• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.369-381
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• 2011

Ginseng in Korea has not only the big production value but also till a good reputation from overseas in the name of 'Korea Ginseng'. Having spread rapidly nationwide from 2000 year, its production keeps on increasing but its consumption becomes lazy and its price is also falling down because of comsumer's concern about mainly overusing pesticide for ginseng. In order to cope with this problem, the government introduced the GAP certification system to ginseng in 2006 to reflect consumer's needs for food safety. This system will be a good opportunity to promote ginseng consumption dramatically. In this aspect it is very important to know how well this system is established and how ginseng farmers build marketing strategies to draw new wind in the market. This study was carried out to look over the GAP certified ginseng system and show its marketing strategies using 4P's(product, place, promotion and price). The main results are as follows. GAP ginseng system currently has some weaknesses such as lack of systematic certification management and after-service, nonrealistic certification fee and poor linkage from production to consumption. In the marketing mix strategies, product strategy suggests that the most desirable appearance be transplanted ginseng filled with branch roots and 4 to 5 year-ginseng, and it is necessary to choose multi-brand strategy divided for present into for self-sufficiency and family brand strategy by use if its brand enlarges to processed products in the future. In the place strategy, 3 stages like 'producer group' - 'GAP certified facility' - 'sales shop' are based as the physical marketing channel according to traceability, and connected with giant retail market and environment friendly stand, and if its sales volume enlarges, it should be considered the GAP ginseng specialized marketplace which is a type of chain store. In the promotion strategy, the promotion of government level is necessary at first and producer alliances require the promotion targeting at the group of women under 40 with differentiation from price, quality, and safety. In the price strategy, the early stage-high price strategy which sets 20~25% higher for self-sufficiency and 30~35% for present is desirable.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.15 no.3 s.68
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• pp.394-404
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• 2007

The purpose of the study was to analyze the difference in knitwear purchasing behaviors of female college students in the U.S., Korea, and China. It was developed questionnaire that included knitwear purchasing behavior that is fashion information sources, evaluation criteria of knitwear products, store attributes of knitwear, knitwear buying places, and purchasing experience of foreign-made knitwear. The final sample used in this study consisted of 119 female college students in U.S., 150 female college students in Korea, and 217 female college students in China. Aged from 18 to 33. ANOVA, factor analysis, Duncan's multiple range test, frequency, and percentage as analysis methods were used. The results of the study were as follows. The preference of knitwear among the respondents was shown highly. This result is due to a world-wide trend of casual clothing, and is to prove, that knitwear is that made with flexibility, drape, and stretch, is the item that is able to satisfy consumer's desires. Knitwear preference of knitwear the U.S. respondents was shown highly, and buying intention of them was also high, not only for sweaters and t-shirts but for pants, skirts, jackets, coats, and dresses as well. Knitwear information the U.S. respondents considered important, was not only purchasing experience but also shop display and magazine advertisements. By evaluating criteria of knitwear, the U.S. respondents considered good fit, design, color, and comfort important, and they didn't consider the country of origin important. By store attributes of knitwear, the U.S. respondents specially considered the display, variety, price level, and sale frequency of merchandise. The respondents of China was shown higher than them of Korea in the intention of all items. Knitwear information the China respondents considered important, was not only purchasing experience but also shop advertisements of Newspaper and magazine and fashion articles in Newspaper and magazine. By evaluating criteria of knitwear, the China respondents considered good fit, design, color, and comfort important, and they considered fiber content and the country of origin higher than the respondents of U.S. By Store attributes of knitwear, the China respondents specially considered product knowledge and friendliness of sales personnel, Layaway payment plan, Brand names, New Fashion, and Dressing Facilities higher than the respondents of U.S. or Korea.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.55-88
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• 2014

In this study, we examined the use of cosmetics among adolescents in our country and their purchasing behavior, as the use of cosmetics has increasingly been prevailing in the younger generation. The aims of this study were to investigate the state of the youth cosmetics market, to grasp the needs of youth and ultimately to suggest the right directions for the youth cosmetics market. The subjects in this study were 1,092 boys and girls from 10 selected secondary schools in Seoul. After a survey was conducted, the answer sheets from 1,074 respondents were gathered, and the collected data were analyzed by the statistical package (SPSS WIN 18.0). The vast majority of the teens participated in the survey were answered to use basic cosmetics daily, and there was a gradual increase in the frequency that they used color cosmetics. They started to use cosmetics earlier in ages than the older generations. Most of them were in trouble due to acne, and the most dominant way to get rid of their skin troubles was by using cosmetics. The most common place at which they purchased cosmetics were brand shops, and they gave priority to the function of the products when they bought cosmetics. The adolescents were still told by their schools to abstain from using cosmetics, and that was the case for social climate as well. Yet they definitely wanted to be allowed to use cosmetics.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.58-65
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• 2021

Jewelry Object to adorn a body with has been a very important culture since the primitive age when history of human beings started. Ornaments for social status or wealth's symbolic icon otherwise for private embellishment have been developed with various properties such as decorative, monetary, scarce, historic ones. However, since the latter 20th century, when intellecture concept was more valuable than the tradition laying emphasis on preciousness, with counting of artistic activities and aesthetic values, they have had expressionistic tendency centered on artists. In this manner, modern ornaments have been developed as an artistic genre deviating from traditional way in which material or technology was emphasized. While this expressionistic tendency emphasized artistic value, galleries only for ornaments have been started since 1960s and especially from this period, a lot of experimental and revolutionary ornaments works deviating from traditional way have been exhibited. The appearance of galleries specialized in ornaments as described above had a great influence on the ornaments' development to an artistic genre. This study is the one in respect of two exhibition types through the combination of human body and clothes in displaying ornaments. The first one represents active displaying way for the communication with audience by introducing fashion show to galleries deviating from general exhibition way. The second one plans to run a project collaborating fashion brand for the communication between ornaments and clothes and represents displaying way in the shop of fashion brand for active exhibition publicity.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.395-413
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• 2023

This research studied the effect of customer experience characteristics in offline home appliance stores on perceived value and revisit intention. Among the offline distribution of home appliances with more than 100 stores nationwide, two home appliance retailers (HiMart, E-Land), three hypermarkets (E-Mart, Homeplus, Lotte Hi-Mart), and two home appliance stores (LG Best Shop, Samsung Digital Plaza) were selected, and a survey was conducted on men and women in their 20s or older in Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Incheon who had visited and purchased the home appliance store within the last 6 months. As a result of the survey, a statistical analysis was conducted on a total of 330 samples using the PLS (Partial Least Squares) structural equation model and SPSS statistical package. Through this study, the following research results can be obtained. First, educational experience, deviant experience, and aesthetic experience had a positive (+) effect on the functional value. However, entertainment experience did not affect functional value. Second, educational experience, deviant experience, and aesthetic experience all had a positive (+) effect on emotional value. Third, both functional and sensory values had a positive (+) effect on the revisit intention. Fourth, it was confirmed that brand loyalty had no moderating effect between functional value and sensory value revisit intention. The results of this study show the structural relationship between customer experience characteristics, perceived value (functional value, sensory value), and revisit intention. This result provides guidelines on what activities home appliance offline stores should do at a time when online channels threaten the survival of offline channels.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.803-810
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• 2012

This study investigates the effect of nonverbal communication on trust, switching barrier, and repurchase intention. Sample subjects used in this study were customers of a fashion shop in Sunchon. The questionnaires were conveniently sampled from July 2010 to August 2010. Questionnaire data from 335 customers of a national brand were analyzed through a reliability analysis, factor analysis, and multiple regression analysis. The results of this study are as follows. First, nonverbal communication by the service provider was divided into 3 types, physical appearance and paralanguage, postures and proxemics, and facial expressions. Second, it was found that physical appearance and paralanguage, postures and proxemics, facial expression of nonverbal communication had a significant impact on customer trust. Third, given the relationship between nonverbal communication and switching barrier, it was represented that the postures and proxemics and facial expressions (except physical appearance and paralanguage) had a significantly positive influence on the switching barrier. Forth, physical appearance/paralanguage, postures/proxemics, and facial expressions (nonverbal communication) had a positive influence on repurchase intention. Fifth, given the relationship between trust and repurchase intention as well as switching barrier and repurchase intention, it was represented that trust and switching barrier have a significantly positive influence upon repurchase intention. According to the results of this study, the more positive nonverbal communication by the service provider then the higher the customer repurchase intention as well as trust and switching barrier. Fifth, given the relationship between trust and repurchase intention as well as switching barrier and repurchase intention, it was represented that trust and switching barrier have a significantly positive influence upon repurchase intentions.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.43-53
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to investigate the actual condition of fashion sales related persons and analyze their different role recognition in women's Ready-To-Wear shops. A questionnaire was administered to 378 fashion sales related persons in department stores and individual shops. Data were analyzed by using crosstabs, $X^2$, t-test, Scheffe's test and ANOVA by using of SPSS PC program. The results of this study were as follows: 1. In the role of fashion salespersons, managers participated highly in the merchandise buying plan, actual merchandise buying and advertisement, and shopmasters participated in the management of salespersons and keeping good relation with customers and display. 2. There was significant difference according to the existence of shopmasters in sales promotion. Shops with shopmasters had regular sales and filed up customer cards. 3. Shopmasters and salespersons attached importance to fashion information, market information, sales result information, and managers attached importance to customer information, enterprise environment information in utilizing of informations. Managers considered customer survey very important but shopmasters and salespersons did not. Shopmasters, managers, and salespersons all attached importance to customers' preference survey as customers' information source. 4. There were significant differences in lifestyle survey, buying method survey, preference survey, street fashion survey, brand identity survey and advertizement effect survey of customers by the different roles of fashion salespersons. 5. There were significant differences in the degree of merchandise knowledge, service and after service in sales service recognition by the different roles of fashion salespersons.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.459-466
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• 2009

This study surveyed university students in the Seoul and Kyonggi areas regarding their recognition and satisfaction of high quality ice creams. In terms of their preference for high quality ice creams, 152 (40.2%) answered "moderate", and 200 (52.9%) answered "likeable" or "very likeable", showing a very high preference. Ice cream was most often consumed as a snack (30.0%). The preferred food materials in combination with ice cream were fruits (32.8%), followed by chocolates (28.8%), dairy (15.6%), and nuts (7.7%). Many students viewed ice cream as an unhealthy food (46.8%), and the most frequent reason for using a selected brand was "taste" (46.6%), followed by "variety" (16.1%), "advertisement" (14.1%), and "operating of chain shop" (10.3%). In terms of overall satisfaction, 41.4% answered "somewhat satisfactory" or "very satisfactory", and only 9.8% answered "somewhat unsatisfactory" or "very unsatisfactory". The satisfaction construct was divided into nine sectors: nutrition, low calorie, functional, taste, color, variety, high quality, hygiene, and value. When these sectors were analyzed, "variety" was "somewhat satisfactory" or "very satisfactory" (74.2%), and "value" was "somewhat unsatisfactory" or "very unsatisfactory" (47.5%). In the analysis of satisfaction factors according to sectors, the Cronbach's $\alpha$ value related to nutrition was 0.755, that of preference was 0.830, and that of image was 0.661.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.171-185
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• 2014

This research investigates the causal relationships between the selection attributes of coffee shops and customer value and revisit intention. To do this, the statistics programs SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 18.0 were used targeting 218 college students from three universities (K, D, Y) in the Busan area. Frequency analysis, explanatory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, correlation analysis, and structure model analysis for hypothesis verification were conducted to analyze the data. Based on the results of exploratory factor analysis, five factors were drawn as quality of coffee, indoor environment, service, discount, and brand. Model fidelity and validity was confirmed by implementing the confirmatory factor analysis. In addition, results of structure model analysis confirmed partial relationships among the selection attributes of the college students regarding coffee shops, customer value, and revisit intention. Furthermore, a positive relationship between customer value and revisit intention was also confirmed. Thus, this research suggests that coffee shop managers should manage in a way that customers may acknowledge the value of the expenses they pay.

• The Korean Journal of Vision Science
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.393-401
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• 2018

Purpose : This survey aimed to investigate the differences in shape and color preference of eyeglasses and sunglasses between Korean and Chinese consumers. Methods : The questionnaire was conducted on 150 Chinese students studying in Korea and 150 Korean college students. Any student who majors in optometry was excluded. Chinese students were provided with questionnaires that were translated into Simplified Chinese characters, and it was translated by a native Chinese student studying in a master course of a Korean university, on the basis of Korean questionnaire. Results : The Chinese consumer group preferred the global famous brand in sunglasses rather than the glasses, and it was found that they preferred the Korean glasses products relatively. Also, they presented higher preference to half- or rimless frame, gold color, two-tone colored lens, comparing to the Korean consumer group. Conclusion : The results of this study are expected to contribute to Chinese marketing strategy of Korean manufacturing optical shop companies, and to sales strategy of Korean optical shops with Chinese tourists.