The physicochemical properties and gel forming properties of mungbean and buckwheat crude starches were investigated. The results were as follows; 1. The granule size and shape of mungbean crude starch were $11~32\mu\textrm{m}$ and oval, and those of buckwheat crude starch were $3~10 \mu\textrm{m}$ and polygonal. 2. The amylose conteut of mungbean crude starch and buckwheat crude starch were 78.0% and 26.4% respectively. 3. The blue value of mungbean crude starch and buckwheat crude starch were 1.030 and 0.409, respectively. 4. Periodate oxidation of mungbean crude starch resulted that amylose had the average molecular weight of 95, 648, degree of polymerization of 590 and amylopectin had the degree of branching of 5.4, glucose unit per segment of 18.6, and periodate oxidation of buckwheat crude starch resulted that amylose had the average molecular weight of 133, 690, degree of polymerization of 825 and amylopectin had the degree of branching of 5.2, glucose unit per segment of 19.2 5. Water binding capacity of mungbean crude starch was 185.1% and that of buckwheat was 209.9% 6. The pattern of change in swelling power of mungbean crude starch for increasing temperature started to increase at $60^{\circ}C$ and increased rapidly from $70^{\circ}C$, and that of buckwheat increased slowly from $60^{\circ}C$ to $90^{\circ}C$ without rapid increase. 7 The ranges of gelatinization temp. of mungbean and buckwheat crude starches were 63. 9-$109^{\circ}C$ and 52.5-84.$2^{\circ}C$, respectively. 8. The gelatinization patterns for 6% munbean crude starch and 8% buckwheat crude starch were investigated by Brabender amglograph. Mungbean crude starch showed the initial pasting temperature of 77.6$^{\circ}C$ without peak height, and buckwheat crude starch showed that of $62.5^{\circ}C$ without peak height. In addition, sensory evaluation for sample starch gels (mungbean, buckwheat, cowpea) was done. 1. The difference of sensory characteristics for each starch gel was significant. 2. The sample starch gels were regarded as 'Mook' by pannels. 3. 74.44% of the degree of Mooklike was explained by hardness.
This study was conducted to establish a systematized taxonomic problems of through the leaf morphological characters and leaf venation patterns, and stomatal cell patterns and cell characteristics of abaxial and adaxial surface of the leaflets by SEM, of 6 native species in Korea and 2 foreign species of the Genus Rhus in the Family Anacardiaceae. The results obtained from this study are summarized as followings: 1. Morphological study measured 32 characters of leaves from herbarium specimen and field-collected samples for each species. The results of cluster analysis based on the Euclidean distance showed that the species could be classified into 3 groups: R. sylvestris. R. typhina, R. succedanea: R. trichocarpa. R. chinensis. R. verniciflua: and R. ambigua. R. radicans subsp. orientale, Analysis of principal components showed 5 groups: The major factors in the first principal component group was length of petiole of the terminal leaflets, that in the second group angle of left side in the terminal leaflet bash, that in the third group area ratio between first and terminal leaflets, that in the forth group angle ratio between right and left side in the terminal leaflet base, and that in the fifth group was angle of main and secondary vein at midrib of terminal leaflet. Cumulative contribution by the first, second and third principal component group was explained with 82.6%, a large percent of all information. 2. The leaf venation pattern investigated using soft X-ray photography revealed clado-and reticulo-camptodromous types according to branching angle of the secondary vein. And three groups by the developing degree of secondary vein were R. trichocarpa, R. ambigua. R. chinensis, R. typhina; R. radicans subsp. onentale, R. succedanea, R. verniciflua: and R. sylvestris. Classification key for the Rhus of Korean-native Anacardiaceae was made by the venation pattern and devevoping degree of the secondary vein. 3. The stomatal cell patterns were greatly classified into paracytic and anomocytic types, specific among species according to stomatal and subsidiary cell patterns, and various differences among the species was determined. Microstructure of the adaxial and abaxial surfaces could be divided into synclinal and anticlinal cell wall patterns, and were specific-species. Stomatal cells of R. chinensis were surrounded with characterized villus-like cells.
Background: To evaluate chest CT findings of pandemic influenza A/H1N1 pneumonia without co-infection. Methods: Among 56 patients diagnosed with pandemic influenza A/H1N1 pneumonia, chest CT was obtained in 22 between October 2009 and Februrary 2010. Since two patients were co-infected with bacteria, the other twenty were evaluated. Predominant parenchymal patterns were categorized into consolidation, ground glass opacity (GGO), and mixed patterns. Distribution of parenchymal abnormalities was assessed. Results: Median age was 46.5 years. The CURB-65 score, which is the scoring system for severity of community acquired pneumonia, had a median of 1. Median duration of symptoms was 3 days. All had abnormal chest x-ray findings. The median number of days after the hospital visit that Chest CT was performed was 1. The reasons for chest CT performance were radiographic findings unusual for pneumonia (n=13) and unexplained dyspnea (n=7). GGO was the most predominant pattern on CT (n=13, 65.0%). Parenchymal abnormalities were observed in both lungs in 13 cases and were more extensive in the lower lung zone than the upper. Central and peripheral distributions were identified in ten and nine cases, respectively. One showed diffuse distribution. Peribronchial wall thickening was found in 16 cases. Centrilobular branching nodules (n=7), interlobular septal thickening (n=4), atelectasis (n=1), pleural effusion (n=5), enlarged hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes (n=6 and n=7) were also noted. Conclusion: Patchy and bilateral GGO along bronchi with predominant involvement of lower lungs are the most common chest CT findings of pandemic influenza A/H1N1 pneumonia.
Ahmad, Zubair;Din, Nasir Ud;Memon, Aisha;Tariq, Mohammad Usman;Idrees, Romana;Hasan, Sheema
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
/
v.17
no.3
/
pp.1565-1570
/
2016
Background: Central neurocytomas are rare neuronal neoplasms with a favorable prognosis. They are typically located in the lateral ventricles of the brain and mostly histologically correspond to WHO grade II with a Mib 1 labelling index of <2%. Similar tumors located in the cerebral hemispheres and spinal cord, for example, are called "extraventricular neurocytomas". A few tumors histologically show atypia, mitoses, vascular proliferation and/or necrosis and a Mib 1 index >2 % and are designated as "atypical neurocytomas. Aim: The aim of our study was to describe the common as well as unusual morphologic features and the role of various immunohistochemical stains in the diagnosis of these rare tumors. Materials and Methods: We retrieved and reviewed 35 cases diagnosed between 2001 and 2015. Results: Sixty percent of patients were males, and the mean age was 26 years. 31 cases (88.6%) were intraventricular and 4(11.4%) were extraventricular. Histologically, 6 cases (17.1%) were compatible with "atypical neurocytomas". All cases showed the classic morphology comprising nests and sheets of uniform, round cells with uniform round to oval nuclei with finely speckled chromatin and perinuclear cytoplasmic clearing (halos). All cases also showed delicate, fibrillary, neuropil-like matrices. Other common histologic features included capillary-sized blood vessels in a branching pattern in 57.1%, foci of calcification in 34.3% and perivascular pseudorosettes in 20%. Rare findings included Homer-Wright or true rosettes in 8.6% and ganglioid cells in 2.9%. Synaptophysin was the most consistent and valuable marker, being positive in almost all cases. GFAP positivity in tumor cells was seen in 25.7% of cases. Follow up was available in 13 patients. Of these 9 had histologically typical and 4 had atypical tumors. Only 1 (with an atypical neurocytoma) died, probably due to complications of surgery within one month, while 12 (including 3 with atypical neurocytomas) remained alive. Recurrence developed in 1 of these 12 patients (histologically consistent with typical morphology) almost 9 years after surgery. Only 4 patients, including 2 with atypical tumors, received postoperative radiotherapy, all with surgery in 2010 or later. Overall, prognosis was excellent with prolonged, recurrence free survival and most patients, even without receiving radiation therapy, were alive and well for many years, even a decade or more after surgery, without developing any recurrence, indicating the benign nature of these neoplasms.
Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
/
v.26
no.4
/
pp.595-607
/
1999
The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the efficacy of self-etching primer which was developed to simplify the bonding procedures by measuring the shear bond strength and observing the interfacial morphology. 90 flat dentinal surfaces were prepared by grinding the buccal and lingual areas of caries-free human deciduous molars. After bonding of composite resin to sample surfaces according to the manufacturer's direction and thermocycling, shear bond strengths were measured using Universal testing machine(Instron). Another groups of specimens were treated by hydrochloric acid to secure the resin only and those tags were evaluated under SEM for their length and forms and the morphology of the bonding sites were also observed. The result as follows. 1. Group III showed higher shear bond strength than group I and II but no statistically significant difference was founded between group I and II(p>.05). 2. Adhesive failure was predominant in group II whereas dentin detachment was the main failure pattern in group I and III. 3. Relating long resin tags of $100-200{\mu}m$ were observed in samples of all groups under SEM. In group I, homogeneously long resin tags were arranged rather tight whereas rather loosely arranged resin tags of various length were found in group II. Lateral branching of resin tags was the characteristic finding observed in group III.
The genetic structure and phylogenetic relationship were investigated in Korean red spotted grouper populations using the nucleotide sequence polymorphisms of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. The COI gene was sequenced showed 99.1-99.8% identity with the EF607565 sequence previously reported. A total of twenty haplotypes were found, and the Korean population showed nineteen haplotypes. Among those, Hap_03 and Hap_08 showed Jeju-do and China-specific COI sequences, respectively. However, Hap_07 had twelve COI sequences from South Korea and records from Hong Kong and Taiwan. Neighbor-joining (NJ) trees constructed from the phylogenetic analyses based on the polymorphisms of the COI haplotypes showed a monophyletic branching pattern within the genus Epinephelus. This indicated that the red spotted grouper populations had evolved from common maternal ancestors. In addition, the Hap_08, which had the COI sequence recorded only from China Sea, was found in the middle of the NJ tree nearby Hap_07 and showed a close relationship with Hap_07. This indicates that Chinese red spotted grouper is also maternally related to other populations in East Asia. Consequently, East Asian red spotted grouper populations are maternally related, as well as sharing the same evolutionary history, and are still affected by the East Asian ocean current (Kuroshio). These findings help to explain the genetic structure and phylogenetic relationship of red spotted grouper and also contribute to research on artificial breeding and industrialization.
Cowpea might have been introduced from China to Korea and cultivated for several hundred years but it has never been a staple food crop in Korea. In this study, genetic diversity of 492 Korean cowpea landrace accessions that have passport information was estimated using six SSR markers. The mean of Weir's gene diversity was 0.665 from all accessions investigated in the study. Cowpea gene diversity of six local provinces in Korea was ranged from 0.370 in accessions of Gangwon to 0.680 in Jeonra provinces. Low gene diversity of the cowpea genepool of Gangwon province was probably derived from relatively few introductions. Especially SSR markers VM36 and VM39 seem to be good markers to distinguish the Gangwon accessions from others by occurring at a specific locus with higher than 78% of allele frequency. Except for the Gangwon province with the low genetic diversity, gene diversity of cowpea accessions from other provinces was ranged from 0.600 to 0.680 indicating no big differences among provinces. Distribution pattern of the allele frequencies was similar among the other provinces. This may reveal that Korean farmers might exchange cowpea seeds easily with even their neighbors with geographical barriers. A core collection, 100 landraces, ca. 20% of base collection, was developed at the 70% of a similarity coefficient level using random sampling approaches after stratification of the entire landrace collection based on the phenetic dendrogram. The variability of SSR in the base and core collections of Korean cowpea landrace was compared by calculating Weir's gene diversity. The mean of Weir's gene diversity of the core was 0.707 while that of the base collection was 0.665. The higher diversity index in the core collection indicates that it maintains the initial variability and well represents the base collection. The core collection included one of determinate accession (IT 216155) and two of no branching type accessions (IT 103959 and IT 161024). The core collection could be used to guide more efficient management and utilization of the entire collection. This core collection should be revised periodically as additional accessions are collected and further characterization is conducted.
This study was conducted to obtain the fundamental information on antioxidant component as affected by process of grain filling in different plant types of sesame. Sesamin and sesamolin as antioxidant components, oil content and seed weight were investigated for two plant types with different by branching habit. The sesamin and sesamolin contents in grains followed a pattern of increase immediately after flowering in branch type and monocapsule habit than non-branch type and tricapsule habit. But they started to decrease around 45 days after flowering, which oil content and seed weight continued to increase until maturity. The sesamin content increased quickly up from 10th to 40th day after flowering and showed almost maximum at 43th day after flowering. The sesamolin content increased quickly up from 20th to 30th day after flowering and showed almost maximum at 45th day after flowering. The oil content increased quickly up from 20th to 30th day after flowering and showed almost maximum at 47th day after flowering. The seed weight increased quickly up from 20th to 40th day after flowering and showed almost maximum at 48th day. The sesamin content, sesamolin content, oil content and seed weight showed almost maximum at from 43th to 48th day after flowering. So that this period was considered to be of physiological maturity.
Late recurrence over 10 years after surgery and endobronchial metastasis are some of the specific biological behaviors of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The current report describes a case of solitary endobronchial metastasis at a subsegmental bronchus that developed 20 years after curative nephrectomy for RCC. A 71-year-old male was admitted to our hospital for pneumonia. Chest radiography showed multifocal ill-defined nodular opacities in the right lower lung zone, suggesting pneumonia. Subsequent chest CT confirmed pneumonic infiltration in the right lung. However, a 4.3-cm, well-defined, elongated mass with a branching pattern was also identified in the right lower lobe, and a right nephrectomy scar was detected on the covered upper abdomen. The patient had undergone right nephrectomy 20 years ago due to clear cell RCC. After right lower lobectomy, the postoperative pathological diagnosis was endobronchial metastatic clear cell RCC. Endobronchial metastasis should be considered in a patient with a history of RCC who presents with a suspected endobronchial tumor, even decades after curative surgery.
I tried to specify the taxa of Fagaceae in Korea by the character of their pollen grains. The light microscope(LM) and the Scanning electron microscope(SEM) were used to examine the pollen grains of 19 taxa, 5 genera. The result are as follows. 1. The pollen of Fagaceae in Korea could be grouped into four types and 4 subtypes. 1) Fagus type 2) Castanea type 3) Lithocarpus, Castanopsis type 4) Quercus type (1) Cyclobalanopsis subtype (2) Prinus subtype (3) Dentatae subtype (4) Cerris subtype. 2. The morphology of the granula on the pollen of Quercus was closely related to the differantiation of the shape of the cup scales. 1) The uniformity of branching granula on the pollen grain surface corresponds to the morphological features of the concentric arrangement of cup scales. 2) The morphological features of the pollen grain surface intermingled with large or small granula, simple-granula and tuber granula which have small points of circular prominence, corresponded to those of short cup scales. 3) The morphological features of the polllen grain surface intermingled with large or small granula, simple-granula and tuber granula with an apex of amoeba type corresponded to those of Q. dentata Thunb, with thin, fine and long cup scales. 4) The morphological features of the pollen grain surface intermingled with large of small granula of with only simple-granula, corresponded to those of Q. acutissima carr. with thick, fine and long cup scales. 3. The result of cluster analysis by coding the sculpture pattern of the pollen grain surface, the existence and nonexistence of surface perforate, the grain size and granula type were coincident with the system of classification of plants and showed an intimated relationship even under th level of species.
본 웹사이트에 게시된 이메일 주소가 전자우편 수집 프로그램이나
그 밖의 기술적 장치를 이용하여 무단으로 수집되는 것을 거부하며,
이를 위반시 정보통신망법에 의해 형사 처벌됨을 유념하시기 바랍니다.
[게시일 2004년 10월 1일]
이용약관
제 1 장 총칙
제 1 조 (목적)
이 이용약관은 KoreaScience 홈페이지(이하 “당 사이트”)에서 제공하는 인터넷 서비스(이하 '서비스')의 가입조건 및 이용에 관한 제반 사항과 기타 필요한 사항을 구체적으로 규정함을 목적으로 합니다.
제 2 조 (용어의 정의)
① "이용자"라 함은 당 사이트에 접속하여 이 약관에 따라 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스를 받는 회원 및 비회원을
말합니다.
② "회원"이라 함은 서비스를 이용하기 위하여 당 사이트에 개인정보를 제공하여 아이디(ID)와 비밀번호를 부여
받은 자를 말합니다.
③ "회원 아이디(ID)"라 함은 회원의 식별 및 서비스 이용을 위하여 자신이 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을
말합니다.
④ "비밀번호(패스워드)"라 함은 회원이 자신의 비밀보호를 위하여 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을 말합니다.
제 3 조 (이용약관의 효력 및 변경)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트에 게시하거나 기타의 방법으로 회원에게 공지함으로써 효력이 발생합니다.
② 당 사이트는 이 약관을 개정할 경우에 적용일자 및 개정사유를 명시하여 현행 약관과 함께 당 사이트의
초기화면에 그 적용일자 7일 이전부터 적용일자 전일까지 공지합니다. 다만, 회원에게 불리하게 약관내용을
변경하는 경우에는 최소한 30일 이상의 사전 유예기간을 두고 공지합니다. 이 경우 당 사이트는 개정 전
내용과 개정 후 내용을 명확하게 비교하여 이용자가 알기 쉽도록 표시합니다.
제 4 조(약관 외 준칙)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스에 관한 이용안내와 함께 적용됩니다.
② 이 약관에 명시되지 아니한 사항은 관계법령의 규정이 적용됩니다.
제 2 장 이용계약의 체결
제 5 조 (이용계약의 성립 등)
① 이용계약은 이용고객이 당 사이트가 정한 약관에 「동의합니다」를 선택하고, 당 사이트가 정한
온라인신청양식을 작성하여 서비스 이용을 신청한 후, 당 사이트가 이를 승낙함으로써 성립합니다.
② 제1항의 승낙은 당 사이트가 제공하는 과학기술정보검색, 맞춤정보, 서지정보 등 다른 서비스의 이용승낙을
포함합니다.
제 6 조 (회원가입)
서비스를 이용하고자 하는 고객은 당 사이트에서 정한 회원가입양식에 개인정보를 기재하여 가입을 하여야 합니다.
제 7 조 (개인정보의 보호 및 사용)
당 사이트는 관계법령이 정하는 바에 따라 회원 등록정보를 포함한 회원의 개인정보를 보호하기 위해 노력합니다. 회원 개인정보의 보호 및 사용에 대해서는 관련법령 및 당 사이트의 개인정보 보호정책이 적용됩니다.
제 8 조 (이용 신청의 승낙과 제한)
① 당 사이트는 제6조의 규정에 의한 이용신청고객에 대하여 서비스 이용을 승낙합니다.
② 당 사이트는 아래사항에 해당하는 경우에 대해서 승낙하지 아니 합니다.
- 이용계약 신청서의 내용을 허위로 기재한 경우
- 기타 규정한 제반사항을 위반하며 신청하는 경우
제 9 조 (회원 ID 부여 및 변경 등)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객에 대하여 약관에 정하는 바에 따라 자신이 선정한 회원 ID를 부여합니다.
② 회원 ID는 원칙적으로 변경이 불가하며 부득이한 사유로 인하여 변경 하고자 하는 경우에는 해당 ID를
해지하고 재가입해야 합니다.
③ 기타 회원 개인정보 관리 및 변경 등에 관한 사항은 서비스별 안내에 정하는 바에 의합니다.
제 3 장 계약 당사자의 의무
제 10 조 (KISTI의 의무)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객이 희망한 서비스 제공 개시일에 특별한 사정이 없는 한 서비스를 이용할 수 있도록
하여야 합니다.
② 당 사이트는 개인정보 보호를 위해 보안시스템을 구축하며 개인정보 보호정책을 공시하고 준수합니다.
③ 당 사이트는 회원으로부터 제기되는 의견이나 불만이 정당하다고 객관적으로 인정될 경우에는 적절한 절차를
거쳐 즉시 처리하여야 합니다. 다만, 즉시 처리가 곤란한 경우는 회원에게 그 사유와 처리일정을 통보하여야
합니다.
제 11 조 (회원의 의무)
① 이용자는 회원가입 신청 또는 회원정보 변경 시 실명으로 모든 사항을 사실에 근거하여 작성하여야 하며,
허위 또는 타인의 정보를 등록할 경우 일체의 권리를 주장할 수 없습니다.
② 당 사이트가 관계법령 및 개인정보 보호정책에 의거하여 그 책임을 지는 경우를 제외하고 회원에게 부여된
ID의 비밀번호 관리소홀, 부정사용에 의하여 발생하는 모든 결과에 대한 책임은 회원에게 있습니다.
③ 회원은 당 사이트 및 제 3자의 지적 재산권을 침해해서는 안 됩니다.
제 4 장 서비스의 이용
제 12 조 (서비스 이용 시간)
① 서비스 이용은 당 사이트의 업무상 또는 기술상 특별한 지장이 없는 한 연중무휴, 1일 24시간 운영을
원칙으로 합니다. 단, 당 사이트는 시스템 정기점검, 증설 및 교체를 위해 당 사이트가 정한 날이나 시간에
서비스를 일시 중단할 수 있으며, 예정되어 있는 작업으로 인한 서비스 일시중단은 당 사이트 홈페이지를
통해 사전에 공지합니다.
② 당 사이트는 서비스를 특정범위로 분할하여 각 범위별로 이용가능시간을 별도로 지정할 수 있습니다. 다만
이 경우 그 내용을 공지합니다.
제 13 조 (홈페이지 저작권)
① NDSL에서 제공하는 모든 저작물의 저작권은 원저작자에게 있으며, KISTI는 복제/배포/전송권을 확보하고
있습니다.
② NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 상업적 및 기타 영리목적으로 복제/배포/전송할 경우 사전에 KISTI의 허락을
받아야 합니다.
③ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 보도, 비평, 교육, 연구 등을 위하여 정당한 범위 안에서 공정한 관행에
합치되게 인용할 수 있습니다.
④ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 무단 복제, 전송, 배포 기타 저작권법에 위반되는 방법으로 이용할 경우
저작권법 제136조에 따라 5년 이하의 징역 또는 5천만 원 이하의 벌금에 처해질 수 있습니다.
제 14 조 (유료서비스)
① 당 사이트 및 협력기관이 정한 유료서비스(원문복사 등)는 별도로 정해진 바에 따르며, 변경사항은 시행 전에
당 사이트 홈페이지를 통하여 회원에게 공지합니다.
② 유료서비스를 이용하려는 회원은 정해진 요금체계에 따라 요금을 납부해야 합니다.
제 5 장 계약 해지 및 이용 제한
제 15 조 (계약 해지)
회원이 이용계약을 해지하고자 하는 때에는 [가입해지] 메뉴를 이용해 직접 해지해야 합니다.
제 16 조 (서비스 이용제한)
① 당 사이트는 회원이 서비스 이용내용에 있어서 본 약관 제 11조 내용을 위반하거나, 다음 각 호에 해당하는
경우 서비스 이용을 제한할 수 있습니다.
- 2년 이상 서비스를 이용한 적이 없는 경우
- 기타 정상적인 서비스 운영에 방해가 될 경우
② 상기 이용제한 규정에 따라 서비스를 이용하는 회원에게 서비스 이용에 대하여 별도 공지 없이 서비스 이용의
일시정지, 이용계약 해지 할 수 있습니다.
제 17 조 (전자우편주소 수집 금지)
회원은 전자우편주소 추출기 등을 이용하여 전자우편주소를 수집 또는 제3자에게 제공할 수 없습니다.
제 6 장 손해배상 및 기타사항
제 18 조 (손해배상)
당 사이트는 무료로 제공되는 서비스와 관련하여 회원에게 어떠한 손해가 발생하더라도 당 사이트가 고의 또는 과실로 인한 손해발생을 제외하고는 이에 대하여 책임을 부담하지 아니합니다.
제 19 조 (관할 법원)
서비스 이용으로 발생한 분쟁에 대해 소송이 제기되는 경우 민사 소송법상의 관할 법원에 제기합니다.
[부 칙]
1. (시행일) 이 약관은 2016년 9월 5일부터 적용되며, 종전 약관은 본 약관으로 대체되며, 개정된 약관의 적용일 이전 가입자도 개정된 약관의 적용을 받습니다.