• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.149-166
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• 2021

This study tried to suggest a drafting method to draft tight fit torso patterns suitable for adult males with a sway back somatotype and a bend forward somatotype by setting and distributing the ease through the completion of the somatic surface pattern using the 3D body surface segment method. It was intended to be presented as a drafting method. As for the research method, the suitability of the somatic surface patterns and the tight fit torso patterns were confirmed by the evaluation of virtual wear, and the patterns were modified and supplemented. The research results are as follows. In the first evaluation of the tight fit torso patterns, the average, for 55 evaluation items, was 3.92 points for the sway back somatotype and 3.89 points for the bend forward somatotype. In the second evaluation, the bend forward somatotype was 4.51 points and the sway back somatotype was 4.62 points. The chest circumference ease amount for the bend forward somatotype and the sway back somatotype are 6.5% (6.8 cm) and 7% (6.8 cm) of the chest circumference, respectively, and the distribution of the front and back ease is the same at 4:6 (2.72 cm:4.08 cm). The waist circumference ease amount is 6.5% (5.8cm) and 6.5% (5.6 cm) of the waist circumference dimensions, and the distribution of the front and backease are 5:5 (1.45 cm: 1.45 cm) and 4:6 (2.24 cm: 3.36 cm), respectively. The completed tight fit torso patterns were converted into institutional formulas and presented as a drafting method.

• 복식
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• 제54권8호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2004

The aim of this study is to provide fundamental data on the development of ready-to-wear clothing appropriate for the lower body types of male students who play sports in college. The study was conducted by means of targeting 151 male sports majors between $18{\sim}27$ years of age. Characteristics of the respondents were ascertained by means of questionnaires and an evaluation of a total of 36 lower body features. The results of the study are as follows. 1. A comparison of anthropometric measurements with the National Anthropometric Survey of Korea (1997) revealed that the main characteristics of the lower somatotypes of male sports college students are large circumferences and developed muscles of the lower body. 2. Sports were classified into the following five categories : soccer, bodybuilding, wrestling, judo, and taekwondo. In particular, bodybuilding students demonstrated a somatotype with an increased circumference, depth, and width of the thigh and lower body. 3. Somatotypes were classified into 3 types by means of a cluster analysis employing S factors. Type 1 somatotype exhibits a large circumference in the lower body. Type 2 is a lower somatotype of a middle size. Finally, Type 3 encompasses a smaller group in weight and circumference with a developed calf and ankle. 4. Each group was evaluated using a discriminatory analysis as a check to see if the groups had been discriminated with accuracy. The total accuracy rate was 96.0%.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.27-37
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• 2003

This study is the first part of the research to reveal the effects of somatotype characteristics on body temperature control reaction as well as thermal sensation. Nine healthy female collegians (classified into 3 body types of thin, normal, and obese according to Rohrer index) living in Busan were chosen as the subjects. The following are the results: Significant differences of skin temperature appeared in the parts of epigastrium (thin/normal>obese), anterior forearm (normal>thin/obese), and anterior leg (obese > thin/normal) as well as mean skin temperature. Mean skin temperature temporarily dropped owing to the exercise but tended to recover as time went by. Skin temperature of normal/thin shows higher than obese type. The change of skin temperature was noticed in the order of forehead > epigastrium > anterior forearm > anterior leg > anterior thigh (obese type) ; epigastrium > forehead > anterior forearm > anterior thigh > anterior leg (normal type) ; epigastrium > forehead > anterior forearm > anterior thigh > anterior leg (thin type, before and after exercise); epigastrium > forehead > anterior forearm > anterior leg > anterior thigh (thin type, during exercise). Significant differences were shown in the temperature change inside clothes according to somatotypes. No significant differences were revealed in thermal sensation, moisture sensation, and comfortable sensation according to body types and time.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.591-599
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• 2016

This study analyzes the somatotype of tall stature Korean women's lower body for proper slack patterns. The study subjects consist of 350 statures over 165cm in 18-59 aged women's of Size Korea 2010. Descriptive statistics, factor analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA, Duncan test were used for analysis using SPSS 19.0. The result are as follows: Factor 1 was the horizontal dimension of waist and hip, factor 2 was the vertical dimension of lower body, factor 3 was the horizontal dimension of the lower limbs, factor 4 was the crotch length, and factor 5 was the horizontal dimension of hip. The lower body was divided into 3 types based on analysis of the above factors. Type 1 (46.6%) represented stout type with a thick and medium length of crotch and leg. Type 2 (22.7%) represented a curve type from waist to hip with long crotch length, while short and thin leg. Type 3 (30.7%) was referred as slender type, with short crotch length, while long and thin leg.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.1571-1575
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of somatotype on the $VO_2max$ and hormone (adrenaline and noradrenaline) during treadmill walking. Forty healthy men participated and were randomized to four groups: Male 1 (M1) group, Male 2 (M2) group, Male 3 (M3) group, and Male 4 (M4) group. M4 group is the largest body type, and M1 group is the smaller the body type. Participants walked at a speed of 3.5 km/h for five minutes at an incline angle of $0^{\circ}$, $5^{\circ}$, and $10^{\circ}$ in the treadmill. Maximum oxygen consumption and hormone (adrenaline and noradrenaline) were measured. In the results, $VO_2max$ has significantly increased according to the degree of the treadmill inclination, and M4 group (larger body type) consumed more oxygen than the M1 group (smaller body type). In the hormone, there was a significant increase in adrenaline concentration after walking in all groups, and there was a significant difference in M1-M4, M2-M4 and M3-M4. The noradrenaline concentration significantly increased after treadmill gait in all groups, and there was no significant difference in noradrenaline between groups. This study suggests that the larger body type consumes more oxygen during walking, and treadmill walking contributes to an increase in the concentration of adrenaline and noradrenaline.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.221-228
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to compare somatotypes from various classification methods, to analyze the interrelation among each somatotype or each high frequency type, and to suggest the basis to interpret body size and shape more accurately. As a sample, the subjects were 97 Korean females between 18 and 24 years old. They were measured both anthropometric and photographic measuring in November, 1999. Their somatotypes were classified by three kinds of classification methods. The first method was based on the lateral view of body, the second involved Factor and Cluster analysis with the photographic measurements of anterior and lateral body, and the third involved Factor and Cluster analysis with the anthropometric measurements of whole body. The upper body was classified into three types, and the lower body was classified into 6 types from the lateral view of body. The bend-forward/q-2 was found to be the 'High-frequency type from the lateral view of body', and the Straight/n-1 was found to be the 'Straight type from the lateral view of body'. From the classification by the analysis of photographic measurements, the anterior body was classified into three types, the lateral was classified into 4 types. The X/${\varepsilon}$ type was found to be the 'High-frequency type from the analysis of photographic measurements of anterior and lateral body'. From the classification by the analysis of anthropometric measurements, the whole body was classified into three types. The i type was found to be the 'High-frequency type from the analysis of anthropometric measurements of whole body'. The significant interrelation was certified among some somatotypes or some High-frequency types. We found that both the view of body and the statistical analysis would make the clear definition of each somatotype possible. In order to certify the representativeness of High-frequency type, further analysis would be required of subjects who were in the High-frequency type and their body parts were in the High-frequency range.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.942-949
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• 2013

This study was performed to investigate purchasing practice and size satisfaction in order to offer basic data to establish marketing strategy and produce ready-made clothes for the male college students according to their body type. For data analysis, crosstabs, factor analysis and one-way ANOVA were used. Results were as follows; first, this study considered the somatotype distribution of male college students. The results showed that inverted triangle -shaped torso was the ideal somatotype in all the classified four actual somatotypes. Second, people in standard body types significantly considered price and appearance such as design, color, pattern and price while people in triangle-shaped torso placed the most importance in the practicality and wearability. People with inverted triangle-shaped torso was found to significantly consider the perceptual quality such as brand, a/s and fashion. Third, this study considered the wearing satisfaction of ready-to-wear. The respondents placed more emphasis on the practicality and wearability as their actual somatotypes were not ideal for them. Fourth, the examination of the difference in size fitness depending on clothing by somatotype when wearing ready-to-wear showed that breast on the top was small when wearing it in the remaining somatotypes except for standard somatotype. The upper body showed better size fitness in triangle-shaped torso. There is a difference in fitness according to somatotypes classified by the form factors even though they have the same body mass index.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2009

The purpose of this research is to understand the physiological characteristics of muscular men between the ages of 20 and 34 years who are distinct from the general population due to their muscular development, and to categorize them according to upper body somatotypes. This research was conducted in order to provide basic data necessary for developing clothing products for muscular men. The research method and results were as follows: 1. The study carried out factor analysis with the body measuring value of 168 muscular men according to the body classification method of Sheldon and Heath-Carter. The study materialized muscular men's lower body types statistically by carrying out cluster analysis, regarding scores of each factor extracted from the factor analysis as an independent variable. The study also carried out discriminant analysis with the results of cluster analysis classified so that morphological characters of each type were remarkably distinguished. 2. As the results of factor analysis, the study set up number of factors as three. Factor 1 occupied 38.149% of the total variables as a size factor of the lower body. Factor 2 occupied 20.417% of the total variables as a height and length factor of the lower body. Factor 3 occupied 8.466% of the total variables as a length factor of the hip. 3. The study classified the lower body type into three types and the characteristics by each type were as follows. Type 1 was a group with the best developed muscle in the lower of the body, considering that a size of their lower bodies was the largest. Type 2 was well-balanced muscular males though a size of the lower body was smaller than other types. This type didn't have fatness of the abdomen and large hips. Type 3 was a body type that the length from the waist to the hip was long. 4. As the results of carrying out discriminant analysis to distinguish muscular men's lower body types, the discriminant accuracy was 86.3% over all in the lower bodies.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.529-534
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• 2012

An analysis of adult women's somatotypes classified by drop values can provide important preliminary data in determining standard clothing sizes for mass production of ready-made clothes. This is because the values are based on measurements of girth, which is essential information in the size-setting process. Adult women's body types are classified according to drop values in a standard clothing size system adopted by Korea and several other countries. This study aims to identify somatotype characteristics of adult women aged 20 to 69 by using five types of drop values: bust-waist, hip-waist, hip-bust, abdomen-waist, and hip-abdomen. Statistical cluster analysis of collected data revealed four somatotypes among adult women. Type R, with a developed lower body, accounted for 36.6%, and its bodyline was found to be closest to the average adult woman. Type X, constituting 25.4%, had the curviest contours of all and relatively large hip measurements, with the thinnest figure. Flat abdomen and hips characterized type Y, which accounted for 18.9%. Lastly, 19.0% fell into type H, the most obese figure, in which abdomen girth exceeded hip measurements. Since type H has excess fat deposits in the abdomen, not only hip measurements but also abdomen girth should be considered when designing top longer than torso-length and bottoms.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.1227-1235
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to classify the somatotype based on the side view and to analyze the characteristics of each somatotype. In order to reduce the burden of stocks and increase clothing fitness, systematic information on typical body sizes and somatotypes is essential. The subjects were 206 unmarried women aged from 19-29. Data were collected through anthropometry and photometry and analyzed by factor analysis, cluster analysis and analysis of variance. As the result of factor analysis for the classification of somatotypes, 8 factors which explain 74.7% of variance were extracted from 35 photometric and 17 anthrometric data. Using factor scores cluster analysis was carried out and the subjects were classified into 4 cluster.Each cluster was classified as bending type, swayback, turning over type and straight type accordding to its position to the relativeplumb line and their side view contour.