• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
• /
• v.48 no.4
• /
• pp.681-691
• /
• 2021

The estimated breeding value (EBV) and accuracy of Hanwoo steer (Korean cattle) is an indicator that can predict the slaughter time in the future and carcass performance outcomes. Recently, studies using pedigrees and genotypes are being actively conducted to improve the accuracy of the EBV. In this study, the pedigree and genotype of 46 steers obtained from livestock farm A in Gyeongnam were used for a pedigree best linear unbiased prediction (PBLUP) and a genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP) to estimate and analyze the breeding value and accuracy of the carcass weight (CWT), eye muscle area (EMA), back-fat thickness (BFT), and marbling score (MS). PBLUP estimated the EBV and accuracy by constructing a numeric relationship matrix (NRM) from the 46 steers and reference population I (545,483 heads) with the pedigree and phenotype. GBLUP estimated genomic EBV (GEBV) and accuracy by constructing a genomic relationship matrix (GRM) from the 46 steers and reference population II (16,972 heads) with the genotype and phenotype. As a result, in the order of CWT, EMA, BFT, and MS, the accuracy levels of PBLUP were 0.531, 0.519, 0.524 and 0.530, while the accuracy outcomes of GBLUP were 0.799, 0.779, 0.768, and 0.810. The accuracy estimated by GBLUP was 50.1 - 53.1% higher than that estimated by PBLUP. GEBV estimated with the genotype is expected to show higher accuracy than the EBV calculated using only the pedigree and is thus expected to be used as basic data for genomic selection in the future.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
• /
• v.37 no.1
• /
• pp.10-15
• /
• 1995

Genetic characterization of Sri Lankan silkworm bivoltine population has not been at-tempted so far, since its sporadic introduction of bivoltine strains into the island, starting from the 1950's. Genetic structure of Sri Lankan population of mulberry silkworm Bombyx mori was investigated through estimation of general (GCA) and specific combining ability(SCA) and heritability(${h^2}_B$), on the economic quantitative characters from leading 8 inbreds and their 28 F1's in a half diallel cross, in an attempt to utilize the estimates in determination of future breeding methods and to predict the breeding value over the phenotypic value. It was found that the breeding population of the bivoltine silkworm in Sri Lanka has still maintained considerable amounts of additive gene action as well as nonadditive. For some time in the future, both breeding strategies of "selection without inbreeding" and also "inbreeding followed by crossing" should therefore be effective in genetic improvement of economic characters investigated. In addition, superior combiners in general and in specific F1′s were identified for each of 6 economic characters, to be immediately utilized in selection and also in cross breeding programs in Sri Lanka.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.19 no.10
• /
• pp.1404-1408
• /
• 2006

In order to investigate the genetic marker associated with economic performance in Hanwoo (Korean Brown Cattle), proteomic approach was used. Breeding values were estimated from performance tested steers. The top 20 and bottom 19 steers based on carcass weight (CW), eye muscle area (EMA), backfat thickness (BF) and marbling score (MS) evaluation for one progeny testing period was used. Meat samples dissected from longissimus dorsi muscles were taken from the slaughter house and analyzed for two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. A total of 102 significant spots out of total 146 on each gel were detected and compared with the reference gel (synthetic gel) to be evaluated. Four candidate spots for marbling score were identified: 205, 84, 204 and 198. The study confirmed the relationship between breeding values of economic traits of Hanwoo cattle and spot intensity.

• Animal Bioscience
• /
• v.36 no.9
• /
• pp.1327-1335
• /
• 2023

Objective: When evaluating individuals with the same parent and no phenotype by pedigree best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP), it is difficult to explain carcass grade difference and select individuals because they have the same value in pedigree BLUP (PBLUP). However, single step GBLUP (ssGBLUP), which can estimate the breeding value suitable for the individual by adding genotype, is more accurate than the existing method. Methods: The breeding value and accuracy were estimated with pedigree BLUP and ssGBLUP using pedigree and genotype of 408 Hanwoo cattle from 16 families with the same parent among siblings produced by fertilized egg transplantation. A total of 14,225 Hanwoo cattle with pedigree, genotype and phenotype were used as the reference population. PBLUP obtained estimated breeding value (EBV) using the pedigree of the test and reference populations, and ssGBLUP obtained genomic EBV (GEBV) after constructing and H-matrix by integrating the pedigree and genotype of the test and reference populations. Results: For all traits, the accuracy of GEBV using ssGBLUP is 0.18 to 0.20 higher than the accuracy of EBV obtained with PBLUP. Comparison of EBV and GEBV of individuals without phenotype, since the value of EBV is estimated based on expected values of alleles passed down from common ancestors. It does not take Mendelian sampling into consideration, so the EBV of all individuals within the same family is estimated to be the same value. However, GEBV makes estimating true kinship coefficient based on different genotypes of individuals possible, so GEBV that corresponds to each individual is estimated rather than a uniform GEBV for each individual. Conclusion: Since Hanwoo cows bred through embryo transfer have a high possibility of having the same parent, if ssGBLUP after adding genotype is used, estimating true kinship coefficient corresponding to each individual becomes possible, allowing for more accurate estimation of breeding value.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
• /
• v.41 no.1
• /
• pp.113-128
• /
• 2010

This study is aimed to analyze the economic feasibility of the selective breeding program on the Oliver flounder aquaculture. First of all, in order to evaluate this program, we review the concept and research trend on the selective breeding. The objective of this research is the selective breeding program on the Oliver flounder aquaculture in the Genetics and Breeding Research Center, NFRDI. It was conducted to investigated economic effects of three factors of the selective breeding program on the Oliver flounder aquaculture such as fast growth, disease resistance and increase exports. The results of economic analysis of the selective breeding program on the Oliver flounder aquaculture are as follows; First, there were the significant meaning of the economic effects on the technology of the selective breeding program by fast growth, disease resistance and increase exports. Second, we analyzed in the economic feasibility of the selective breeding program on the Oliver flounder aquaculture from 2004 to 2020, internal rate of return(IRR) was 419%, a benefit-cost ratio was shown to be 24.92, net present value(NPV) was 989,942,464 thousand won, which indicates the economic feasibility of the selective breeding program is very high. Finally, in order to improve the economic feasibility, there is need to be focused on the efficient the selective breeding program on the Oliver flounder aquaculture.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.19 no.12
• /
• pp.1696-1701
• /
• 2006

A random regression model was applied for the first time for the analysis of test day records and to study the genetic persistency of first lactation milk yield of Indian Murrah buffaloes. Wilmink's Function was chosen to describe the shape of lactation curves. Heritabilities of test day milk yield varied from 0.33 to 0.58 in different test days. The highest heritability was found in the initial test day ($5^{th}$ day) milk yield. Genetic correlations among test day milk yields were higher in the initial test day milk yield and decreased when the test day interval was increased. The magnitude of genetic correlations between test day and 305 day milk yield varied from 0.25 to 0.99. The genetic persistencies of first lactation milk yield were estimated based on daily breeding values using two methods. $P_1$ is the genetic persistency estimated as a summation of the deviation of estimated daily breeding value on days to attain peak yield from each day after days to attain peak yield to different lactation days. $P_2$ is the genetic persistency estimated as the additional genetic yield (gained or lost) from days to attain peak yield to estimated breeding value on different lactation days relative to an average buffalo having the same yield on days to attain peak yield. The mean genetic persistency on 90, 120, 180, 240, 278 and 305 days in milk was estimated as -4.23, -21.67, -101.67, -229.57, -330.06 and -388.64, respectively by $P_1$, whereas by $P_2$ on same days in milk were estimated as -3.96 (-0.32 kg), -23.94 (-0.87 kg), -112.81 (-1.96 kg), -245.83 (-2.81 kg), -350.04 (-3.28 kg) and -407.58 (-3.40 kg) respectively. Higher magnitude of rank correlations indicated that the ranking of buffaloes based on their genetic persistency in both methods were similar for evaluation of genetic persistency of buffaloes. Based on the estimated range of genetic persistency three types of genetic persistency were identified. Genetic correlations among genetic persistency in different days in milk and between genetic persistencies on the same day in milk were very high. The genetic correlations between genetic persistency for different days in milk and estimated breeding value for 305 DIM was increased from 90 DIM to 180 DIM, and highest around 240 DIM which indicates a minimum of 240 days as an optimum first lactation length might be required for genetic evaluation of Indian Murrah buffaloes.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• v.48 no.2
• /
• pp.143-150
• /
• 2006

The data were collected in the dairy herd improvement program from January 2000 to July 2005. Test data included 825,157 records of first parity and animals with both parents known were included. This study aimed to describe the effect of incomplete lactation records of latest generation to the change in sire's breeding value using Random Regression model (RRM) in genetic evaluation. Estimation of genetic parameter and breeding value for sire used REMLF90 and BLUPF90 program. The phenotypic value on the number of test day records between group TD11, TD8, TD5, TD2 showed no large differences. For all the group heritability of test day milk yield range from 0.30 to 0.36. However TD2 group showed low heritability the least test day recode on the latest generation. The correlation of above 50% between test day and TD11(0.610), TD8(0.616), TD5(0.661) and TD2(0.682) with different records in latest generation. Sire's rank of breeding value varied widely depending on the records on the number of lactation from start to the latest generation. Study showed that change in breeding value ranked if daughter's test recode more so it should have at least 5 test day records. The use of RRM in dairy cattle genetic evaluation would be desirable if complete lactation records for latest generation daughters of young bulls when selection for proven bulls. Random Regression model (RRM) require at least 5 test-day lactation recode.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.328-333
• /
• 2015

A genome wide association study was conducted using estimated breeding value (EBV) for milk production traits from 1st to 4th lactation. Significant single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were selected for each trait and the differences were compared by lactation. DNA samples were taken from 456 animals with EBV which are Holstein proven bulls whose semen is being sold or the daughters of old proven bulls whose semen is no longer being sold in Korea. High density genome wide SNP genotype was investigated and the significance of markers associated with traits was tested using the breeding value estimated by a multiple lactation model as a dependent variant. As the result of significance comparisons by lactations, several differences were found between the first lactation and subsequent lactations (from second to 4th lactation). A similar trend was noted in mean deviation and correlation of the estimated effects by lactation. Since there was a difference in the genes associated with EBV for each trait between first and subsequent lactations, a multi-lactation model in which lactation is considered as a different trait is genetically useful. Also, significant markers in all lactations and common markers for different traits were detected, which can be used as markers for quantitative trait loci exploration and marker assisted selection in milk production traits.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.18 no.9
• /
• pp.1225-1229
• /
• 2008

A total of 10 polymorphic microsatellite markers on bovine chromosome 5 were used for allelic association tests with phenotypic characteristics in Hanwoo. The data analyzed in this study were collected from 326 steers. Chi-square tests were performed to compare the frequencies of individual alleles between the high and the low breeding value groups. The following breeding values were analyzed for QTL effects. The frequency of allele 239 of DIK2828 showed a significant difference between the high and the low breeding value groups in the breeding value of marbling score (MSBV). The allele 279 of BMC1009 was found to show significant differences in allelic distribution for the breeding value of cold carcass weight (CWBV) and the breeding value of backfat thickness (BFBV) and allele 285 showed significant differences in allelic distribution for CWBV, BFBV, and MSBV. The allele 200 of DIK4329 showed significant differences in allelic distributions for the breeding values of longissimus muscle area (LMABV) and BFBV. In this study, we identified the QTL for carcass traits at around 20 (DIK2828), 41 (BMC1009) and 95 (DIK4329) cM in chromosome 5. The results provided a useful reference for further positional candidate gene research and marker-assisted selection for fat metabolism and carcass traits.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
• /
• v.42 no.1
• /
• pp.11-22
• /
• 2010

The population structure of a domesticated species is influenced by the natural history of the populations of its pre-domesticated ancestors, as well as by the breeding system and complexity of breeding practices implemented by humans. In the genetic and population structure analysis of 122 South Asia collections using 29 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, 362 alleles were detected, with an average of 12.5 per locus. The average expected heterozygosity and polymorphism information content (PIC) for each SSR locus were 0.74 and 0.72,respectively. The model-based structure analysis revealed the presence of three clusters with the 91.8% (shared > 75%) membership, with 8.2% showing admixture. The genetic distances of Clusters 1-3 were 0.55, 0.56, and 0.68, respectively. Polymorphic information content followed the same trend (Cluster 3 had the highest value and Cluster 1 had smallest value), with genetic distances for each cluster of 0.52, 0.52, and 0.65, respectively. This result could be used for supporting rice breeding programs in South Asia countries.