• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.397-406
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• 2009

A Study on the Development of Brassiere Pattern for Elderly Women The purpose of this study is to develop functional and sensible brassiere for elderly women. For this purpose, 6 elderly women(aged between 65 and 69) were sampled to be measured for their body sizes and tested for their bressiere wearing. he results were as follows; 1. In order to develop the basic patterns of elderly women's bressieres, 90B size was selected and then, their bressiere fitting was tested. The foundation pattern of the size 90A was proved for the body by the wearing tests. Each angle and length of the parts on the basic line of the breasts played an important role on setting the pattern. 2. As based on the body surface shell extracted from a plastic mold(photo.2), the cup of brassiere pattern were applied to the body surface shell(photo.4), and full side stretch-wings were applied to 13% reduced body size. The design pattern of elderly women's brassiers were characterized by a round wired as well as a full cup(3piece) embracing the entire breasts. 3. As the result of the wearing test, the excellence of the experimental brassiere was recognized objectively, with high marks in all the items(fig. 6). The experimental brassiere was covering the whole breasts to cope with change according to breasts loosing. It was designed to support the breasts firmly.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.780-793
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• 2011

This study investigates the breast cathexis and brassiere design preferences of Chinese citizens living in Hong Kong in order to provide marketing intelligence for bra manufacturers whose target customers are from this group of potential customers. A questionnaire composed of questions concerning breast shape evaluations, brassiere design preferences, and brassiere purchase and wear practices was administered to 165 Hong Kong Chinese female undergraduates(N=165). For an analysis of our data, we used the SPSS program(version 14.0). The results indicate that a majority of Hong Kong Chinese female undergraduates perceive their breasts as 'slightly smaller than normal' (n=59, 35.8%) or 'normal'(n=78, 47.3%) in volume, and 'conical'(n=77, 46.7%) or 'flat'(n=46, 27.9%). The results also suggest that Hong Kong Chinese women possess positive breast cathexis, with only a third of the respondents reporting dissatisfaction with their breasts. Women with dome-shaped breasts expressed the most positive breast cathexis, followed by those with cone-shaped breasts. The results also show that Hong Kong Chinese typically purchase 2 brassieres per year, which is a lower purchasing rate than their counterparts in Korea(Cha & Sohn, 2010) and Taiwan(ICT Life Style Research Center, 2004). The findings also demonstrate that the preferred brassiere color is black(57%), unlike in Korea, where women prefer skin-colored brassieres.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.28 no.12 s.138
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• pp.1596-1604
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• 2004

Quality Function Deployment(QFD) is a product development tool which ensures that the voice of the customer needs is heard and translated into products. To develop a sensible brassiere for middle-aged women QFD was adopted. In this study the applicability and usefulness of QFD was examined through the engineering design process for a sensible brassiere for middle-aged women. The customer needs for the wear comfort of brassiere was made by one-on-one survey of 100 women who aged 30-40. The customer competitive assessment was generated by wearing tests of 10 commercial brassieres. The subjective assessment was conducted in the enviornmental chamber that was controlled at $28{\pm}1^{\circ}C,\;65{\pm}3\%RH.$ As a results, we developed twenty-one customer needs and corresponding HOWs for the wear comfort of brassiere. The Customer Competitive Assessment was generated by wearing tests of commercial brassiere. The subjective measurement scale and dimension for the evaluation of sensible brassiere were extracted from factor analysis. Four factors were fitting, aesthetic property, pressure sensation, displacement of brassiere due to movement. The most critical design parameter was wire-related property and second one was stretchability of main material of brassiere. Also, wearing comfort of brassiere was affected by the interaction of initial stretchability of wing and support of strap. Engineering design process, QFD was applicable to the development of technical and aesthetic brassieres.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.480-487
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• 2019

This study used 3D technology to develop a multi-functional sports brassiere with increased comfort and fit that can be worn as a base layer during exercise or as underwear. A 75A size industrial lingerie figure was used to develop a standard pattern. 3D tools for scanning and pattern making, such as Vivid 910, Geomagic Design X, 2C-AN and Yuka CAD were used. The sports brassiere was designed as a tank top style with dual structure and linings attached to a pad utilized with a sport brassiere mold cup. 3D outer and lining's pattern was differently developed in consideration of the body's curvature with pad's shape and structure. Shoulder and neck part reduction rates were adjusted to increase the neck areas fit that considered the nude pattern's structure due to uncomfortableness felt by wearers who were uncomfortable with the neck areas fit on existing brand products. The reduction rate was also set differently on each part. For example, the reduction rate on outer side panel was set strongly to increase the breast's volume. Two products, developed by a 3D sports brassiere and previously released product, were worn on 8 subjects in their 20's to evaluate fit, comfort, and purchase preferences. The evaluation proved that newly developed 3D products were superior to comparative products. The results of the clothing pressure measurement indicate that the newly developed sports brassiere's front part had less pressure on upper bust and shoulder areas compared to comparative products as well as showed less pressure on the back side, which shows improved wearing comfort compared to comparative products.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.93-104
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• 2004

The research subjects of this study were 30 unmarried Korean women from 20 to 29 who had never had an operation on their breast. Measurement method using plaster breast mold was used for measuring their volume of breast. The correlation between their breast volume and the methods to set up brassiere cups with the existing method and with their circumference of breast was analyzed using KendalI's Coefficient. which was to figure out a method which had a bigger correlation with the volume of breast between the method to set up brassiere cups using the existing method and the method using the circumference of breast. The results analyzed showed that the coefficient of correlation between the existing method and the volume of breast was .12 and the significance level was .45. They didn't have any correlation. On the other hand. the coefficient of correlation between the circumference of breast and the volume of breast was .82. which was very high values and the significance level was very high .0001. Therefore. it turned out that it was difficult to set up brassiere cups by using the existing method and it was easier and more reliable to set up the cups by using the circumference of breast.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.560-575
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• 2015

This study developed brassieres using a suspension system with the elastic panel on the inside of the brassiere cup to replace the wires for 20s women with large and elongated breasts. The following results were obtained by analyzing clothing pressure and a subjective evaluation of brassieres with elastic panels at the bottom or side of the various reduction ratios and with the shoulder straps of the brassiere. Brassieres with dual panels (rather than with only the bottom panel) lowered clothing pressure as well as improved wearing comfort and function. Compared to brassieres with a panel of 10%, brassieres with a panel of 15% lowered clothing pressure and provided superior wearing comfort. In this case, the higher the reduction ratio of the side panels increased clothing pressure on the shoulder, but provided superior well-fit, bust-up, and vibration restraint. To reduce the reduction ratio of the side panel decreased clothing pressure on the shoulder and decreased support functions. Therefore, the reduction ratio of the side panels should be determined by preferable functions such as wearing comfort that depend on the needs of the wearer. It is suggested that a brassiere with a dual elastic panel can replace the brassiere wire.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.285-295
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• 2015

To identify optimized thermal properties of mold brassiere cup for improved thermal comfort during summer, we compared the thermal resistance and the water vapor permeability of Polyurethane (PU) foam, 3D spacer fabric and the two combined materials of the PU foam and the 3D spacer fabric. Four experimental mold brassieres were made of the materials for wearing test. Six women in their twenties evaluated the wearing sensation in the hot and humid environment. The changes in microclimate temperature and humidity while wearing test brassiere cups were measured. Results indicate that thermal resistance increased as more PU foam were combined, while the water vapor permeability was higher as the content of the 3D spacer fabric increased at thickness of 18mm and over. However, in the wear test, the PU foam brassiere was the most preferred in all ambient conditions due to its soft, flexible and smooth texture, despite its high thermal resistance and low water vapor permeability. This indicates that the textures of mold foams are more dominant properties than thermal properties for mold foams in determining the wear comfort of mold brassieres.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.1141-1153
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• 2017

The wearing of the correction bra is very important to stabilize the shape of an implant after breast enlargement surgery; however, the verification of the wearing effect is insufficient. This study surveyed women who experienced breast augmentation surgery, to investigate wearing condition and satisfaction with bras worn immediately after surgery and during the recovery period as well as to collect basic data for the development of an improved patient bra. The study results are as follows. More than half of the respondents stated that they wear a cupless brassiere. As a result of the satisfaction by brassiere types, the cupless bra showed the highest satisfaction. The most important factor in choosing a patient's bra after breast augmentation surgery was the "degree of breast compression". Through the application of the results of this study, the necessity of development of the brassiere for breast enlargement patients with improved function and comfort was understood. It is therefore necessary to improve the function of holding the shape of the breast and applying appropriate pressure as well as designing the ventilated material without skin irritation that is superior to the existing brassieres.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.119-129
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• 2003

This study was peformed to establish the standard size system to be required for the production of brassiere. The subject were 155 Korean twenties-aged women and were directly measured anthropometrically. From 27 measurements, 5 factors were extracted through factor analysis. The accumulative contribution ratio is 76.92％. Factor 1 indicates the degree of obesity around the chest, factor 2 is the drooping degree of breast, factor 3 is the contours and prominence, factor 4 is the breast breadth and breadth of bust point, factors 5 is the volume of breast. The subject were classified into 3 cluster as their breast types through cluster analysis. Type 1 is the closest to the ideal breast shape and not too droopy. This group belonged to 75A. Type 2 has small breast and belonged to 70AA group. Type 3 is the obesest and has the biggest and droopy breast. This group belonged to 75B. The distribution of size of brassiere had 3 sections from 70 to 80 showing a rate of 81.94% and the sin of the cup had 4 sections from AAA cup to B cup showing a rate of 89.70％. The production ratio of each brassiere size, it was found that the brassiere size of highest production ratio was 75A(16.39％) in type 1,70AA(16.27%) in type 2, and 75B(13.72％) in type 3. This suggests that it is necessary to adjust for the production rate of brassieres.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.204-214
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• 2019

A CAD program has recently been introduced that can be directly developed into a three-dimensional human body shape and made into a pattern. It is possible to fabricate a bra that reflects the volume and surface area of the breast; however, it still needs to be verified. This study investigates the average size and shape of 20 big-breasted women and designs a brassiere pattern for women with large breasts using a 3D Flattening function of OptiTex PDS v15.6. In addition, the study verifies the reliability of the proposed method compared to a conventional brassiere pattern. The study results are as follows. First, the three dimensional measurement values were smaller than the direct measurement dimensions when the three dimension measurement dimensions of the subjects were compared with the direct measurement dimensions, the replica measurement dimensions and the three dimensional measurement dimensions. Second, the 3D flattening pattern reflects the actual shape, length, and area of the actual breast when comparing a brassiere pattern using a 3D shape and pattern reflecting the direct measurement.