• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.20-25
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• 2006

Objective : The authors analyze prospectively the result of transcranial doppler[TCD] in normal pressure hydrocephalus and compared its cerebral blood flow parameters to radionuclide cerebrospinal fluid[CSF] flow study, postoperative brain computed tomography[CT] findings and clinical outcome, and studied the relationship between cerebral hemodynamics and clinical performance. Methods : Twenty five patients with hydrocephalus undertook pre- and post-operative TCD but only preoperative CSF flow study was performed. Mean flow velocity[Vm], pulsatility index[PI] and resistance index[RI] were assessed through TCD and changes in ventricle size and cortical gyral atrophy were checked through brain CT. Results : Postoperative hydrocephalus showed an increase in Vm[ACA P=0.037, MCA P=0.034], decrease in PI[ACA P=0.019, MCA P=0.017] and decrease in RI [ACA P=0.017, MCA P=0.021] compared to preoperative TCD parameters in the postoperative improvement group. In the postoperative improvement group, postoperative TCD parameters correlated with CSF flow study grade [Vm : $R^2=-0.75$, PI : $R^2=0.86$, RI : $R^2=0.78$] and ventriculocranial ratio change correlated with PI change [$R^2=0.73$]. The convexity gyral atrophy and initial TCD parameters showed close relationship to outcome. Conclusion : PI and RI can be used as an indicator of post operative prognosis, and with the addition of CSF flow study values, can also be used as a tool to predict pre-op and post-op patient status and successful shunt surgery.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.34 no.12
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• pp.1893-1899
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• 2010

A foxtail moves forward on a flat surface when pushed by a vertical force. The distance moved by the foxtail depends on the degree of deformation. We experimentally investigated the main parameters that influence the distance moved while varying the pushing force, area, and velocity. We then fabricated a nylon barb that mimics the foxtail barb and performed theoretical and experimental analyses of the displacement according to the acting force and the deflection. In addition, we investigated the relation between the displacement and the angle of a foxtail-like robot's leg by varying the clearance between the robot body and the inner surface of the pipe. To find the design parameters of the barb of the robot for tubular-type digestive organs and blood vessels, we studied the relation between the acting force and the elastic modulus while varying the leg diameter.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.513-517
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• 2001

Objective : Recently many studies of herbal medication to promote growth have been implemented. The purpose of this study was to identify the feasibility and safety of herbal medication on short stature. Methods : 143 patients(87 males, 56 Females)who visited with short stature at Kangnam CHA Oriental Hospital From February 1999 to January 2000 and were treated during 6 months, were available for this study. We treated with 5 herbal medications.(Soeumin hyangbujapalmultang-gagambang, Soyangin yukmijihwangtang-gagambang, Taeumin chungsimyunjatang-gagambang, Boa-tang, Boikyangwi tang) At the begining of the treatment and after 6 months treatment, We measured height, weight and body mass index(BMI). And we investigated changes of aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alanine aminotransferase(ALT), blood urea nitrogen(BUN), alkaline phosphatase(ALP), creatinine. Results: The distribution of ages was from 5 years old to 17 years old. After herbal treatment, mean height, mean weight, mean BMI and mean percentile grade increased $138.5{\pm}15.6$ to $141.9{\pm}15.1$, from $36.9{\pm}13.2$ to $38.9{\pm}13.2$, from $18.5{\pm}3.29$ to $18.7{\pm}3.21$, from $3.2{\pm}1.2$ to $3.4{\pm}1.2$. The contents of AST, ALT, BUN, ALP and Creatinine were not showed any significant change. Conclusions : In the results We recognized Short stature was showed prominent feasibility and safety of herbal medication. Herbal Medication in patients with short stature will improve height velocity without liver and kidney function disorders.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.357-365
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• 2010

Workers in the agricultural industry have been exposed to many work-related musculoskeletal disorders. So, our objectives in this study were to measure and analyze worker's physiological bio-information to reduce musculoskeletal disorders in relation to agricultural works. We investigated worker's bio-information of physiological signals during the repeated lifting work such as body temperature, heart rate, blood pressure, physical activity, and heart rate variability. Moreover, we analyzed the workloads of lumbar spine during the repeated lifting work using the 3-axis acceleration and angular velocity sensors. The changes of body temperature was not significant, but the mean heart rate increased from 90/min to 116/min significantly during 30 min of repeated lifting work (p<0.05). The average worker's physical activity(energy consumption rate) was 206 kcal/70kg/h during the repeated lifting work. The workers' acute stress index was more than 80, which indicated a stressful work. Also, the maximum shear force on the disk (L5/S1) of a worker's lumbar spine in static state was 500N, and the maximum inertia moment was 139 $N{\cdot}m$ in dynamic state.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.71-82
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• 2013

Arterial stiffness(AS) is an important pathologic state of vascular injury. This study was carried out to elucidate the effect of physiological variables on brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity(BAPWV), index of AS. Four hundred adults(volunteers) participated in this study. Body indices, biochemical, cardiac and inflammatory markers, and right(Rt)- and left(Lt)-BAPWV were measured. Body mass index(BMI), Rt- and Lt-BAPWV, glucose, triglyceride, alkaline phosphatase(ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase(GGT), creatinine, uric acid, troponin-I(TNI), NT-proBNP and high sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP) levels were higher than the reference value of each variable. Rt- and Lt-BAPWV were directly correlated with age, body weight, BMI, glucose, ketone, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, ALP, GGT, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, lipoprotein(a), apolipoprotein-B, blood urea nitrogen, heart rate, TNI, creatine kinase, CK-MB, lactic dehydrogenase, myoglobin, hs-CRP, lipase, reumatoid factor, fibrinogen and D-dimer (P<0.05, P<0.01, P<0.001 or P<0.000, respectively), but inversely associated with total bilirubin, uric acid, apolipoprotein-A1 and GFR (P<0.05). These observations suggest that a variety of physiological variables may influence BAPWV, resulting in increased risk or prevention of cardiovascular and/or cerebrovascular attacks. Therefore, physiological variables affecting BAPWV should be regularly controlled.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.77-93
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• 2017

Objectives : Clear and detailed analysis on Pulse-taking on both Carotid and Wrist Pulses is an absolute prerequisite if it is to be applied in real practice or its practical value proven. Methods : The original notes found in Suwen and Lingshu, their translations, and conventional studies regarding Suwen LiuJieCangXiangLun's Pulse-taking are compared and analyzed to find cases within medical texts where this method was used and to get an idea of the direction taken by the conventional study. Results : The ilsung, esung, samsung, and sasung of Carotid (or wrist pulses) refers that the pulse is one-, two-, three-, four-fold in differences. Refrainment should be practiced while comparing carotid and wrist pulses. Rather, they need to be compared with their normal states. Used by Luo Tianyi in Ming Dunasty, this method of pulse-taking was used for (radial artery) when diagnosing and treating the degree of seriousness of food injury. The measurement of maximum blood flow velocity using TCD done recently proved the validity of this pulse-taking, and it's been used for alleviating hypertension or tinnitus through acupuncture, or abating intractable diseases (around carotid). Conclusions : The obscurity of the measuring method of this pulse-taking can be resolved, and the problem which occurs while comparing carotid and wrist pulses can be solved. Even though there are differences in opinion regarding the positions when comparing the two pulses, their practical values are acknowledged since their usages in diagnosis, treatments, experiments, and researches have yielded positive results to a degree. They may not be used that often, but they are nonetheless under utilization.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.347-354
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• 2006

Objective : We evaluate the role of multislice computerized tomographic angiography[MCTA] in the diagnosis of intracranial vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage[SAH] in patients suspected of having vasospasm on clinical ground. Methods : Between October 2003 and June 2005, patients with ruptured cerebral aneurysms of the anterior circulation clipped within 3 days of the onset were included. We performed follow-up MCTAs in patients who were suspected to have vasospasm on transcranial doppler sonography[TCD] findings and clinical grounds. Based on the clinical presentation of symptomatic vasospasm, we investigated the correlation between clinical, TCD, and MCTA signs of vasospasm and evaluated the role of MCTA in vasospasm. Results : One hundred one patients met the inclusion criteria and symptomatic vasospasm developed in 25 patients [24.8%]. We performed follow-up MCTAs in 28 patients. MCTA revealed spasm in the vessels of 26 patients. The sensitivity of MCTA was 100%. Among the 26 patients with MCTA evidence of vasospasm, 3 patients had TCD signs of vasospasm after symptomatic vasospasm presentation. Another 3 patients with symptomatic vasospasm had no TCD signs of vasospasm in daily serial recordings. Six other patients without symptomatic vasospasm showed MCTA evidence of vasospasm [false positive result] but these patients had also positive TCD signs of vasospasm. Volume rendering[VR] images tended to show significantly more exaggerated vasospasm than maximum intensity projection[MIP] images. The mean cerebral blood flow velocity of both proximal segment of the middle cerebral artery [M1] was significantly correlated with each reduced M1 diameter on MCTA [P<005]. Conclusion : MCTA could be a useful tool for evaluation and planning management of critically ill patients suspected of having vasospasm; however, more randomized controlled trials are necessary to assess these points definitively.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.145-149
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• 2003

Color Doppler imaging(CDI) was carried out to determine CDI-derived resistive index(RI) values of normal canine ophthalmic vasculature and its reproducibility. CDI was performed on 58 dogs. and normal ranges of RI value were calculated for the medial long posterior ciliary artery(mLPCA), ciliary artery(CA), and ophthalmic artery(OA). Ophthalmic vascular RI values of normal dogs were 0.67$\pm$0.07, 0.70$\pm$0.06, and 0.80$\pm$0.04 in mLPCA, CA, and OA, respectively. Means of RT value of all vessel had no statistically significant difference by sex, fellow orbits, and skull type. The results suggest that color Doppler imaging is a noninvasive test which has the advantage of providing objective measurements of blood flow velocity parameter in the canine eye and orbit.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.70-85
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• 2004

Objective: To research the trends of study related to rhinitis and acupuncture in PubMed, and to establish the hereafter direction of treating rhinitis with acupuncture Methods: We searched PubMed and chinese medical journals related to rhinitis and acupuncture. Results: 1. The pattern of the study was as follows: Review article(3), Randomized controlled trials(2), Clinical trial(11), Case report(12). 2. The effect of acupuncture on rhinitis is reported as follows: Acupucture treatment improves the scale of symptoms, nasal airways resistance and velocity of the mucociliary transport, decreasing absolute numbers of blood eosinophils, serum IgE and percentage of nasal eosinophils. Immunologically acupuncture treatment could reduce plasma IL-10 level, control IL-2, and balance between cell-specific pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-10. After acupuncture treatment, there is statistically significant changes in IgA, IgE, E-rosette formative rate. 3. Many of these article have affirmative view for therapeutic effect of rhinitis with acupuncture. Statistical test was done only in 6 papers. There showed statically significant results in 4 articles, and in 2 article there showed some clinical improvement but no statically significant changes. 4. In Western countries, alternative treatments are frequent among adults with rhinitis or other allergic disease, and affirmative tendency for acupuncture treatment is increased.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.109-116
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• 2017

Background The effect of liposuction on the perforators of the lower abdominal wall has been investigated in several studies. There are controversial results in the literature that have primarily demonstrated the number and patency of the perforators. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of liposuction on the perfusion of perforator-based abdominal flaps using a combined laser-Doppler spectrophotometer (O2C, Oxygen to See, LEA Medizintechnik). Methods Nine female patients undergoing classical abdominoplasty were included in the study. Perforators and the perfusion zones of the deep inferior epigastric artery flap were marked on the patient's abdominal wall. Flap perfusion was quantitatively assessed by measuring blood flow, velocity, capillary oxygen saturation, and relative amount of hemoglobin for each zone preoperatively, after tumescent solution infiltration, following elevation of the flap on a single perforator, and after deep and superficial liposuction, respectively. Results The measurements taken after elevation of the flap were not significantly different than measurements taken after the liposuction procedures. Conclusions The liposuction procedure does not significantly alter the perfusion of perforator-based abdominal flaps in the early period. The abdominal tissue discarded in a classic abdominoplasty operation can be raised as a perforator flap and has been demonstrated to be a unique model for clinical research.