• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.432-441
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• 2004

Purpose: This descriptive survey was conducted to investigate out the utilization of alternative complementary remedies for stroke patients. Method: The subject for this study were 194 patients, selected from inpatients department of 11 major medical center at Busan and Ulsan. Data were collected from August 19th to November 12th, 2002 through interview schedule designed by the investigator. Data was analyzed with frequency, percentage, and ${\chi}^2$-test by using SPSS Win 10.0. Results: 71.6% of objects has used alternative complementary remedies. The use of alternative complementary remedies according to disease-related features was statistically significant in concurrent diseases(${\chi}^2=15.03$, p=0.001), rehabilitation treatment(${\chi}^2=6.341$, p=0.012) and the level of ADL(${\chi}^2=19.63$, p=0.000). The most frequently used therapies were diet and nutrition(31.8%). The patients with less than 3month onset and in the mid-period of treatment frequently used remedies. The reason for using remedies were the belief in it's effects on treatment, but most patients responded was not effective(30.9%) or not much improvement after using remedies. Most of the patients were recommended to use remedies by their neighbors(27.3%) and family members(25.2%). The family members were most supportive in therapy(56.1%). The 28.1% of patients responded that the remedies were effective in promoting blood circulation and 95% of the patients had not experienced side effects. Conclusion: These results could be the basic material in developing nursing intervention for cerebral apoplexy patients.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.206-219
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• 2010

To establish the fundament for EBM of Traditional Korean Medicine, the papers on Sagunja-tang(Sijunzi-tang) frequently used in medical institutions of Traditional Korean Medicine were analyzed through researching domestic and international papers. The papers were classified by the registration of domestic or international journals, the year of publishment, experimental fields and the kinds of studies on biological activities. Of total 228 papers on Sagunja-tang(Sijunzi-tang), 121 volumes were selected according to creteria. 47 volumes were published in domestic journals, 71 in Chinese journal, 2 in Japanese journal, and 1 in Taiwan journal. The papers on instrumental analyses were preceeded by HPLC, MS, GC with standard compounds of herbal medicine in Sagunja-tang(Sijunzi-tang). The papers on biological activities of Sagunja-tang(Sijunzi-tang) showed improvement of gastrointestinal activity and blood circulation, immunoactivity, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-fatigue, anti-stress, pharmacokinetics, hepatic protection, radioprotection, muscular activity, hematopoiesis and nontoxical effect. Further studies including gastrointestinal disorder, immune related disease, cancer, oxidative injury and pharmacokinetic study need to be preceeded to establish the fundament for EBM of Sagunja-tang(Sijunzi-tang).

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.537-541
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• 1985

Recently, we met a 12 year old female patient who suffered from bacterial endocarditis and pericarditis which were complicated by patent ductus arteriosus. She was admitted to our hospital because of dyspnea, fever, headache, and generalized ache for 10 days. The initial diagnosis was bacterial endocarditis and pericarditis complicated by patent ductus arteriosus and congestive heart failure. At first, we tried to treat the patient medically with digitalis, diuretics, and massive antibiotics. On echocardiography large amount of pericardial fluid was accumulated mainly right anterior aspect and also noted a large vegetation at pulmonary valve area. With vigorous medical treatment including repeated pericardiocentesis, the patient showed no improvement. So we decided to perform pericardiectomy for elimination of the most probable septic focus. On operation, we encountered an unpredicted event, the pericardium was thickened, distended, and its surface showed pulsating which meant connecting to systemic circulation. We decided to close the operative wound and reoperate her under cardiopulmonary bypass later. On the next day, we operated her under cardiopulmonary bypass later. On the next day we operated her under cardiopulmonary bypass. The operative findings were ruptured main pulmonary artery about 1.5cm in diameter on its ventral portion, the blood from the ruptured main pulmonary artery was filled up the localized pericardial sac due to previous pericarditis. Through the ruptured main pulmonary artery, we also found 0.5cm diametered patent ductus arteriosus. With the aid of partial cardiopulmonary bypass and inserting 24F ballooned Foley catheter at aorta, pericardiectomy was performed first. After completion of the pericardiectomy, total cardiopulmonary bypass was established. With minimum pump flow [0.3L/min/m2] the PDA was closed with two Teflon-felted 4-0 Prolene interrupted sutures. The ruptured main pulmonary artery was also closed using thickened pericardium with three Teflon-felted 4-0 Prolene interrupted sutures. The operation was successful and postoperative course was uneventful. She was discharged on the 16th POD. We report this case as a very rare secondary complication of bacterial endocarditis complicated by patent ductus arteriosus.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.77-88
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• 2009

Background : Qigong is an exercise therapy based on the principles of Traditional East Asian Medicine. The exercises combine the practice of motion and breathing, both guided by mental imagery. Beneficial effects of qigong have been reported on a variety of complaints in chronically ill patients and on gait imbalance in the elderly. Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects neurophysiological function, movement abilities, and quality of life. Objectives : We developed a qigong program based on the Traditional East Asian medical theory regarding the improvement of clinical symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Methods and Results : Our qigong program consists of three parts. The first one includes movements which stimulate the meridians that run from the toes to the top of the head. The second one is composed of breathing and qigong movements that create harmony and balance with the circulation of Qi and blood on the Meridians. The third is a stage of finger pressure therapy and massage from Daoyin medical qigong to maintain meridian stability. Conclusions : These qigong program would help relieve the clinical symptoms of Parkinson's disease patients.

• Korean Circulation Journal
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.351-366
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• 2023

Along with the development of immunosuppressive drugs, major advances on xenotransplantation were achieved by understanding the immunobiology of xenograft rejection. Most importantly, three predominant carbohydrate antigens on porcine endothelial cells were key elements provoking hyperacute rejection: α1,3-galactose, SDa blood group antigen, and N-glycolylneuraminic acid. Preformed antibodies binding to the porcine major xenoantigen causes complement activation and endothelial cell activation, leading to xenograft injury and intravascular thrombosis. Recent advances in genetic engineering enabled knock-outs of these major xenoantigens, thus producing xenografts with less hyperacute rejection rates. Another milestone in the history of xenotransplantation was the development of co-stimulation blockaded strategy. Unlike allotransplantation, xenotransplantation requires blockade of CD40-CD40L pathway to prevent T-cell dependent B-cell activation and antibody production. In 2010s, advanced genetic engineering of xenograft by inducing the expression of multiple human transgenes became available. So-called 'multi-gene' xenografts expressing human transgenes such as thrombomodulin and endothelial protein C receptor were introduced, which resulted in the reduction of thrombotic events and improvement of xenograft survival. Still, there are many limitations to clinical translation of cardiac xenotransplantation. Along with technical challenges, zoonotic infection and physiological discordances are major obstacles. Social barriers including healthcare costs also need to be addressed. Although there are several remaining obstacles to overcome, xenotransplantation would surely become the novel option for millions of patients with end-stage heart failure who have limited options to traditional therapeutics.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.577-582
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• 2010

Purpose: When reconstruction for patients who have the large contralateral breast or a following large defect after mastectomy is required, conventional pedicled TRAM flap shows the unpredictable occurrence of fat necrosis and skin flap loss in a relatively high percentage due to insufficient blood supply. In an effort to obtain more stable TRAM flap blood circulation, we have performed a supercharged technique using deep inferior epigastric perforators (DIEP) with conventional pedicled TRAM flap. Methods: From September of 2006 to December of 2008, Fourteen supercharged TRAM flap were performed for breast reconstruction after modified radical mastectomy. The contralateral DIEP was anastomosed to the internal mammary vessels in contralateral pedicled TRAM flap or thoracodorsal vessels in ipsilateral pedicled TRAM flap. Nutrient vessels were selected by Multi-Detector Computed tomography (MD-CT) modalities. For the nutrient vessel, we used deep inferior epigastric vessels (DIEV) of the ipsilateral side in 8 patients, DIEV of the contralateral side in 6 patients. In addition, for the recipient vessel, we used thoracodorsal vessels in 8 patients, internal mammary vessels in 5 patients, intercostals artery perforators in 1 patient. Results: The mean age was 46.8 years and the average follow-up interval was 14 months. There were 11 immediate and 3 delayed breast reconstructions. Fat necrosis incidence rate in supercharged TRAM group was lower than in conventional TRAM flap group. There were no differences of the incidences of abdominal hernia in both groups. Conclusion: The supercharged TRAM flap produces an improvement in vascularity that permits use of all four zones of the flap. The breast reconstruction with supercharged technique is reliable and valuable methods which provide sufficient soft tissue from abdomen without significant complications.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.1448-1457
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• 2014

Geriatric illness is increasing with aged population ratio due to a prolonged average life span. Research studies with therapeutic approach using oriental herbs have been attempted, but the very few studies of oriental herbal tea as a healthy drink have done as a health care. This study was performed to identify the effects of oriental herbal tea on the physiological function and behavioral change of elders at geriatric facility. A quasi-experimental design using a nonequivalent control group, pre-post test was used. Total 38 of elderly population (20 of experimental group and 18 of control group) was recruited. 100mL of a type of oriental herbal tea developed for this study was given to each subject 3 times a day for 30 days (from May to June 2013). The health scan analyzer and questionnaire for behavioral change were used to measure dependent variables. The data was analyzed by SPSS/WIN 18.0. After drinking the oriental herbal tea, more significant improvement on blood circulation (t=-4.466, p<.001), liver function (t=-2.855, p=.007), brain function (t=-2.545, p=.015), bone density (t=-6.125, p<.001), blood sugar (t=-4.180, p=<.001) and emotional factor (t=2.389, p=.023) as the sub-variable of behavioral change were found in the experimental group than control group. This study shows that oriental herbal tea can be effective on the physiological function and emotional relief of the elders. Therefore the tea can be utilized as an effective intervention for the health of elders in geriatric facility.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.337-344
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• 2013

This research has been conducted to determine the effect that the visually handicapped's participation in an aerobic exercise program has on cardiorespiratory function and arterial pulse wave. The subjects of this research were 20 people who have a 1st degree visual impairment. They recognized the purpose of this research and agreed to take part in it. After receiving agreements from their guardians, we divided them into an exercise group of 10 and a comparison group of 10 at random. The exercise group conducted a 50-70%HRmax treadmill exercise for 60 minutes a day, five times a week, for 12 weeks, including warm up and warm down exercises. We then conducted a two-way repeated ANOVA, which regards the period of exercise and the two groups as independent variables. The follow-up verification for exercise periods according to each group was carried out with a paired t-test. The statistical significance level was p<.05. The following are the results of this research. First, the weight and body fat of the experiment group after exercise show a meaningful reduction compared to before the exercise program (p<.05).Second, the VO2max, HRmax, and VEmax of the experiment group after exercise show a meaningful increase compared to before the exercise program (p<.05). Third, the arterial pulse wave of the experiment group after exercise display a meaningful increase compared to before the exercise program (p<.05). Fourth, the systolic blood pressure of the experiment group after exercise does not show a meaningful reduction compared to before the exercise program (p>.05). These results prove that the visually handicapped's participation in an aerobic exercise program is effective in the improvement of their cardiorespiratory function, bloodstream circulation function and blood vessel function.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.582-595
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• 2022

Objectives: To investigate the effects of acupuncture at GV20 and EX-HN1 on cerebral blood flow (CBF) velocity and cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) in the middle cerebral arteries (MCA) and anterior cerebral arteries (ACA) and to compare the effects to acupuncture at GV20. Methods: The study was a randomized, crossover trial that included 10 healthy men aged 20 to 29 years who underwent acupuncture treatment four times with a washout period of one week. The CBF velocity and CVR were measured by transcranial Doppler sonography (TCD) on both MCAs at the first and second visits, and both ACAs at the third and fourth visits. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups (A and B) before the first and third visits. Group A received two phases of acupuncture intervention at a single GV20 point and a combination of GV20 and EX-HN1 acupoints. Group B received the same interventions, but in the reverse order. Results: The increase in CO₂ reactivity was significantly higher for the combination acupoints of GV20 and EX-HN1 than for the GV20 single acupoint in both MCAs (Right: 136 to 178, p=0.017; Left: 127 to 191, p=0.017) and ACAs (Right: 133 to 158, p=0.013; Left: 122 to 168, p=0.025). No significant change was noted in the corrected velocity at PETCO₂ 40 mmHg, blood pressure, or heart rate. Conclusions: The findings suggest that improvement of the CBF in the MCA and ACA after GV20 acupuncture increases when acupuncture is also performed at EX-HN1. These results clinically support the combined use of EX-HN1 and GV20 to treat disorders of MCA and ACA circulation.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.779-788
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• 2009

To establish the fundament for EBM of Traditional Korean Medicine, the papers on Samul-tang which was frequently used in medical institutions of Traditional Korean Medicine were analyzed through researching domestic and international literatures. The papers were classified by the registration of domestic or international journals, by the year of publishment, by experimental methods, by laboratory animals used in biological experiment and by the kinds of studies on biological efficacy. Of total 67 papers on Samul-tang, 58 volumes were registered in domestic journals and 9 volumes were in international journals of which 8 volumes were in SCI journals. Since 1978, publishments of papers have continuously increased. The papers on instrumental analyses were 6, biological studies were 58 volumes, clinical studies were 3. Instrumental analyses were preceeded with standard compounds(gallic acid, albiflorin, paeoniflorin, benzoic acid, ferulic acid, 5-HMF). And biological studies showed improvement of cardiovascular function and circulation, antianemia, brain protection, immunoregulation, antistress, radioprotection, antifatigue, antiinflammation and antiallergy, antioxidative effect. Through clinical studies, antifatigue, improvement of insomnia and osteoporosis were reported. Samul-tang could be used to tonify and activate blood. And further study on clinical field need to be conducted in accordance with biological study.