• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.1042-1055
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to consider the formative characteristics of dance sports from such points of view as shapes, colors, material and decorations, and to examine artistic characteristics that are expressed through those elements. As a result, this study shows five artistic characteristics as follows; First, rhythmic characteristic is expressed with repeat of lines that is formed by pleats, shirring or gather, with duplication of ruffle's wave, with gradation of colors, with Moire-effect that is generated with overlap of see-through material, with glossy material that reflects lights to a great extent, with fringe. Second, bodily characteristic emphasizes the beauty of human bodies through direct or indirect body exposure by way of cut-and-open, see-throughness or close adhesion. Third, decorative characteristic is shown with beads, fringe, ruffle, embroidery, shirring, binding, or feather. Fourth, the beauty of female body is manifested to express eroticism, which is culminated by body exposure, body consciousness, use of illuminating or see-through material or colorful trimming. Finally, elegant characteristic is revealed through feminity, sophistication, and harmony that are expressed with black and white colors, see-through material, or bead trimmings.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.130-137
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• 2003

Water, in a living being, is as essential as the essence derived from food is in maintaining one's life. The concepts are expressed in forms of "food and drink" and "drink-food" in the ${\mathbb{\ulcorner}}Hwangjenakyoung{\mathbb{\lrcorner}}$ and most of the other oriental medicine related references. Following the steps of the human body's metabolism, the water source builds up characteristic formations, such as bodily fluids (blood/perspiration/urine/essence), in each transforming phase according to the nature of the Ki that propels the transformation. Furthermore, each characteristic formations has its' own suitable duties, distinctive features and its field of activation. The vital energy of life is identified as a positive property due its fluidity and its formless nature. In order for this vital energy to come into its own, it needs to weld into one with the material-natured body of the negative property which will embrace the positive property and transform it into body fluid. Water taken into a body will undergo the first activation of Ki, dissolving the Wigi and the Wongi and transforming into the primary body fluid. The delicates among the dissolved Ki will once again go through a transformation in the Jungcho. It will turn into red blood, with influence of the vital function. When the vital energy completes its duties in all parts of the body, it combines with water again and transforms into the secondary bodily fluid. This is when the Takgi gets filtered and the new enriched essence is created.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.141-151
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to classify men in their 20s by their sex role attitudes, and to study their appearance management behavior and inner characteristic variables such as socio-cultural attitudes on appearance and bodily image, which are expected to influence the appearance management behavior of each classified group. For this, a survey of 393 males in the 20s in Seoul and metropolitan areas was conducted. Factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha coefficient, and F-test were conducted on the data. First, as a result of analysis on sex role attitudes, four groups were categorized: Masculinity, Femininity, Androgyny and Undifferentiation. Second, the analysis of individual variables resulted in appearance management behavior being separated into five categories: Interests in fashion, Proper choice of clothing, Importance of bodily attractiveness, Pursuit for personality and Complementation of physical weaknesses. The socio-cultural attitude on 'appearance' was sub-categorized into Internalization, and Awareness, while 'body image' was divided into Cognitive behavioral and Affective aspects. Regarding differences in socio-cultural attitudes for appearance, body image and metro-sexual lifestyle attitudes, the androgyny group produced the highest scores. Based on these results, it can be concluded that people who take care of their physical appearance, cope effectively with social and circumstantial requirements for happiness and success, and respond flexibly and affirmatively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.62 no.3
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• pp.112-119
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• 2012

Dresses reflecting human aesthetic consciousness are used as a way of expressing the inner desire of human beings. The desire to attract the opposite sex through sexual appeal among the human inner desires is the one innate characteristic that all human beings have. We may say that the $See-through$ look emphasizes a sense of softness and femininity by exposing the skin and expresses bodily beauty by way of using see-through cloth. It is a fashion style that can express sexual appeal and eroticism of female most effectively. In this study, after observing the motivation of dress wearing and $See-through$ look in the perspective of bodily concept and eroticism, colors of $See-through$ look shown in the $Pret-a-Porter$ Paris S/S collection from 2006 and 2007, a fashion style expressing eroticism was newly re-analyzed as romanticism and glam look particularly in 60, 80s compared with other times were re-created and evaluated. As a result of analyzing colors of the $See-through$ look, Yellow Red(close to skin color) was revealed to be the highest( 31.3%), followed by Red(9%), Purple Blue(7.2%), Yellow(7.2%), Purple(5.4%), respectively and in terms of color tone, pale and gray tones that have a sense of femininity and softness was revealed to the highest(20%) followed by ltg(11%) and dkg(9%). We may find the meaning of this study in analyzing colors of the $See-through$ look, and the typical look of eroticism, which has never been tried before. It is required to identify chronological color features of the $See-through$ look and the diversified characteristics of skin colors expressed in them to prepare useful data by which a sense of the $See-through$ look can be utilized for color coordination through the relationship between skin tone and dress by pursuing a more detailed method based on the result of this study.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.29 no.5 s.142
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• pp.626-636
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• 2005

These days. the representative fashion image is sexy look. Hence, a bodily exposure phenomenon has been spread by the effect of minimal fashion. In terms of this trend, the body make-up art such as the temporary painting have the painting dyeing the surface of skin has the characteristic naturally decolorized. It is different from tattoo pricking the skin with dyes. Especially, Henna among the temporary painting has been used to represent the individual characteristic for a long time. However, the research of henna pattern related to fashion images and korean traditional patterns has never been developed before within the country. In the research, we developed Korean Henna design through the application of Korean traditional patterns. First of all, a fashion image was classified as five parts (romantic, sexy, eligant, modem and casual) adopted by relebvant experts.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.128-132
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• 2004

Researches for sex consist feminism which manage academically, also variously in the fields of medicine, psychology, politics, society, philosophy, culture research etc. Moreover, sex has become that can no fall in art, dancing, fashion, literature, play movie, mass media, all art fields. About the proposition of sex, even the intellectuals tended to consider sexual love and bodily problem of sexual desire until the mid-20th century. Nevertheless, passing over physical function, man and woman, society, cultural situation and the various concept which contains the differences finally clearly have come in 21th century. Therefore, on this study, find out the relationship between interior design and sexuality and sexual expressional type. Also, through analyzing aspects which is expressed in popular culture, clear new interior design under the concept and characteristic of sexuality.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.131-138
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• 2008

This research is on a seating posture happening at a chair in a cinema and looked into various changes in a posture through the analysis of bodily movement in a established space like a cinema. Through the behavioral analysis of a seating posture in a limited space, each behavioral characteristic shown by a male and female and interdependent relations with a limited space were grasped. The conclusion through the above research work was as follows: 1) This research suggested a frame of analysis by dividing a seating posture into the side and upper part and was able to analyze its subsequent change characteristic of a seating posture by a male and female. 2) As for the side posture, a male was found to change fewer postures than a female, but as for the upper posture, there appeared a high frequency in posture change in case of a female. 3) As for time of staying in the side posture, a female was found to keep up a specific posture, and relatively a male changes his postures frequently while appreciating a movie; likely, as for the upper posture, it was found out that there existed a difference between the preference for the upper posture and time to keep it up. 4) A male and female were establishing a comfortable environment through their change in a posture, and there appeared changes in a posture the most within every 10 minutes in both the side and upper part postures. 5) As for the correlation between a initial posture and keep-up posture, it was found that a male tend to pursue a comfortable posture as time goes by, while a female kept up a comfortable one from her initial seating posture.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.207-218
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• 2015

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of Gam-ki (double-arm winding) depending on the emotion being expressed. Gam-ki is one of the basic movements of Korean traditional dance. Method : We selected three Korean traditional dancers who belong to National Dance Company of Korea. They were asked to express four different emotions (anger, joy, sadness, and neutral) while performing Gam-ki. We analyzed elapsed time and time ratio, size of movement, ground reaction forces and ground impulses. Results : During Gam-ki the elapsed time for each phase as well as for one cycle was longest when "sadness" was expressed then followed by "neutral" and then "angry" and "joy." Except for the ankle in/eversion, the ROMs of the lower limb joints seem not to be an emotion-characteristic factor. The ROMs of the upper limb joints were largest when "anger" was expressed. Neck rotation is associated with expressing negative emotions ("angry" and "sadness"). For medial-lateral GRF "angry"> "joy" > "neutral" > "sadness" was in order. Therefore, it can be regarded as a factor indicating the activity of the emotion.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.11-21
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• 2006

The 7-zone-diagnostic system(ABR-2000, BIO MEDIC 700Plus, CP-6000A, OMD 3000, VEGA-DFM 722) is a diagnostic device which applies pulse signals to predetermined bodily locations. Applying alternating positive and negative stress to tissues with positive and negative pulses first manifests itself as negative and positive wave forms. This system make a diagnosis of functional disorder or some typical organic diseases include stress of the mind or the body, and the energetic situation, reserves. We are known a disorder or disease throw the result charts. And these result represents various characteristic signals are assisted diagnosis and care. These result chart contains disorder flow wave forms and some valuable diagnostic hints or marks. But we have several various products for the 7-zone-diagnostic system. I think that we need the comparative analysis of the general rule and the decipher for each equipment. Because these letters(marks) each product are different, we necessary various plentiful research and suitable statistics in these points. And we must carry out many various research in the future.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.1929-1932
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• 2005

We investigated the activities of autonomic nervous system during foot bathing. The effect of foot bathing was evaluated for four subjects by observing the characteristic of heart rate variability and bodily temperatures. The foot bathing was done with a commercial foot spa (Duches Co.) utilizing the four functional modes of the spa for two different temperatures of $35^{\circ}C\;and\;40^{\circ}C$. The four functional modes were clam, vibration, air bubbles, and both vibration and air bubbles. The experimental results showed that the temperature of foot and that of face right after foot bathing were not that different from each other. But, for heart rate variability, the activation of parasympathetic nerve showed distinctive increase at $40^{\circ}C$ of water temperature. In the analysis of heart rate variability for different functional modes, the change was not distinctive for different modes at $35^{\circ}$ of water temperature. However, at $40^{\circ}C$, the activation of sympathetic nerve showed distinctive increases with the increase in the complexity of functional modes.