• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.450-454
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• 1998

Four groups each containing 48 seven-day-old broiler chicks were reared for 7 weeks during winter on rice husk litter spread to depths of 20, 30, 40 or 50 mm. Broiler performance was evaluated in terms of weight gain, feed consumption, feed efficiency and production number. Litter dampness was determined and coccidial oocyst populations were counted at different weeks of age. The depth of litter did not significantly affect live weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio, liveability or production number. Variation in moisture contents of litter was observed but the coccidial oocysts count per gramme of litter was within the safety level and therefore, there was no outbreak of coccidiosis in any group. Use of rice husk litter at different depths (20 to 50 mm) did not cause any breast blisters or leg abnormalities. It was concluded that rice husk can be used as litter at depths of between 20 and 50 mm during winter to raise broilers without affecting performance characteristics and health of birds.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2022

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary inclusion of phytase on the growth performance, organ weight, and tibia ash of broilers. A total of 1008 one-day-old Ross 308 broiler chicks (mixed gender) with body weight 42 ± 0.90 g (mean ± SD) were used in a trial for 32 d. Chicks were assigned to one of the two treatment diets. Each treatment consisted of 28 replicate cages, with 18 birds per cage. The dietary treatments were as follows: CON, basal diet; TRT1, basal diet + phytase 1,500 Fan Terminal Unit (FTU)/kg diet. Dietary inclusion of 1,500 FTU/kg phytase supplementation in broilers showed only slight improvements in daily feed intake (P=0.086) and feed conversion ratio (P=0.065) on day 9 compared with that in the control group. However, organ weights of the breast muscle, liver, spleen, kidney, and bursa of Fabricius were not affected by the dietary treatments. In addition, the dietary inclusion of 1,500 FTU/kg phytase supplementation in the broiler diet had no effect on tibia ash. The addition of 1,500 FTU/kg phytase in the basal diet of broilers did not have any adverse effect on growth performance, organ weight, and tibia ash, suggesting that phytase supplementation in broiler diets will exhibit comparable effects as that of corn-soybean meal-based diet.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.83-94
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• 1992

The influences of dietary aflatoxin B1 on performance, on hematologic, pathologic and immunologic changes in broiler chickens were studied. One hundred and fifty hatched broiler chickens were fed with diet containing aflatoxin B1 (1.0 ppm and 2.5 ppm) fot three weeks. Blood samples, serum, and immune organs were obtained to investigate hematological, clinico-chemical, and histopathologial changes. Body weight gain and feed intake were significantly decreased. The liver and kidney were increased, whereas the bursa of Fabricius, spleen and thymus were decreased.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.51-56
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• 1999

This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of dietary red pepper seed oil meal (RPSOM) on the performance and the fat pad content in broiler chicks. feeding trial was conducted with 360 birds broiler chicks for 8 weeks. The levels of dietary RPSOM were 0, 5, 10 and 15% and mixed in diet consisting of corn and soybean meal. Body weight, feed intake, feed conversion and mixed in diet consisting of corn and soybean meal. Body weight, feed intake, feed conversion and viability were not significantly different among treatments. The percentage of abdominal fat and skin color were not significantly differents among treatments. The results of the feeding trial show that RPSOM can be used within 10% in broiler diet.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.85-91
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• 2010

The large amount of tissue culture medium (TCM), which contains some of the active secretory components of Korean wild ginseng (KWG; Panax ginseng) such as saponins, is usually discarded after harvest of KWG. The present study was aimed to investigate the efficacy of oral administration of the TCM-KWG on growth performance and diseases resistance in broiler chickens. A day old broiler chickens randomized in 6 groups (n = 60/groups) were administered orally with 0, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 mL/L TCMKWG through drinking water for 5 weeks and examined the change of weight gain, feed intake and blood components. Also, five weeks old broiler chickens (n = 15/groups) were challenged orally with Salmonella (S.) gallinarum and investigated the mortality in broiler chickens. An average weight gain and feed intake significantly didn't change in TCM-KWG administration groups as compared to control group. The concentration of calcium (Ca), phosphate (Pi) and potassium (K) in serum were increase by TCM-KWG administration in broiler chickens. We also found that oral administration of TCM-KWG through drinking water significantly reduced the mortality in broiler chickens experimentally infected with virulent S. gallinarum. The results of this study indicated that TCM-KWG administration may elevate the resistance on disease and improved the skeleton formation and body homeostasis of chickens, and TCM-KWG can be used as a cost-effective and environmentally alternative additives to control of the disease and growth.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.67-72
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• 1997

In order to investigate the effect of feeding live yeast (Sacckaromyces cerevisiae) on the growth performance and changes of intestinal microorganism (E. coli), a growth assay was conducted with 144 broiler chicks. Treatments were consisted of corn-soybean meal control, 0.05% live yeast, and 0.05% dead yeast. Most of the chick protein of the live yeast was in the pure protein form, and had a high amino acid composition with 47% of essential amino acids and 53% of non-essential amino acids. No differences in growth performance were shown among dietany treatments. Total number of E. coli in the small intestine of chicks fed either live or dead yeast was significantly reduced compared to chicks fed the control diet. Although the changes of E. coli in the cecum were not identical to differences in the small intestine, the changes of E. coli in the cecurn had a similar trend.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.91-95
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• 1992

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of broilers and layers fed locally produced fish waste meal (LFWM) in Western Samoa. LFWM, which was produced by mincing and oven drying of rejects from filleted fish, was included in both broiler and layer diets at the complete expense of imported meat and bone meal (MBM). The experiments were of a completely randomised design. In experiment 1, 120 day-old Strabro broiler chicks were raised to 49 days of ages. In experiment 2, 80 Shaver 288 pullets, 20 weeks of age, were housed in pairs in cages and raised up to 72 weeks of age. There were no differences (p > 0.05) in performance of broilers as measured in terms of final bodyweights, feed intake, feed efficiency and carcass yield between the two diets. Similarly, no differences (p > 0.05) existed in egg production, egg weight and feed required per kilogramme of eggs. It is concluded that LFWM is nutritionally as good as imported MBM and could be used to completely replace MBM in broiler and layer diets.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.159-167
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• 2017

The microbial community is known to have a key role during the rearing period of broilers. In this study, gut microbial composition and diversity were examined to evaluate the relationships between these factors and broiler growth performance. By applying 454-pyrosequencing of the V1-V3 regions of bacterial 16S rRNA genes, six fecal samples from four- and 28-day-old chickens from three broiler farms and 24 intestinal samples of broilers with heavy and light body weights were analyzed. Microbial composition assessment revealed Firmicutes to be the most prevalent phylum at farm A, while Proteobacteria were predominant at farms B and C. Fecal microbial richness and diversity indices gradually increased from four to 28 days at all three farms. Microbial diversity assessment revealed that small intestine microbial diversity was lower in heavy birds than in light birds. In light birds, the Firmicutes proportion was lower than that in heavy birds. In conclusion, each broiler farm revealed a specific microbial profile which varied with the age of the birds. The microbial communities appeared to affect growth performance; therefore, gut microbial profiles can be utilized to monitor growth performance at broiler farms.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권10호
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• pp.1348-1353
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• 2010

A grower broiler experiment (from 14 to 35 days of age) was conducted to study the effect of using two commercial mixtures of organic acids (Galliacid$^{(R)}$ and Biacid$^{(R)}$) to substitute antibiotic growth promoter (Eneramycin$^{(R)}$) on performance, carcass characteristics and intestinal microflora. 400 (Ross 308) broiler chicks were used. A basal corn-soybean meal diet were formulated and served as a control treatment. The control diet was supplemented with either 0.06% Galliacid, 0.1% Biacid or 0.02% Eneramycin. Birds fed the Galliacid-supplemented diet had 16% (p<0.001) more gain than the control, while those fed the Biacid- or Enramycinsupplemented diets recorded 3 and 5.5% more gain, respectively. Organic acids mixtures and Enramycin supplementation significantly (p<0.001) improved feed conversion ratio. These results indicated that birds fed either organic acid mixtures or Enramycinsupplemented diets utilized feed more efficiently than those fed the control diet. Galliacid significantly (p<0.01) increased dressing percentage and bursa weight (% body weight). No significant differences were detected on liver, spleen and thymus (% body weight) among treatments. Galliacid or Biacid significantly (p<0.001) decreased intestinal Escherichia coli and Salmonella compared to the control and Enramycin-supplemented diets. Dietary Enramycin significantly (p<0.001) decreased Escherichia coli, but had no effect on Salmonella counts. In conclusion, organic acid mixtures are more efficient than antibiotic growth promoter (Enramycin) in improving broiler performance and decreasing intestinal Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp., and could be successfully used to substitute antibiotic growth promoters in broiler diets. However, not all of the organic acid mixtures gave the same effect either on performance or intestinal bacterial counts.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권12호
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• pp.1729-1735
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• 2011

The effect of flaxseed meal on broiler performance, carcass characteristics, alpha-linolenic acid contents, and organoleptic characteristics of chicken meat was studied during a 42 day experiment. Broiler chicks were randomly allotted to 4 experimental groups and fed iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets containing flaxseed meal at 0, 5, 10 and 15%. Flaxseed meal did not affect the weekly body weight of broiler chicks during the first two weeks but thereafter weekly body weight reduced among flaxseed meal groups. At the end of $6^{th}$ week, birds fed on 15% flaxseed meal showed a reduction of 8% in body weight compared to the control group. Control group had significantly higher weight gain with slightly higher feed consumption and better feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), and energy efficiency ratio (EER) than the flaxseed meal groups. Among the treatments, birds of 5 and 10% flaxseed meal groups had significantly better FCR, PER and EER compared to those of the 15% flaxseed meal group. The carcass characteristics data indicated a significant reduction in the eviscerated weight and breast yield at 15% flaxseed meal in the diet as compared to other dietary groups. However, the alpha-linolenic acid content in both breast and thigh meat was higher with an increasing level of flaxseed meal in the diets without affecting the sensory acceptability of meat. Based on the present study, up to 10% of flaxseed meal may be used in broiler diet to enhance the alpha-linolenic acid content in the broiler meat.