• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.481-487
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• 2013

High-fat diet up-regulates either insulin resistance or triglycerides, which is assumed to be related to the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-${\alpha}$ and PPAR-${\gamma}$. The beneficial effects of vitamin E on insulin resistance are well known; however, it is not clear if vitamin E with a high-fat diet alters the expression of PPAR-${\alpha}$ and PPAR-${\gamma}$. We investigated the effects of d-${\alpha}$-tocopherol supplementation on insulin sensitivity, blood lipid profiles, lipid peroxidation, and the expression of PPAR-${\alpha}$ and PPAR-${\gamma}$ in a high-fat (HF) diet-fed male C57BL/6J model of insulin resistance. The animals were given a regular diet (CON; 10% fat), a HF diet containing 45% fat, or a HF diet plus d-${\alpha}$-tocopherol (HF-E) for a period of 20 weeks. The results showed that the HF diet induced insulin resistance and altered the lipid profile, specifically the triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) levels (P < 0.05). In this animal model, supplementation with d-${\alpha}$-tocopherol improved insulin resistance as well as the serum levels of TG and very-low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL-C) (P < 0.05). Moreover, the treatment decreased the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the serum and liver while increasing hepatic PPAR-${\alpha}$ expression and decreasing PPAR-${\gamma}$ expression. In conclusion, the oral administration of d-${\alpha}$-tocopherol with a high-fat diet had positive effects on insulin resistance, lipid profiles, and oxidative stress through the expression of PPAR-${\alpha}$ and PPAR-${\gamma}$ in a high-fat diet-fed male mice.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.1131-1136
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• 2003

Forty-eight individually fed Angus steers (body weight $220kg{\pm}9.1$) were utilized to investigate the effects of copper (Cu) source and concentration on lipid metabolism and carcass quality. Steers were stratified by body weight and initial liver Cu concentration and randomly assigned to one of five groups. Groups were then randomly assigned to treatments. Treatments consisted of: 1) control (no supplemental Cu); 2) 10 mg Cu/kg DM from $CuSO_4$; 3) 10 mg Cu/kg DM from a Cu amino acid complex (Availa Cu) 4) 20 mg Cu/kg DM from $CuSO_4$; and 5) 20 mg Cu/kg DM from Availa Cu. Steers were fed a corn-alfalfa-based growing diet for 56 d. Steers were then switched to a high concentrate finishing diet for 145 d. On day 74 of the finishing phase subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies were obtained from three steers/treatment to determine basal and stimulated lipolytic rates in vitro. Steers were then slaughtered after receiving the finishing diet for 145 d. Control steers tended (p<0.12) to have lower ceruloplasmin (Cp) activity than Cu supplemented steers. Steers receiving 20 mg Cu/kg DM from Availa Cu had higher (p<0.03) Cp activity than steers receiving 20 mg Cu/kg DM from $CuSO_4$. Plasma non-esterified fatty acids were similar across treatments. Steers receiving 10 mg Cu/kg DM from Availa Cu had higher (p<0.02) total plasma cholesterol concentrations relative to steers receiving 10 mg Cu/kg DM from $CuSO_4$. Steers receiving 20 mg Cu/kg DM from Availa Cu had lower (p<0.03) plasma triglyceride concentrations than steers supplemented with 20 mg Cu/kg DM from $CuSO_4$. Fatty acid profile of longissimus muscle was similar across treatments. Backfat depth tended (p<0.18) to be lower in Cu supplemented steers relative to controls. Steers supplemented with 20 mg Cu/kg DM from Availa Cu had heavier (p<0.03) hot carcass weights and a greater (p<0.02) dressing percentage than steers supplemented with 20 mg Cu/kg DM from $CuSO_4$. Furthermore, in vitro basal (p<0.06) and epinephrine stimulated (p<0.04) lipolytic rates of subcutaneous adipose tissue were higher in Cu supplemented steers relative to controls. The results of this study suggest that Cu supplementation has minimal effects on blood and lean tissue lipid profile. However, it appears that Cu may play a role in lipid metabolism in subcutaneous adipose tissue.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.387-399
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• 1993

This study was conducted to analyze blood lipid profile and other risk factors among crew members who are currently active and had more than 10 years of experience as crew members. Data was analyzed using medical record files in an airline medical department. The results are as follows. 1. The total number of crew members studied was 392. Among age groups, those below age 40 consisted of 26(6.9% of the total), those in age $41{\sim}50$ were 135 (34.4%) and those over age 51 were 230 (58.7%). 263 were former air force pilots consisting 66.9%. Those who had captain status numbered 21 I comprising 53.7% of the total. The type of aircraft most of the crew members involved were large size aircraft which totaled 268 (68.2%). With respect to the number of working years as crew members, 488(48.9%) comprised the largest group with $11{\sim}15$ years. 2. The rate of smoking among crew members has shown gradual decrease with 50.3% smoking in 1983 to 33.6% in 1993. Among $41{\sim}50$ age group the rate has shown a decrease from 20.9% to 13.3% In those group over age 51 it decreased from 25.5% to 16.6%. But group below age 40 were within the range of 3.6~3.8% with no significant change in the rate of smoking. 3. Body Mass Index in age group over 51 was slightly higher than other age groups. On the whole, BMI over 25 was not found. 4. The total cholesterol levels of those below age 40 were $196.9{\pm}38.5mg/dl,\;216.2{\pm}39.2mg/dl$ in ages $41{\sim}50$, and $225.1{\pm}42.5mg/dl$ in age group over 51. No significant difference was found among age groups. 5. HDL-cholesterol levels of over age 50 were higher than other age group and ranged from $40{\sim}55mg/dl$. 6. LDL-cholesterol levels of those over 51 were $126.7{\pm}37.7mg/dl$ higher than other age groups. But there were no significant changes in all age during 10 years of follow up. 7. Cardiac index of age group below age 40 was 3.8, 4.3 in age group $41{\sim}50$ and 4.5 in those over age 51 group. No significant changes among groups were found during the follow up period. 8. Triglyceride levels of age group below age 40 was $142.2{\pm}70.1,\;167.3{\pm}77.5$ in age group of $41{\sim}50$ and $113.6{\pm}897$ in age group over 50 showing that triglyceride levels increased with age. No significant changes in pattern were noted.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.1394-1400
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 비만 및 대사성증후군 위험 인자를 개선하기 위하여 한방원리를 활용한 조성물 KSH28을 구성하고 동물실험과 인체실험을 통한 효능 평가를 수행하였다. 동물실험에서는 4주령의 수컷 C57BL/6 마우스에게 30%고지방 식이를 급여하면서 4주간 KSH28을 경구 투여하였다. 4주후 체중과 복부의 부고환 및 신장후 지방조직은 KSH28에 의해 용량 의존적으로 의미있게 감소하였다. 또한 지방조직내의 지방세포 평균단면적이 KSH28에 의해 용량 의존적으로 감소하여 지방조직 억제 효과가 뚜렷함이 발견되었다. 공복시 혈당과 혈중 중성지방 농도는 KSH28에 의해 유의적으로 감소하였다. 인체실험에서는 40명 (남성 8명, 여성 32명 )의 피험자들이 KSH28을 포함한 생식 제품(30 g)을 하루 2포 4주간 복용하였다. 체중은 4주간 평균적으로 1.91 kg(남 2.05 kg, 여 1.87 kg)감소하여 주당 약 0.5 kg의 감소를 나타내었고 체성분 분석에서는 체지방이 1.77kg(남 2.69kg,여 1.56kg) 감소하여 체중감량 부분의 대부분을 차지하였다. 수분과 단백질, 근육, 무기질은 변화가 없었다. 여성에서 수축기 혈압, 확장기 혈압과 혈중 총콜레스테롤, LDL콜레스테롤이 모두 의미있게 감소하여 대사성증후군을 개선시킴이 관찰되었다. 간기능의 지표로 이용되는 GPT 수치에는 변화가 없었고 기타의 특별한 부작용은 발견되지 아니하였다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.626-643
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• 2013

This study was performed to evaluate the differences in blood pressure, sodium intake and dietary behavior changes according to the extent of session attendance on sodium reduction education program for pre-hypertensive adults in a public health center. Sodium reduction education program consisted of 8 sessions for 8 weeks. Fifty three patients who completed the pre and post nutritional assessments were classified into 2 groups according to the session attendance rate. Nineteen participants who attended the education program 3 times or less (${\leq}3$) were categorized into the less attendance (LA) group and 34 participants attended 4 times or more (${\geq}4$) into the more attendance (MA) group. Blood pressure, anthropometric measurements, serum lipid profile, nutrient intakes including sodium, nutrition knowledge and dietary behavior score were assessed before and after the nutrition education program. Mean sodium intakes (p<0.001), systolic/diastolic blood pressure (p<0.001), and weight (p<0.001) were significantly decreased in the MA group after sodium reduction education program. Compared to the MA group, mean sodium intakes, systolic/diastolic blood pressure were not significantly changed after the education program even with significantly increased nutrition knowledge (p<0.05) and dietary behavior score (p<0.01) in the LA group. It appears that pre-hypertensive adults need to attend the sodium reduction education program for at least 4 times or more to gain beneficial effects from the intervention. Positive feedback of healthcare team or offering more cooking classes may be needed to raise the attendance rate in the sodium reduction education program.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.289-298
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• 2006

We studied the effects of intake of the steamed bean powder(SB) and chungkukjang powder(CK) on blood parameters such as glucose, albumin, GOT, GPT, hematocrit, hemoglobin, total-/HDL-/LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride, and blood antioxidant nutrients such as retinol, tocopherols and carotenes in 26 college women. There were 2 groups, one group had 13 participants who consumed 30g SP and second group (13 participants) consumed 30g CK daily for 4 weeks. The study compared before with after SP/CK intake. The average age of the participants was 22.1 years, there were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of all parameters before the study. The energy intake showed no significant differences between before and after SP/CK intake. C(carbohydrate) propotion was reduced, and P(protein) and F(fat) ratio were increased after 4 week intake of SP/CK. Indices of nutritional quality(INQ) of protein(p<0.01), iron(p<0.05), zinc(p<0.05), vitamin C(p<0.05) were significantly increased after SP intake, and those of protein(p<0.05) and zinc also increased after CK intake. There were no significant differences in TG, total-/HDL-/LDL-cholesterol before and after SP/CK intake. The CK intake group showed the reduction only in retinol level in blood(p<0.05). Some students reported the improvement of the constipation and the regularity of the bowel elemination, and some students experienced the prolongation effects on one's monthly days after SP/CK intake. In this study, we could see the effect of improvement in some nutrients intake, but no effect in blood parameters by SP/CK intake for 4 weeks. That reason might be that the participants were healthy young women, or the trail period was not enough long to change.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.195-201
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• 2011

이 연구는 폐경 전 후 여성의 요추골밀도의 예측인자의 차이를 알아보기 위한 것이다. 총 483명의 성인 여성을 대상으로 체성분, 지질, 혈압, 골밀도를 측정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 폐경 전 집단의 수축기 혈압, 총콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 저밀도지단백 콜레스테롤이 폐경 후 집단에 비해 유의하게 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 골밀도와 가장 상관관계가 있는 것은 제지방인 것으로 나타났으며, 폐경 후 집단의 골밀도는 저밀도지단백콜레스테롤 수준과 유의한 음의 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 골밀도에 영향을 미치는 예측인자를 알아본 결과 폐경 전 집단은 체중, 체지방율, 고밀도지단백 콜레스테롤이 영향을 미치는 변수였으며, 폐경 후 집단은 체중, 연령, 저밀도지단백 콜레스테롤 수준이 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.39-48
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• 2009

We have evaluated the effect of long term treatment of Enicostemma littorale (E. littorale) in type 2 diabetic patients taking pills of aqueous extract of E. littorale regularly as a complimentary medicine for at least 9 months. The effects of E. littorale on glycemic control, lipid profile, cardiac function and DNA damage in these patients were compared with those who had not been regular in taking E. littorale but regular in taking other conventional anti-diabetics. Our data suggest that, E. littorale can maintain normal blood glucose, serum insulin, serum triglycerides levels of type 2 diabetic patients if taken regularly. E. littorale also improves insulin sensitivity, and normalize disturbed lipogram and elevated creatinine levels, thereby produces beneficial effect in preventing cardiovascular complications and may preserve the kidney function. The finding that E. littorale also prevents DNA damage suggest a long term effect in diabetic patients. E. littorale thus can be considered as safe supplementary therapy for a long term and effective management of type 2 diabetic patients.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.841-846
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• 2005

Using high-fat-fed C57BL/6 mice, therapeutic effects of oral administration of aqueous extracts of Platycodon grandiflorum and Acanthopanax senticosus on obesity were evaluated by comparing body and liver weights, feed intake, adipose tissue mass, blood lipid profile, and triglyceride and total cholesterol levels in liver and feces. Obesity was successfully induced in high-fat diet group. P. grandiflorum and A. senticosus were effective in reducing food intake, serum lipid levels, adipose tissue accumulation, and weight. P. grandiflorum extract reduced triglyceride and cholesterol levels in liver by excluding them in feces. A. senticosus extract increased triglyceride level in liver but decreased in feces, and decreased total cholesterol in liver and feces, indicating active ingredient of A. senticosus exert antiobesity effect through mechanism different from that of P. grandiflorum extract. These results suggest aqueous extracts of P. grandiflorum and A. senticosus have synergistic effect for prevention of hyperglyceridemia and obesity.

• 통합자연과학논문집
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.100-106
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• 2012

Herbal medicines have been used since the dawn of civilization to maintain health and to treat diseases. Diabetes mellitus is one of the leading cause of death in many developed countries. The incidence of diabetes is increasing at an alarming rate in India. It was estimated that India which had 19.4 million diabetes in 1995 is expected to register a near threefold increase by. Many plants reported to be useful for the treatment of diabetes mellitus in ayurvedic medicine, are being tested for their hypoglycemic activity in experimental animals Lagerstroemia flos- reginae is one such plant commonly found as shade trees in Kerala. In Ayurveda both root and leaves are used in the treatment of diabetes. The main objective of this study was to assess the antidiabetic effect of the alcohol extracted leaves of Lagerstroemia flos- reginae in alloxan induced diabetic rats in terms of controlling blood glucose level, lipid profile, bilirubin, uric acid in serum and lipid peroxides and glutathione in the liver of the experimental animals. The present study has been undertaken to observe the protective effect of the active constituents of Lagerstroemia flos- reginae leaf extracts against alloxan induced diabetes in experimental animal model. The activity of the active constituents was compared with Daonil -a standard drug.