• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2021.10a
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• pp.439-441
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• 2021

The number of bedsores patients is increasing every year due to the aging society, and the importance of bedsores management is emerging as a burden on nurses due to the pandemic situation of COVID-19. Curses are a disease that causes ulcers due to floating posture, and it is a disease that is burdensome for nurses to periodically change their body position. Therefore, this study proposes a system that can reduce the burden on nurses by detecting the risk of inducing bedsores and monitoring the status of calls in real time. Through this system, it will be possible to increase nursing work by solving the difficulties of nursing in the bedsores of nurses.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.455-467
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• 2020

Shape design optimization for Blended-wing-body Underwater Gliders (BWBUGs) is usually computationally expensive. In our previous work, a simplified shape optimization (SSO) strategy is proposed to alleviate the computational burden, which optimizes some of the Sectional Airfoils (SAs) instead of optimizing the 3-D shape of the BWBUG directly. Test results show that SSO can obtain a good result at a much smaller computational cost when three SAs are adopted. In this paper, the performance of SSO is investigated with a different number of SAs selected from the BWBUG, and the results are compared with that of the Direct Shape Optimization (DSO) strategy. Results indicate that SSO tends to perform better with more SAs or even outperforms the DSO strategy in some cases, and the amount of saved computational cost also increases when more SAs are adopted, which provides some reference significance and enlarges the applicability range of SSO.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.93-110
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• 2019

This study surveyed 129 librarians of public libraries in the northwestern region of Seoul to identify harmful factors under the assumption that the work and environmental factors of them would burden their musculoskeletal system and influence their work satisfaction. The results of this study showed that the musculoskeletal symptoms in the shoulder, one of the general items, were more frequently observed in women than in men. Secondly, the musculoskeletal symptoms in the arms and elbows, one of the working environment characteristics, were most frequently reported when they worked more than one year and less than three years. The musculoskeletal symptoms in the waist were influenced by the operation method; the librarians of public libraries entrusted to the Office of Education or a local government showed symptoms more frequently. The musculoskeletal symptoms in the neck were affected by working hours; librarians working in the day shift showed neck symptoms more frequently than those working in the night shift. Thirdly, when the characteristics of the work environment were examined, the musculoskeletal symptoms in the hands, wrists, and fingers were highly frequent under all characteristics of the work environment, the musculoskeletal symptoms in the waist were highly frequent under all characteristics of the work environment except for work satisfaction, and the musculoskeletal symptoms in the legs and feet were highly frequent according to the proficiency, work intensity, and physical burden. Fourthly, this study evaluated the differences in musculoskeletal symptoms according to the work satisfaction of individuals. The results revealed that the occurrence frequency of musculoskeletal symptoms for all body parts decreased as work satisfaction increased. Therefore, it will be necessary for the main body of public library operation to improve the work and working environments and enhance the work satisfaction of individuals by reducing the physical burden of the librarian of public libraries through adjusting the work intensity in order for the health of the librarian of public libraries.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.74-84
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to investigate a plan of middle/high school foodservice systems which could properly provide nutrition for juveniles' health. Questionnaires were developed and distributed to: 245 middle schools with 271 parents, 328 students, 180 teachers, and 345 administrators; 163 high-schools with 223 parents, 466 students, 179 teachers, and 163 administrators in Seoul and Kyunggi province. The results of this study were as followed. For the desirable feeding type as in-school meal plan, 62.2% responded to the current elementary school feeing type:10.3% responded to a lunch-box prepared at home; and 38.0% responded to free dining out type. For a feeding operation type, school administrators, teachers and parents favored the current school feeding systems in elementary schools with proportion of 68.2%, 47.7%, and 87.6% as respectively. Also, 20.3% of school administrators, 22.6% of teachers, and 6.9% of parents preferred contract management. A total of 27.6% of teachers, 9.2% of school administrators, and 3.7% of parents responded to a lunch-box prepared at home. There was a significant difference between the responses for establishing the main body of financial burden to solve the problem of financial burden which could be the most obstacle to bring middle/high school feeding system into operation. For the management of school feeding systems when brought into operation, 88.7% out of 470 responded schools and 89.9% out of 227 responded teachers reported that an expert should manage school feeding systems. For futuristic direction, an effective joint cooking type between schools which may be the way to solve the difficulties in securing the appropriate space and to decrease the financial burden, the problem of transportation for delivering feeding products, low quality of feeding, and sanitation can occur. Therefore, the distance between schools which operate a joint cooking system will affect as a major factor. Furthermore, concrete examination of plans for introduction of various types of school feeding and institutional devices for management system and supervision of operation should become a condition precedent.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.314-322
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• 2003

Objectives : In this study, the exposure status of the hazardous substances from incinerators, such as polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), were studied , and the relationship between the exposure of these hazardous substances and their heath effects on the workers and residents near municipal solid waste (MSW) incinerators and an industrial incinerator investigated. Methods : Between July 2001 and Jure 2002, 13 workers at two MSW incinerators, 16 residents from the area around the two MSW incinerators, 6 residents from the control area, and further 10 residents near an industrial incinerator, estimated to emit higher levels of hazardous substances, were interviewed. Information, including sociodemographic information, personal habits, and work history, detailed gynecologic and other medical history were collected through interviews. Blood samples were also collected from 45 subjects, and analyzed for PCDD/DFs, by high resolution gas chromatography -high resolution mass spectrometry, using the US EPA 1613 method. In addition to the questionnaire survey, urinary concentrations of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured as oxidative injury biomarkers. The urinary concentrations of 8-OH-dG were determined by in vitro ELISA, and the MDA by HPLC, using u adduct with thiobarbituric acid. Results : The PCDD/DFs concentrations in the residents near the industrial incinerator were higher than those in the controls, workers and residents near the MSW incinerators. The average TEQ (Toxic Equivalencies) concentrations of the PCDD/DFs in residents near the industrial incinerator were 53.4pg I-TEQs/g lipid. The estimated daily intakes were within the tolerable daily intake range (1-4 pg I-TEQ/Kg bw/day) suggested by WHO (1997) in only 30% to the people near the industrial incinerator. Animal studies have already shown that even a low body border of PCDD/DFs, such as 10 ng TEQ/kg bw, can cause oxidative damage in laboratory animals. Our study also showed that the same body burden of PCDD/DFs can cause oxidative damage to humans. Conclusions : The exposures to PCDD/DFs and the oxidative stress of residents near the industrial incinerator, were higher than those in the controls, workers and residents near the MSW incinerators. Proper protection strategies against these hazardous chemicals are needed. Because a lower body burden of PCDD/Fs, such as 10ng TEQ/kg bw, can cause oxidative damage, the tolerable daily intake range should be restrictedly limited to 1pg I-TEQ/kg bw/day.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.16-23
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• 1989

To obtain the basic data for protective roles and first-aid of radiation hazard, the present studies were carried out to evaluate the decontamination of radiostrontium by the First-Aid drugs. Each mouse was administered intraperitoneally dose of sodium alginate 5mg, $CaNa_3DTPA$ 8.4mg and saline 5ml following the internal contamination with 1 $\mu$Ci of strontium as $^{85}SrCl_2$. $^{85}Sr$ was determined by the radioactivity of body burden, urinary excretion, fecal excretion and organ distribution by Ge-detector and MCA. The results are summarized as follows. 1. Effective half life on whole body retention $^{85}Sr$ was determined at 33 hours. 2. The decontamination effect of First-Aid durgs on the body $^{85}Sr$ burden were increased $CaNa_3DTPA$ (4.7 times), sodium alginate (1.7 times) and saline (2.4 times) respectively. 3. Strontium were excreted through urine (35.4%), feces (64.4%) and other (0.2%). But on the $^{85}Sr$ excretion routes following First-Aid drugs treatment, strontium-85 mainly were excreted through urine after $CaNa_3DTPA$ and saline treatment, and was excreted through feces after sodium alginate treatment. 4. The organ distribution of strontium-85 is vertebra, femur, sternum and liver in order Finally, the extrapolations from these data to victims were suggested that the rapid administration of $CaNa_3DTPA$, sodium alginate and saline simultaneously were markedly increased the decontamination effects on the internal contamination of radiostrontium.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.282-297
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• 1996

The effective construction for ready-made clothes is one of the central concerns of both consumers and manufactuers in today's apparel industry. In order to reduce the burden of stocks and increase clothing fitness, systematic information on typical body sizes and somatotypes is essential. The purpose of this study i-: to provide basic data on young women's somatotypes for form designers and pattern makers. The subjects of the survey were 310 women of 18 to 26 years old. The study collected 84 anthropometric data for each Person. The data was analyzed by using of the multivariate method. The factor analysis was utilized in regard to the 65 items obtained from anthropometric measurement respectively. The principal component analysis was applied to the data with orthogonal rotation after extraction. The factor scores used in the factor analysis became the basis of determining the value of each variable of the cluster analysis. The cluster analysis was applied for identifying typical somatotypes. Ward's minimum variance method was applied for the purpose of extracting distance metrix by the standardized Euclidean distance. The element forming each cluster can be subdivided into several sets by crosstabulation which is obtained by the fastclus of the SAS. This research has demonstrated 3 distinctive types of silhouette contour of the trunk. Incidentally it also identified 4 of the lower body from the waistline to thigh contour respectively. The discriminant analysis showed that the most significant discriminant factor of the trunk classification were side neck point -1 scapular -1 waistiline length and waist girth. In Korea, the average somatotype of female college students tends to be tall, slim and straight. Reviewing the relationship between the classifications of three parts of body, they are related to each other to some extent but their distribution are not constant. Therefore, in view of clothing construction, a proper separation of the body surface is a necessity.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.472-479
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• 1996

To investigate the effect of dietary lipids and stress on brain catecholamine and serotonin concentration, sixty three weanling male Sprague-Dawley rats(mean body weight$\pm$SD : 171$\pm$3g) were fed a diet containing fish oil, soybean oil or beef tallow and than, each was exposed to three different types of stress, isolated, grouped or cold, respectively. Cold stress seemed to be most severe and living together in a large cage with some playing equipments is more stressful than living alone in a classical small cage evidenced by plasma corticosterone level. Average food intake and body weight gain were not significantly different among exprimental groups. In adrenal catecholamines, norepinephrine was significantly affected by diet and stress and dopamine was by stress. Norepinephrine concentration of the fish oil group was lowest among diet groups. Adrenal epinephrine, however, was not. It was also shown than the cold stress significantly increased the brain norepinephrine concentration. The cold stress significantly induced higher content of brain serotonin than the grouped stress. However, the concentratin of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid(5-HIAA), the metabolite of serotonin, was not significantly different among groups. Therefore, this results suggest that stress affects sympathetic neuronal activity, and fish oil might lighten the burden of stress.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.60-67
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• 1997

CAD systems offer a variety of techniques for designing and rendering models of static 3D objects and even of mechanisms, but relatively few tools exist for interactively specifying arbitrary movements of rigid bodies through space. Such tools are essential, not only for artistic animation, but also, for planning and demonstrating assembly and disassembly procedure of manufactured products. A rigid body motion is a continuous mapping from the time domain to a set of positions. To relieve the designers from the burden of specifying this mapping in abstract mathematical terms, combinations of simple rigid motion primitives, such as linear translations or constant axis rotations, are often used. These simple motions are planar and thus ill-suited for approximating arbitrary motions in 3D-space. Instead, we propose the screw motion primitive, a special combination of linear translations and constant axis rotations, which has a simple geometric representation that can be automatically and unambiguously computed from the starting and ending positions of the moving body. Although, any two positions may be interpolated by an infinity of motions, we chose the screw motion for its relative generality and its computational advantages. The paper covers original algorithms for computing the screw motions from interpolated positions and envelopes of swept regions to predict collisions.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.63-69
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors related to the academic burden on weight loss efforts among adolescents aged 12-18 in Korea. Methods: This study analyzed 29,069 obese adolescents (10.8%) using raw data of the 9th~12th the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey collected from 2013 to 2016. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square and multivariate logistic regression. Results: Weight control efforts were significantly higher among girls, middle school students, those who are participating in nutrition education, and individuals with perceived fatness or perceived stress. Additionally, a long sitting time and high academic performance were found to be variables affecting the weight control efforts of adolescents. Conclusion: Obese adolescents in Korea spent a lot of time in their studies due to their academic burdens and this caused a lack of time to adjust their weight. Therefore, it is needed to establish a policy by considering these social and cultural factors for obese adolescents in Korea.