• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.264-272
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• 2007

연구 목적은 영유아의 구강위생관리방법을 개선하기 위한 것으로서, 시중의 영유아용 구강위생관리용품을 조사하여 분류하고 안전성에 대한 문헌고찰을 실시하였으며, 익산시내 영유아 보육자들 672명에게 구강위생관리용품의 사용경험을 포함한 구강위생관리방법에 대하여 조사하였다. 영유아용 구강위생관리용품은 구강 티슈, 손가락 칫솔, 성장단계별 칫솔, 전동칫솔, 어린이용 칫솔, 삼켜도 되는 영유아용 치약을 포함한 성장단계별 치약, 어린이용 불소치약 등이 있었다. 사용 경험은 구강티슈가 62.5%, 손가락 칫솔이 70.9%, 3단계 칫솔이 55.9%, 삼켜도 되는 영유아용 치약이 87.4%이었다. 이를 닦아주기 시작한 때는 이가 날 때부터와 생후 1년경이 79.0%, 생후 2년경과 3년경이 21.0%이었고, 이닦기 중 치약을 삼키는 비율은 48개월 미만에서 22%이었고 $48{\sim}59$개월에서는 9%, 60개월 아상에서는 3%로 감소하였다. 보육자가 어린이 이를 닦아주는 비율은 48개월 미만에서 52%, $48{\sim}59$개월에서는 42%이었고 60개월 이상에서는 26%이었다. 영유아기 구강위생관리의 기본 방법은 이닦기를 통해 치아표면의 치태를 제거하는 것이며, 이닦기의 주된 방법은 칫솔질이고 치약을 보조적으로 사용할 수 있다. 구강위생용품 사용시에는 질식, 삼킴, 목구멍 손상 등에 주의해야 한다. 일반적으로 3세 이전에는 불소치약의 사용이 권장되지 않으며, 사용시에는 최소량을 사용하고, 삼키지 않고 뱉도록 보호자가 지도 감독하여야한다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.670-684
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• 2009

Objectives : This research analyzed the general characteristics that closely affect the children's dental health and the mothers' dental health knowledge and dental health behavior to identify the correlation of the latter with the status of children's dental health in order to provide the basic data for the development of dental health business that would target children. Methods : Research subjects were selected arbitrarily from three nursery schools located in Busan metropolitan city, targeting 186 children between the ages of four to six and their mothers. The children were subjected to dental Inspection, and the status of their dental caries was studied whereas the mothers were subjected to the surveys on the general characteristics, dental health knowledge and dental health behavior. Results : 1. Level of mothers' dental health knowledge is higher when the mothers' educational level is higher(p=0.02) and when the household's monthly income is higher(p=0.009). 2. When the level of mothers' dental health knowledge is higher, children tended to brush their toothbrushing using proper method(p=0.025). Moreover, when the level of mothers' dental health knowledge is higher, they tended to take their children to dental clinic mostly for preventive measures than for treating cavity(p=0.023). 3. When the level of mothers' dental health knowledge is higher, children's dmft index was significantly low(p=0.02). When the mothers use fluoride-containing toothpaste, children's children' dmft index was even lower(p=0.02). 4. As the children tended to brush their teeth more often, dmft index was lower(p=0.003). When the reason that the children visited dental clinic was more to prevent, than to treat cavity, dmft index was even lower(p=0.000) Conclusions : When the above mentioned results are summarized, it is possible to know that the mothers' dental health knowledge and dental health behavior significantly affect children's dental health. Accordingly, it is necessary to develop maternal and child dental health program that factors in both the mothers and children in order to prevent children's dental caries and to increase their dental health, and continued care is required to discover and treat dental caries early on.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.344-356
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• 2009

To identify subjective health status of senior citizens' oral health following senior citizens' general characteristics and knowledge and behavior for the oral hygiene, this research conducted individual interview with 237 senior citizens in some parts of Seoul. The results are as follows. 1. Degree of senior citizens' knowledge on the oral hygiene is about Middle. Among the categories on the senior citizens' knowledge on the oral hygiene, teeth's brushing was the highest while knowledge on fluorine was the lowest. 2. Senior citizens who feel that their oral health is healthy when it comes to the subjective health state of senior citizens' oral health following behavior for the oral hygiene, brush their teeth, three times in a day, for more than three minutes (p<.01). Moreover, senior citizens who feel that their oral health is healthy brush different corners of the tongue when brushing (p<.01). 3. In case of knowledge on the oral hygiene following general characteristics, knowledge on the oral hygiene was higher when economic status was higher (p<.01). In case of living expenses, knowledge on the oral hygiene was higher for the senior citizens with pay or income (p<.01). 4. In case of behavior for the oral hygiene, women tended to act for the oral hygiene more than men. As for the method for raising living expenses, senior citizens who receive basic social security check or those at the highest tier tended to act less for the oral hygiene (p<.01). 5. Senior citizens who answered that their oral health is healthy when it comes to the subjective health state of senior citizens' oral cavity tended to have high knowledge on the oral hygiene (p<.01). In conclusion, subjective health status of senior citizens' oral health is higher when the knowledge on the oral hygiene and behavior for the oral hygiene are higher. Accordingly, it is necessary to develop and execute oral hygiene training program to change senior citizens' behavior incrementally and the dental hygienists who can conduct this training should be actively attracted into the senior citizens' oral hygiene training.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.53-60
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• 1999

현재 많은 사람들이 3D Software를 사용하고, 배우고 있으나, 이를 도구의 개념으로 사용하기보다는 이미지 창출하는 도구로 사용하고 있는 실정이다. 이러할 경우 3D Software의 변화는 사용자에게 심각한 문제로 대두되어질 것이다. 이는 대부분의 경우에 있어서 3D 전반에 대한 이해 부족 그리고 사용자가 3D Software에 대하여 일종의 환상을 가지고 그것의 기능에만 열중한 결과라고 할 수 있겠다. 이는 대부분의 대학의 교육에서도 상아탑의 본질이 3D Software의 기능만을 가르치는 기능인 양성소의 장으로 변질 되어가고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 이러한 폐단을 막기 위해서 가상세계라고 불리는 3D를 현실세계와의 비교에 의한 개념 즉 어떻게 인간이 세상을 각인하고 있는가를 토대로 일반적인 3D Software의 구성도를 설명 하고자 한다. 이러한 기본적인 설명과 이해가 뒷바침된 후, 3D Software에 대한 기능 설명이 점진적으로 구체화되어진다면, 3D Software에 대한 사용자들의 이해가 더욱 더 빨라질 것이며, 처음 대하는 사용자라고 할지라도 그리 어렵게 접근하지 않을 것이며, 대학의 교육은 더 이상 3D Software만을 가르치는 교육의 장이 아니라 원래의 모습으로 그 기능을 다할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.228-235
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 식품 제조시설 및 조리도구의 표면을 대상으로 식품알레르겐인 땅콩을 제거하기 위해 다양한 습식세척법을 평가하였다. 습식세척은 식품알레르겐 또는 잔류물질을 세척하는데 매우 효과적인 방법이며 식품 시설 또는 접촉 표면으로 사용되는 스테인리스, 나무, 플라스틱에 대해 온수로 5분간 불림 후 세척솔과 세척용제를 이용한 세척효과는 스테인리스> 유리> 플라스틱> 나무 순으로 확인되었다. 접촉 표면이 거친 나무는 끼임 등에 의해 세척효과가 낮게 나타났으며 표면의 세척효과를 높이기 위해 온수(50℃±2)로 5분간 불림 후 세척솔과 차아염소산 나트륨으로 세척하였을 때 나무표면으로부터 땅콩 알레르겐 제거에 효과가 큰 것으로 확인되었다. 식품 제조시설 및 조리도구의 표면에 따라 땅콩 알레르겐 세척효과는 달리 확인되어 본 연구에 사용된 재질과 세척용제 이외에 대해서도 추가의 연구는 필요하다. 식품안전현대화법에서 식품알레르기 표시 제도 및 식품알레르기 교차오염 예방 등에 관한 관리가 요구되고 있는 상황에서 식품 제조시설 및 조리도구 표면에 존재하는 식품알레르겐에 의한 교차오염의 예방과 관리는 필요할 것으로 생각된다. 본 연구 결과는 일반적인 세척 후에도 제조시설 및 도구의 표면에 땅콩 알레르겐의 잔류가능성을 제시하였고, 식품제조시설에서 취급하고 있는 땅콩 알레르겐의 세척 및 저감과 적절한 재질의 시설 및 도구 선정에 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국건강관리협회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.93-104
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• 2004

Purpose : This study was conducted to understand the health status and health behaviors of preschoolers to provide baseline data for developing health promotion programs. Method 'Parents of children attending day-care centers and guardians of preschoolers were recruited for the study. Data were collected from June to August2002 using a structured questionnaire. Result . Among 754 preschoolers, 17,3% were overweight, while 18.2% were underweight, while 15.9% and 23.2% were overweight and underweight respectively, among 85 children living with guardians. The most frequent infectious diseases that children have had previously were hand-foot-mouth disease, chicken pox, and measles. Current health conditions that children have frequently are respiratory disease and atopic dermatitis for bother groups. Only 54%-61% brush their teeth everyday at bedtime, 49%-54% wash their hands every time after returning home, 4.5%-8.8%wear bicycle helmets, 9,3%-11.1% use a child car seat, and 3.5%-8.1% eat fruits and vegetables five times a day, Children living with guardians were less likely toper form positive health behaviors compared with children in day-care centers. Conclusion 'Based on the study results, health professionals could plan and develop health promotion programs to change unhealthy behaviors of preschoolers targeting high-risk groups.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.87-98
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• 2007

Background: Health promotion services should be provided based on clients' health promotion needs. To provide health promotion services for elementary students in Korea, health promotion needs by geographical regions should be analyzed. Purpose: To analyze elementary students' health behaviors by regions. Method: Elementary students of 4018 from large cities, 1636 from medium sized cities, 328 from rural areas were included. Data collection was done using items from National Health and Nutrition Survey and was collected by mail from schools. For data analysis, Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression were utilized. Result: From comparison of health behaviors, there were no significant differences between large cities and medium sized cities. However, there were significant differences between urban students and rural students in terms of fast food intake, breakfast, soft drink intake, sleeping hours, tooth brush, and obesity. Conclusion: Health promotion services, especially correcting unhealthy eating behaviors for rural elementary students should be focused.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제28권9호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2014

Brushless Direct Current(BLDC) Motor is essential to measure a rotor position because of that this motor type needs to synchronize the rotor's position and changeover phase current instead of a brush and commutator used on the existing dc motor. Recently, many researches have studied on sensorless control drive for BLDC motor. The conventional control methods are a compensation value dq, Kalman filter, Fuzzy logic, Neurons neural network, and the like. These methods has difficulties of detecting BEMF accurately at low speed because of low BEMF voltage and switching noise. And also, the operation is long and complex. So, it is required a high-performance microprocessor. Therefore, it is not suitable for a small BLDC motor sensorless drive. This paper presents control methods suitable for economic small BLDC motor sensorless drive which are an improved design of the BEMF detection circuit, simplifying a complex algorithm and computation time reduction. The improved motor sensorless drive is verified stability and validity through being designed, manufactured and analyzed.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기물성ㆍ응용부문C
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.39-45
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• 2002

To determine the representative pollution degree of outdoor insulators during the drought season, we should make an investigation on the long-term accumulation characteristics of contaminants. As the contamination mechanism of outdoor insulator is extremely depend on the climatic condition, there is a large difference between the research result of Japanese utilities. So based on the difference of precipitation of the Korea and Japan, we could say that the accumulation characteristics of the countries have a significant difference. But, based on the result of Japan, the accumulation property of contaminants was ignored in KEPCO\`s specification. So, to determine the accumulation characteristics of Korea, we measured the 2 and 3 month ESDD with brush wiping method and make a statistical analysis on measured data. And, from the results, we understood the accumulation characteristics of Korea and the influence of topographical condition on the distribution characteristics of salt contaminants. coast.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.433-439
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• 2004

Hanji costumes has four aspects that allow the creator or artist to create many variations. The pictorial effects of Hanji costumes are produced through variations in the dyes and brushes used for its application. The amount of water and texture of the Hanji mixture also influences the Hanji clothing. This effect was expressed using a dry brush technique, a dripping technique, India inks, and fragments from other Hanji works. A second aspect of Hanji clothing is the coloring effect in the Hanji costumes. The coloring is due to the fibers in the preparation mixture and the uniqueness of the dyes. The Hanji clothing was dyed various colors and patterns by dip dyeing, block dyeing, silk screens, digital printing. The third aspect of Hanji imagination in clothing is the decorative details. The details in Hanji clothing can be seen using frills, pleats, tucks and ribbons. The last variation of Hanji clothing can be expressed through crafting techniques. These techniques are the quality of paper string, cuts in the paper and paste ingredients. With Hanji cloth, it is possible to plait, roll, and crample into other flexible & useful materials.