring data of Gang-nam Branch of District Heating.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.113-119
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• 2001

Experiments on the yield strength of pipe connectors made of metal wire, joint pins, pole pipes, multi span insertion joints, and T-clamp joints used in pipe houses were conducted. The strength of connections of a pipe connector made of metal wire was adequate but it had a big difference according to loading direction. Therefore as it is installed, its direction should be taken into consideration. The collapse load of pipes connected with a joint pin was lower than that of single pipes. In the part of frame member at which the great bending moment occurs, the use of joint pin should be avoided. Also experimental results showed that pole pipes for use in a part of frame buried under the ground were safe, and the strength of multi span insertion joints should be increased. The resistant moment of T-clamp was about 13.7% of a single pipe. In case that the external forces acting on left and right rafter are different. a unsymmetrical rotational force is produced at the multi span joint. If it is expected that the actual bending moment on the multi span joint is larger than resistant moment of T-clamp, a reinforcement to safely resist the rotational force is required.

• Journal of Advanced Research in Ocean Engineering
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.158-168
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• 2016

During the installation of crude oil or gas pipelines, which pass through onshore buried pipelines or onshore pipeline from subsea pipeline to onshore plant, countermeasures need to be implemented so as to ensure a sufficient design life by protecting the steel pipes against corrosion. This can be achieved through impressed current cathodic protection method for onshore pipelines and through galvanic sacrificial anode corrosion protection method for offshore pipelines. In particular, in the case of impressed current cathodic protection, isolation joint flanges should be used. However, this makes maintenance control difficult with its installation having a negative impact on price. Therefore, in this study, the most suitable methodology for onshore pipeline protection between galvanic sacrificial anode corrosion protection and impressed current cathodic protection method will be introduced. In oil and gas transportation facilities, the media can be carried to the end users via onshore buried and/or offshore pipeline. It is imperative for the field operators, pipeline engineers, and designers to be corrosion conscious as the pipelines would undergo material degradations due to corrosion. The mitigation can be achieved with the introduction of an impressed current cathodic protection method for onshore buried pipelines and a galvanic sacrificial anode corrosion protection method for offshore pipelines. In the case of impressed current cathodic protection, isolation joint flanges should be used to discontinuity. However, this makes maintenance control to be difficult when its installation has a negative impact on the price. In this study, the most suitable corrosion protection technique between galvanic sacrificial anode corrosion protection and impressed current cathodic protection is introduced for (economic life of) onshore buried pipeline.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.51-57
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• 2013

Recently, improvement of materials and technologies for the manufacturing of gas pipe has it possible to reduce the buried depth. Compared to the criteria from advanced countries, Korea has conservative criteria for the buried depth of pipeline(about 50cm deeper). Therefore, this study investigated the effect of various buried depth(0.8m, 1.0m, 1.2m) on the stress and strain distribution of gas pipe. Numerical analysis and field tests were carried out with API 5L steel gas pipes. From the results, it can be suggested that the change of buried depth would not significantly affect the stress and strain distribution of gas pipe.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.143-154
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• 2016

This study investigated the occurrences, causes, and mitigation of the recent ground subsidence and underground cavity generation events in Korea. Two main causes of ground subsidence are (1) the soil erosion by seepage during tunneling and earth excavation and (2) the damage of underground pipes. The main cause of the soil erosion during tunneling was the uncontrolled groundwater flow. Especially, when excavating soft grounds using a tunnel boring machine (TBM), the ground near TBM operation halt points were found to be the most vulnerable to failure. The damage of underground pipes was mainly caused by poor construction, material deterioration, and differential settlement in soft soils. The ground subsidence during tunneling and earth excavation can be managed by monitoring the outflow of groundwater and eroded soils in construction sites. It is expected that the ground subsidence by the underground pipe damage can be managed or mitigated by life cycle analysis and maintenance of the buried pipes, and by controlling the earth pressure distribution or increasing the bearing capacity at the upper ground of the buried pipes.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.423-433
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• 2018

A three-dimensional model is constructed to simulate water infiltration in an unsaturated slope from a leaking pipe. Adaptive mesh refinement and time stepping are used, assisted by an automatic procedure for progressive steepening of the hydraulic property function for better convergence. The model is justified by comparing the simulated results with experimental data. Steady-state flow is investigated considering various pipe water pressures, locations and sizes of the opening, and soil layering. The opening size significantly affects the soaked zone around the pipe. Preferential flow dominates along the pipe longitudinal direction in the presence of a loose backfill around the pipe.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics D
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• v.36D no.3
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• pp.19-26
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• 1999

The detectability of pipes buried in dry sand is investigated by using the GPR with self-designed bow-tie antenna. The antennas are covered with shielding structures to reduce the direct-coupling between the transmitting and receiving antennas. The ringing, due to finite length of the antenna, is decreased by performing resistive termination at the ends of the antennas. It is shown that without additional signal processing, the presence of various buried targets can be found by discriminating hyperbolic pattern in B-scan data.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.673-675
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 매립 구간의 길이가 유도초음파 신호 강도에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 유도초음파 모드 해석을 통해 가진 모드와 주파수를 결정하였으며, 유도초음파의 가진 및 수진은 경사각 입사 방식의 Pitch-Catch 법을 이용하였다. 또한, 비 매립된 배관에서 유도초음파 신호를 획득하여, 이를 기준으로 매립된 배관에서 획득한 유도초음파 신호를 분석하였다. 실험 결과 매립 구간의 길이가 유도초음파의 신호 강도에 매우 큰 영향을 미칠 뿐만 아니라, 매립 구간의 길이와 신호 강도의 변화가 선형 비례적인 관계를 보이지 않는다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.89-90
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to clarify the difference between design and construction conditions based on theory for support (S) and infill (I) distinction and separation in long-life housing, and to search for future direction. To do this, the SI theory is summarized and the construction situation is examined in the demonstration house and the differences and limitations are analyzed. In order to realize SI separation in Korea, it is necessary to set the position of pipe shafts for sewage and drainage, buried in the structure and Ondol layer of the private pipes, buried various wires in the inner wall, and fixing the position of the inner wall.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.674-677
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 지반에 매립된 파이프에서 전파되는 유도초음파의 종파 모드 특성을 분석하였다. 지상 배관과는 달리 매립 배관에서는 주변 매질로 유도초음파의 누설이 발생할 수 있으며, 이로 인하여 유도초음파의 감쇠가 상대적으로 커질 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 유도초음파의 여러 특성들 중 종파 모드의 감쇠 특성을 중점적으로 분석하였다. 감쇠에 영향을 미치는 지반의 파동 특성(밀도, 체적종파속도, 체적횡파속도)을 결정하기 위하여 포화도와 다짐을 고려하였다. 포화도가 증가할수록 지반의 체적종파속도와 체적횡파속도는 감소하며, 다짐된 지반은 밀도와 체적종파속도, 체적횡파속도를 증가시킨다. 이와 같은 조건으로 결정된 지반의 파동 특성치와 배관의 물성치를 바탕으로 유도초음파 종파 모드의 감쇠 곡선을 계산하고, 특성을 분석하였다. 결과적으로 포화도가 증가할수록 종파 모드의 감쇠는 감소하는 경향을 나타내었고, 다짐이 증가할 경우 감쇠는 전반적으로 증가하는 경향을 나타냄을 알 수 있었다.