• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.259-276
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• 2024

The undrained shear strength is widely acknowledged as a fundamental mechanical property of soil and is considered a critical engineering parameter. In recent years, researchers have employed various methodologies to evaluate the shear strength of soil under undrained conditions. These methods encompass both numerical analyses and empirical techniques, such as the cone penetration test (CPT), to gain insights into the properties and behavior of soil. However, several of these methods rely on correlation assumptions, which can lead to inconsistent accuracy and precision. The study involved the development of innovative methods using extreme gradient boosting (XGB) to predict the pile set-up component "A" based on two distinct data sets. The first data set includes average modified cone point bearing capacity (q_t), average wall friction (f_s), and effective vertical stress (σ_vo), while the second data set comprises plasticity index (PI), soil undrained shear cohesion (S_u), and the over consolidation ratio (OCR). These data sets were utilized to develop XGBoost-based methods for predicting the pile set-up component "A". To optimize the internal hyperparameters of the XGBoost model, four optimization algorithms were employed: Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Social Spider Optimization (SSO), Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm (AOA), and Sine Cosine Optimization Algorithm (SCOA). The results from the first data set indicate that the XGBoost model optimized using the Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm (XGB - AOA) achieved the highest accuracy, with R2 values of 0.9962 for the training part and 0.9807 for the testing part. The performance of the developed models was further evaluated using the RMSE, MAE, and VAF indices. The results revealed that the XGBoost model optimized using XGBoost - AOA outperformed other models in terms of accuracy, with RMSE, MAE, and VAF values of 0.0078, 0.0015, and 99.6189 for the training part and 0.0141, 0.0112, and 98.0394 for the testing part, respectively. These findings suggest that XGBoost - AOA is the most accurate model for predicting the pile set-up component.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.155-164
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• 2002

The power steering system for vehicles is becoming essential for supporting the steering efforts of the drivers, especially for the parking lot maneuver Although hydraulic power steering has been widely used for years, its efficiency is not high enough. The problems associated with a hydraulic howe. steering system can be solved by a motor driven power steering (MDPS) system. In this study, a dynamic model and a control algorithm for the ball screw type of MDPS system have been derived and analyzed by using the method of discrete modeling technology. To improve steering feel and power steering characteristics, two derivative gains are added to the conventional power boosting control algorithm. Through simulations, the effects of the control gain on the steering angle gain were verified in the frequency domain. The steering returnability and steering torque phase lag in on-center handling test were also evaluated in the time domain.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.124-134
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• 2000

The power wteering system for automobiles is becoming core popular for supporting steering efforts of the drivers, especially for a parking lot maneuver. Though hydraulic power steering has been widely used for a long time, the efficiency of that is not high enough. The motor driven power steering system can solve the problems associated with the hydraulic power steering system. In this study, dynamic model and control algorithm of the ball screw type of MDPS systenem have been derived and analysed by using the method of discrete modeling technology. To improve steering feel and power steering characteristics, the additional scheme is proposed to the conventional power boosting control algorithm. Through simulations, control gain effects to the steering angle gain in the frequency domain were verified. The steering returnability and steering torque phase lag in on-center handing test were performed also.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.166-171
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• 2013

The method proposed in this paper can improve the performance of the Boosting algorithm in machine learning. The proposed Boundary AdaBoost algorithm can make up for the weak points of Normal binary classifier using threshold boundary concepts. The new proposed boundary can be located near the threshold of the binary classifier. The proposed algorithm improves classification in areas where Normal binary classifier is weak. Thus, the optimal boundary final classifier can decrease error rates classified with more reasonable features. Finally, this paper derives the new algorithm's optimal solution, and it demonstrates how classifier accuracy can be improved using the proposed Boundary AdaBoost in a simulation experiment of pedestrian detection using 10-fold cross validation.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.185-194
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• 2020

Arrhythmia is basically diagnosed with the electrocardiogram (ECG) signal, however, ECG is difficult to measure and it requires expert help in analyzing the signal. On the other hand, the radial pulse can be measured with easy and uncomplicated way in daily life, and could be suitable bio-signal for the recent untact paradigm and extensible signal for diagnosis of Korean medicine based on pulse pattern. In this study, we developed an irregular radial pulse detection algorithm based on a learning model and considered its applicability as arrhythmia screening. A total of 1432 pulse waves including irregular pulse data were used in the experiment. Three data sets were prepared with minimal preprocessing to avoid the heuristic feature extraction. As classification algorithms, elastic net logistic regression, random forest, and extreme gradient boosting were applied to each data set and the irregular pulse detection performances were estimated using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve based on a 10-fold cross-validation. The extreme gradient boosting method showed the superior performance than others and found that the classification accuracy reached 99.7%. The results confirmed that the proposed algorithm could be used for arrhythmia screening. To make a fusion technology integrating western and Korean medicine, arrhythmia subtype classification from the perspective of Korean medicine will be needed for future research.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.457-464
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• 2009

The weak classifier of AdaBoost algorithm is a central classification element that uses a single criterion separating positive and negative learning candidates. Finding the best criterion to separate two feature distributions influences learning capacity of the algorithm. A common way to classify the distributions is to use the mean value of the features. However, positive and negative distributions of Haar-like feature as an image descriptor are hard to classify by a single threshold. The poor classification ability of the single threshold also increases the number of boosting operations, and finally results in a poor classifier. This paper proposes a weak classifier that uses multiple criterions by adding a probabilistic criterion of the positive candidate distribution with the conventional mean classifier: the positive distribution has low variation and the values are closer to the mean while the negative distribution has large variation and values are widely spread. The difference in the variance for the positive and negative distributions is used as an additional criterion. In the learning procedure, we use a new classifier that provides a better classifier between them by selective switching between the mean and standard deviation. We call this new type of combined classifier the "Mixed Weak Classifier". The proposed weak classifier is more robust than the mean classifier alone and decreases the number of boosting operations to be converged.

• 사물인터넷융복합논문지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.17-23
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• 2024

국내 상수도관의 파열, 결함 등으로 인한 누수율로 인한 손실이 매우 크고, 이런 누수를 예방을 위한 방지 대책이 필요한 상황이다. 본 논문에서는 진동 센서를 활용한 누수 탐지 센서를 개발하고 인공지능 기술을 활용한 최적의 누수 탐지 알고리듬을 제시하고자 한다. 상수도 배관에서 취득한 진동음은 FFT(Fast Fourier Transform)를 이용한 전처리 과정을 거친 뒤, 최적화된 트리 기반 부스팅 알고리듬을 적용하여 누수 분류를 하였다. 다양한 실증 환경에서 취득한 약 26만여 개의 실험 데이터에 적용한 결과 기존의 SVM(Support Vector Machine) 방법에 비해약 4%가 향상된 97%의 정확도를 얻었고, 연산 처리속도는 약 1,362배가 향상되어 엣지 디바이스 적용에도 적합함을 확인하였다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.282-291
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• 2009

An online mean-shift object tracking algorithm, which consists of a learning stage and an estimation stage, is proposed in this work. The learning stage selects the features for tracking, and the estimation stage composes a likelihood image and applies the mean shift algorithm to it to track an object. The tracking performance depends on the quality of the likelihood image. We propose two schemes to generate and integrate likelihood images: one based on the discrete AdaBoost (DAB) and the other based on the real AdaBoost (RAB). The DAB scheme uses tuned feature values, whereas RAB estimates class probabilities, to select the features and generate the likelihood images. Experiment results show that the proposed algorithm provides more accurate and reliable tracking results than the conventional mean shift tracking algorithms.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.205-217
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• 2024

We propose a bandwidth prediction approach based on deep learning. The approach is intended to accurately predict the bandwidth of various types of mobile networks. We first use a machine learning technique, namely, the gradient boosting algorithm, to recognize the connected mobile network. Second, we apply a handover detection algorithm based on network recognition to account for vertical handover that causes the bandwidth variance. Third, as the communication performance offered by 3G, 4G, and 5G networks varies, we suggest a bidirectional long short-term memory model with time distribution for bandwidth prediction per network. To increase the prediction accuracy, pretraining and fine-tuning are applied for each type of network. We use a dataset collected at University College Cork for network recognition, handover detection, and bandwidth prediction. The performance evaluation indicates that the handover detection algorithm achieves 88.5% accuracy, and the bandwidth prediction model achieves a high accuracy, with a root-mean-square error of only 2.12%.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:컴퓨팅의 실제 및 레터
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.955-961
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 HOG 특정벡터와 영상분할을 이용한 부스팅 분류기반의 자동차영역 검출 알고리즘의 연구에 대해서 기술한다. 입력된 영상으로부터 차량을 검출하기위해 먼저 분할 후 합병(split-merge) 방법을 적용하여 영상을 분할한다. 그리고 가장 큰 두 영역을 검색 영역에서 제외하여 처리 속도를 향상 시킨다. 각 영역에 대해 HOG(histogram of oriented gradient) 특정을 추출한다. 분류기는 두 개의 모집단을 분류하는데 많이 사용되고 있는 AdaBoost 방법을 사용한다. 제안방법의 성능 평가를 위해 537개의 영상을 사용하여 분류기를 학습하였으며, 또한 학습에 사용하지 않은 비학습영상 500개를 사용하여 인식률을 구하였다. 실험결과 비학습영상에 대해 98.34%의 인식률을 얻었다. 결론적으로 제안된 방법이 지능형 자동차 제어 시스템에서 차량의 위치를 찾는 방법으로 활용될 수 있다.