• 한국의류학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.260-269
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• 2013

This study verifies the direct and indirect causal relationship of sociocultural values related to appearance effect appearance evaluation, body area satisfaction, appearance orientation, and self-esteem that are variables involved in body images. This paper is expected to empirically support the information regarding the path and the relative influence among related-variables and their relational structures. A survey was conducted on 230 women from the ages of 20 to 29 who live in Daegu and Gyeongbuk areas. The data analysis was performed through programs such as AMOS 19.0 and SPSS 19.0 for Windows. The findings are as follows: First, Sociocultural values relating to appearance affect directly body image - appearance evaluation, body area satisfaction, and appearance orientation. Appearance evaluation and appearance orientation were influenced positively; however, body area satisfaction received egative effects. In addition, sociocultural values related to appearance exert relatively stronger influence on appearance orientation. Second, among body images, appearance evaluation and body area satisfaction directly effect self-esteem; however, appearance orientation did not show any direct influence. Appearance evaluation influenced relatively higher on self-esteem. Third, it appeared that appearance evaluation directly affected Appearance orientation. Forth, sociocultural values related to appearance affect self-esteem through body images-appearance evaluation, body area satisfaction, and appearance orientation - as mediators. This confirmed the mediator role of body image between sociocultural values related to appearance and self-esteem.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.381-387
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• 2018

본 연구는 필라테스 참가자의 신체가치관이 외모 도구성 및 운동지속행동에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가를 규명하는데 목적이 있다. 이와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위하여 인천시에 소재하는 공공 및 사설 필라테스 프로그램에 참여하는 20세 이상 성인을 모집단으로 설정하여 편의표본추출법으로 총 162명으로부터 자료를 수집하여 분석하였다. 자료 분석을 위해서 SPSS 18.0과 AMOS 18.0 프로그램을 이용하였으며 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, 필라테스 참가자의 신체가치관은 운동지속행동에 영향을 미친다. 둘째, 필라테스 참가자의 외모 도구성 및 운동지속행동에 영향을 미친다. 셋째, 필라테스 참가자의 신체가치관은 외모 도구성에 미친다. 넷째, 팔라테스 참가자의 신체가치관, 외모 도구성 및 운동지속행동 사이에는 인과적 관계가 있다. 결론적으로 팔라테스 참가를 통해 참가자들이 자신의 신체를 변화시킬 수다는 긍정적 신념은 사회적 관계를 갖는데 외모가 긍정적 역할을 한다는 신념을 매개로 필라테스 운동지속행동에 긍정적 영향을 미침을 알 수 있다.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.42-47
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• 2003

The objective of this study was to examine how circulating leptin concentrations and resting energy expenditures (REE) are related to body composition in obese adults, and to examine differences in these parameters according to gender. Twenty-three subjects, 6 males and 17 females, were recruited from patients with a body mass index (BMI) of greater than 27 at the Obesity Clinic of the K University Hospital. Anthropometric assessments and biochemical analyses were performed, and REEs were measured. In spite of having similar BMI values the plasma leptin levels of females (20.0$\pm$6.5 ng/ml) were significantly higher (p<.05) than those of males (14.2$\pm$6.1) ng/ml). In females, plasma leptin concentrations were found to be positively related to body weight. BMI, waist-hip ratio (WHR), fat mass (FM), body fat, and to the circumferences of forearm, waist and hip (p<.0001). However, in males, plasma leptin concentrations were positively related only to suprailiac thickness (p<.05). The higher plasma leptin levels in females compared to males may, at least partially. be explained by the females' higher subcutaneous fat mass. Plasma leptin concentrations appeared to reflect not only total fat mass but also regional fat distribution, especially in females. REE values of males (2254.3$\pm$256.2 kcal/day) were significantly higher (p＜.01) than those of females (1799.1$\pm$454.7 kcal/day). REE values for females were positively related to body weight, BMI, lean body mass (LBM), FM, body fat, and to the circumferences of waist and hip (p<.05); however, REE values for males were (positively) related only to LBM (p<.05). REE values were not related to plasma leptin concentrations for either males or females, indicating that the plasma level of leptin might not be a predictor for REE value.

• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.113-134
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• 2007

동아시아 삼국 여대생의 신체가치와 신체존중감을 비교하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 한국(n=168)과 중국(n=108), 일본(n=152)의 여대생을 대상으로 신체에 관한 가치로서 조작성, 편향성, 평가소재와 사회적유용성을 측정하였고, 전반적 신체존중감 척도를 이용해서 외모존중감, 체중존중감, 건강존중감을 측정하였다. 신체의 자의적 변형에 대한 수용정도는 일본이 가장 높았고 중국이 가장 낮았다. 건강에 비해 외모를 중시하는 경향은 한국이 일본과 중국에 비해 높았고, 타인의 관점에서 자신의 신체를 평가하는 경향은 한국과 일본이 중국보다 높았다. 신체의 외모나 건강의 사회적 유용성에 대해서는 한국이 가장 높게 지각하고 있었고, 일본과 중국의 순이었다. 한국 여대생은 외모존중감은 가장 높고 건강존중감은 가장 낮은 반면, 일본 여대생은 건강존중감이 가장 높고 외모존중감과 체중존중감은 가장 낮았다. 중국 여대생은 체중존중감이 가장 높았다. 네 가지 신체 가치는 외모와 체중존중감과는 유의한 상관이 있었으나, 건강존중감과는 아무런 상관이 없었다. 연구결과의 함의를 논의하고 향후연구의 필요성을 제안하였다.

• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.301-327
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• 2012

본 연구는 한국과 중국, 일본 남녀 대학생들의 신체가치관과 신체이미지를 비교하기 위한 것이다. 이를 위해 한국(n=347), 중국(n=341), 일본(n=271)의 남녀 대학생을 대상으로 신체에 대한 가치관인 신체조작성, 신체편향성, 신체평가소재, 외모도구성과 객체화 신체의식 그리고 신체존중감을 조사하였다. 분석결과, 신체가치관과 객체화 신체의식, 외모존중감에서 국가간 차이가 있었다. 한국대학생들은 신체에 대한 자의적 조작에 가장 허용적이며, 건강보다는 외모를 중요한 것으로 믿으며, 자신의 신체를 타인의 관점에서 평가하며, 외모가 이성관계나 사회적 성취에서 도구적 기능을 하는 것으로 믿는 정도가 일본이나 중국대학생에 비해 높아서 삼국 중 가장 덜 보수적인 신체가치관을 가지고 있었다. 외모존중감은 중국대학생과 비슷한 수준이지만 일본대학생에 비해 높았다. 자신의 신체에 대한 감시성과 수치심은 일본대학생과 비슷한 수준이었지만 중국대학생에 비해서는 높았다. 성별 차이에 관해, 여대생은 남대생에 비해 상대적으로 건강에 비해 외모를 더 중요한 것으로 믿고 있으며, 외모존중감이 더 낮으며, 감시성이나 수치심도 더 높은 것으로 나타나서 신체가치관에서는 큰 차이가 없지만, 외모존중감이나 객체화신체의식은 더 부정적인 것으로 나타났다. 집단별로 볼 때, 한국여대생은 신체가치관은 가장 덜 보수적이었으며, 외모존중감과 객체화 신체의식은 중국여대생과 일본여대생의 중간수준이었다. 일본여대생은 특히 외모존중감이 가장 낮고 신체에 대한 감시성과 수치심이 가장 높아서 가장 부정적인 신체경험을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 중국여대생은 가장 보수적인 신체가치관을 가지고 있으며 외모존중감이 한국과 일본여대생에 비해 높고 감시성이나 수치심은 가장 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 중국과 일본표본에서 신체가치관은 객체화 신체의식의 매개과정을 통해 외모존중감에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으나, 한국표본에서는 신체가치관이 외모존중감에 직접적인 영향도 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.583-595
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• 2013

In the women's clothing industry that targets middle aged-women, there is increased interest on middle-aged women and their appearance management and diet. It is believed that the body type of middle-aged women is becoming thinner. This study examines if middle-aged women body types have changed based on data from the $5^{th}$ and $6^{th}$ Size Korea that objectively analyzed the aspects of middle-aged women's body size change and the related fashion industry that recognize changes in middle-aged women body types by suggesting foundational data for clothing designs. According to research results, middle-aged women's body type shows an increase in items related to height and that measurement values related to obesity (such as weight and BMI index) tend to decrease. Height has increased and weight has decreased compared to the past. Most items related to width or depth tend to show decreased values and we can assume that the present middle-aged women's body type is changing more dynamically than before. It will be possible to design proper clothes for consumer body type and trends if we design clothes that afford multilateral attention to the patterns, design, or material in clothing design by applying the aspects of middle-aged women's body size and body type change.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.168-172
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• 2000

Prostatic length and height on sagittal images and prostatic width and height on transverse images were measured ultrasonographically to establish upper limit of the prostate in 45 dogs which were clinically healthy and sexuallly intact. Linear 5regression and correlatin analysis were performed between prostatic parameters(length and height on sagittal images & width and height on transverse images) and parameters related to body size(body weight, left kidney length) and age of the dogs. Prostatic parameters were significantly correlated with body size and age of the dogs. Maximum predicted values with body weight and age for prostatic parameters were determined based o the upper limit of the 95% confidence interval of the mean predicted values. Such values should be useful for the small animal clinicians in determining if the prostate gland is too large for a given body weight and age, and may contribute to clinicl signs.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.379-390
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• 2005

Every Society has it's own ideology and lifestyle and these form its unique aesthetic experience or values. In the paper observing recent, especially in 1980s and 1990s. Korean street fashion that is one way of expressing their values and lifestyle, the aesthetic values related to the morality have been studied. Through the studies using the cafes of Korean street fashion style we can understand the change of morality and fashion style according to the change of socio-cultural environments more deeply. For study methods documentary study and case study were executed. Morality related clothing were defined in detail through documentary studies and for analysis of street fashion from 1980s and 1990s the cases from 'Mut' and 'Ceci' magazines as well as the articles from Chosunilbo, Dongailbo and Maeilkyungje were looked over one by one. By understanding the intrinsic meanings and formal features of resent Korean street fashion, the direction for future fashion designing could be guided, which could satisfy consumers' needs in the rapidly changing world situation. Followings are the results of the study. First, morality of clothing could be defined in detail regarding modesty and extravagance. Modesty could be directly related to exposure of body and norms for appearances and extravagance to fashion oriented, luxury goods or brand name oriented and spending. Second, the exposing body has been accepted and permitted by public even with criticism more easily but they were less generous to values about norms regarding clothing. Third, the change of morality related to modest has happened earlier than the change of morality related to extravagance, which has begun very recently in 2000s.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.58-65
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• 1991

The effect of habitual alcohol consumption on the nutrient intake. body weight and serum values were studied in 194 upper middle class men aged 35-55yr. living in Seoul. Each subject was interviewed to get information of alcohol and nutrients intake. Blood samples were taken. Mean values for each variable were compared by fertile of alcohol intake. The average alcohol consumption of the subject was 32.2g/day. Most of times foods were taken along with drinks. The subjects preferred food items such as meat. fish, nuts. dry fishes when they drink. High alcohol consumers had a significantly higher intake of calorie. protein, fat. Fe, and riboflavin compared to nondrinkers and moderate drinkers. Body weight was significantly higher in high alcohol drinkers followed by moderate and nondrinker groups. They also showed the higher serum values of triglyceride and r-GTP. High alcohol consumption resulted in an increased intakes of most nutrients especially calorie and fat which leads to higher body weight and higher serum concentrations of triglyceride and r-GTP. Therefore it seems that heavy alcohol drinkers are more prone to obesity and related chronic diseases.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.15-33
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• 2016

Women in their 30s and 40s, who are at the center of "ageless" and "down-aging" consumer trends, are likely to encounter problems with fitting and size conformity when they wear casual clothes targeting women in their 20s. Hence, differences in upper body sizes and body types between women in their 20s and women in their 30s and 40s were analyzed. The data for this study was from the 6th Size Korea survey of body measurements of 1,675 female adults in their 20s-40s. SPSS 21.0 for Windows was used for analysis of the collected data. To examine differences in average upper body size between women in their 20s and women in their 30s and 40s, descriptive statistics and independent sample t-tests were conducted. Factor and cluster analyses were used to classify body types by age groups. Comparing direct measurement items showed that women in their 20s tend to have higher average values for most height-related items-including body height-and lower average values for circumference, thickness, and width than women in their 30s and 40s. Factors in determining the upper body shapes of women in their 20s to 40s were narrowed to five; through a cluster analysis, upper body shapes of women were classified into three body types as follows. Type 1 women are shorter and thinner with small frames; Type 2 women have the highest vertical values for their upper bodies and average values for obesity-related categories of circumference, thickness, and width. Type 3 women are the shortest and has the highest body mass index (BMI), verifiable as obese. By analyzing differences in body type distribution according to age groups, it was found that more than 90% of women in their 20s belong to Types 1 and 2. On the other hand, most women in their 30s and 40s are identified as Type 3.