• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제58권2호
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• pp.231-242
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• 2016

To minimize the compliance of frame, a method to optimize the topology of bracing system in a frame is presented. The frame is first filled uniformly with a truss-like continuum, in which there are an infinite number of members. The frame and truss-like continuum are analysed by the finite element method altogether. By optimizing the distribution of members in the truss-like continuum over the whole design domain, the optimal bracing pattern is determined. As a result, the frame's lateral stiffness is enforced. Structural compliance and displacement are decreased greatly with a smaller increase in material volume. Since optimal bracing systems are described by the distribution field of members, rather than by elements, fewer elements are needed to establish the detailed structure. Furthermore, no numerical instability exists. Therefore it has high calculation effectiveness.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2016

For the reason of economy, farmers and structural engineers prefer the vinyl house frame members that have the lightest cross sections. Therefore, in order to reach this aim, rod bracing system is the best method for multiple vinyl house frames. In this study, wire rods (tension members) are used to be bracing members in multiple vinyl house frames. The effects of additional wire rods in the frames are investigated by the variations of the bending moments, axial forces, displacements and combined stresses in the main frames that are reinforced by different shapes of rod bracing system. Vinyl house frames are usually made by steel pipe members and collapsed by the excessive wind and snow loads. Two kinds of bracing models are used for wind and snow loads separately in this study. The effective bracing models for each load are finally figured out.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.171-178
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• 2021

Wave interaction in marine structures is an important issue where requires to be considered in view of number of bases, piles and arrangement method. In this research, effect of waves and their forces on piles with different arrangements was investigated using numerical modeling. Simulations were performed in presence of bracing elements between piles against the force of waves and also were compared with simple arrangement without bracing elements in different arrangements. Results showed that in models that were fitted with bracing elements, the displacement rate reduced about 96%, and tension tolerances increased more than 53% and abutment responses also decreased about 70%.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.139-147
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• 2018

Moment frames have considerable ductility against cyclic lateral loads and displacements; however, sometimes this feature causes the relative displacement to exceed the permissible limits. This issue can bring unfavorable hysteretic behavior on the frame due to the reduction in the stiffness and resistance against lateral loads. Most of common bracing systems usually control lateral displacements through increasing stiffness while result in decreasing the capacity for energy absorption. This has direct effect on hysteresis curves of moment frames. Therefore, a system that is capable of both having the capacity of energy absorption as well as controlling the displacements without a considerable increase in the stiffness is quite important. This paper investigates retrofitting of a single-storey steel moment frame using a delayed wire-rope bracing system equipped with the ductile middle steel plate. The steel plate is considered at the middle intersection of wire ropes, where it causes cables to be continuously in tension. This integrated system has the advantage of reducing considerable stiffness of the frame compared to cross bracing systems as a result of which it could also preserve the frame's energy absorption capacity. In this paper, FEM models of a delayed wire-rope bracing system equipped by steel plates with different geometries have been studied, validated, and compared with other researchers' laboratory test results.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2019

This study performs reliability analysis of three-dimensional temporary shoring structures with three different models. The first model represents a field model which does not have diagonal bracing members. The installation of bracing members is often neglected in the field for convenience. The second model corresponds to a design model which has the bracing members with the hinge connection of horizontal and bracing members at joints. The third model is similar to the second model but the hinge connection is replaced with partial rotational stiffness. The reliability analysis results revealed that the vertical members of the three models are safe enough in terms of axial force, but the vertical and horizontal members exhibit a big difference among the three models in terms of combination stress of axial force and bi-axial bending moments. The field model showed significant increase in failure probability for the horizontal member, and thus the results demonstrate that the bracing member should be installed necessarily for the safety of the temporary shoring structures.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.99-110
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 트랜치 굴착시 토석붕괴 방지시설에 대한 시공상의 안전성과 시공성 그리고 작업성에 주안점을 두어 재료의 경량화 및 구조체의 표준화를 시도하였다. 즉, 위험도 사전평가와 안전관리기법을 검토하고 흙막이 부재의 적용성과 흙막이 구조의 역학적 안정성을 검토하였으며, 이들 결과로부터 흙막이 구조체의 역학적 거동매카니즘 규명과 규격의 표준화를 위하여 경량흙막이 구조체의 구조안전성과 구조해석을 실시하였으며, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) 흙막이 구조의 역학적 타당성과 토질역학적 조건을 고려한 신소재 활용성을 확보하기 위하여 흙막이 부재의 역학적 성능과 부재에 작용하는 토압정수를 제시하였으며, 흙막이 구조체의 해석이론과 방법을 제시하였다. 2) 강화합성수지(FRP)를 사용한 경량판넬 부재의 지질구조가 경질점성토인 조건을 대상으로 구조해석 결과, 지하수위 조건에 따라서 판넬의 역학적(휨모멘트, 전단력, 축응력) 특성이 변화하고 있었으며, 역학적 해석결과가 허용응력 범위에 있음을 알 수 있어 이는 경량판넬이 트랜치 굴착시에 흙막이 구조로서 유용성을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제17권1호통권74호
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• pp.53-62
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• 2005

본 연구의 목적은 가새 골조에서 사용되는 가새 부재를 보강하여 가새 골조의 이력 거동을 향상시키는 것이다. HSS(Hollow Structural Section) 가새 부재는 국부 좌굴의 발생으로 인하여 인장측 성능에 비해 압축측 성능이 취약한 단점이 있다. 국부 좌굴의 심각성을 감소시키기 위하여 가새 부재에 콘크리트를 충전하는 방법이 사용되었다. Lee and Goel(1987)의 연구 결과에 따르면 콘크리트 충전은 HSS 가새 부재의 국부좌굴의 심각성을 감소시켜 파괴 수명을 증가시켰으나, 가새 부재 중앙부의 국부좌굴을 방지하지 못하여 지속적인 압축 강도의 저감이 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 가새 부재의 압축 강도를 증가시키고 중앙부의 국부 좌굴을 방지하기 위하여 콘크리트 충전 HSS 가새 부재의 중앙부를 리브로 보강한 실험체를 제작하여 실험하였다. 이를 위하여 리브 보강길이를 변수로 한 총 4개의 실물 크기의 가새 부재를 제작하였다. 하중은 압축과 인장이 대칭인 하중이력을 사용하였다. 본 실험에서 좌굴 모드, 사이클 최대 압축강도와 에너지 소산능력에서 나타난 리브 보강 가새 부재의 성능은 리브 보강길이에 따라 다르게 나타났으며, 63%의 길이로 보강한 실험체가 가장 우수한 성능을 나타내었다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2017

Background: The multiple hop test is an active performance test that has been commonly used to assess individuals with functional ankle instability. Previous studies have suggested that insufficiency of dynamic postural stability and passive stability during dynamic activities can have an influence on performance in the multiple hop test. However, no study has investigated the effects of dynamic postural stability training and ankle bracing on multiple hop test performance in individuals with functional ankle instability. Objects: The purpose of this study was to compare the immediate effects of dynamic postural stability training versus ankle bracing in the performance of the multiple hop test for participants with functional ankle instability. Methods: Twenty-nine participants with functional ankle instability who scored below 24 in the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool were selected. The participants were randomly divided into two groups: a dynamic postural stability training group (n1=14) and an ankle bracing control group ($n_2=15$). The multiple hop tests were performed before and after applying each intervention. Dynamic postural stability training was performed using visual-feedback-based balance-training equipment; participants in this group were asked to perform a heel raise in a standing position while watching the centering of their forefoot pressure to prevent excessive ankle inversion. Ankle bracing was applied in the control group. Results: When comparing the pre- and post-intervention period for both groups, both methods significantly improved the results of the multiple hop test (p<.05). However, no significant differences were shown between the dynamic postural stability training and ankle bracing groups (p>.05). Conclusion: Both dynamic postural stability training and ankle bracing showed significant improvement (2.85 seconds and 2.05 seconds, respectively) in test performance. Further study is needed to determine the long-term effects of dynamic postural stability training and to determine whether insufficient dynamic postural stability is a causative factor for functional ankle instability.

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한용접접합학회 1994년도 특별강연 및 춘계학술발표 개요집
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• pp.235-237
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• 1994

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.671-680
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 연속 2-거더교에서 하부 수평브레이싱의 유 무에 따른 하중분배효과를 파악하기 위하여 실제 교량으로부터 1/5 축소 제작된 모형 교량을 이용하여 재하 실험을 수행하였다. 실험 결과에 의하면 편재하된 하중에 대해 수평브레이싱이 설치되면 바닥판과 가로보의 구조적 기능이 향상되어 하중의 분배효과가 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 해석모델을 사용하여 수평브레이싱 유 무에 따른 하중분배율을 정량적으로 평가해 본 결과, 수평브레이싱이 미설치된 경우는 대부분 바닥판에 의해 편재하 하중의 21% 정도가 반대측 거더로 전달되었고, 설치된 경우는 가로보와 브레이싱, 그리고 바닥판 모두 하중분배에 기여하여 하중분배효과가 1.7배 정도 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 수평브레이싱이 설치로 인해 가로보와 바닥판, 그리고 수평브레이싱 부재가 유사폐합단면을 구성하여 시험체의 비틂 강성이 증가되기 때문으로 분석되었다.