• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.44-54
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• 2022

The food source of white-spotted flower chafer, Protaetia brevitarsis is important to economical performance. The P. brevitarsis larva were feed by mulberry and oak fermented sawdust. The effect of additional additives, Korean black raspberry (called bokbunja) marc and blueberry marc to fermented sawdust feed on the development and oviposition characteristics were investigated. The development periods of P. brevitarsis was decreased from 165.7 d to 40.0 d (mulberry sawdust) and 169.3 d to 39.0 d (oak sawdust), but the survival rate of larva was not affected by the addition of Korean black raspberry marc to fermented sawdust. However, blueberry marc addition to the fermented sawdust did not significant effect on the development period and survival rate of P. brevitarsis. The percentage of larva weight over 2.5 g was tend to increase by addition of Korean black raspberry marc and/or blueberry marc. The number of oviposition was also tend to increase by adding additional feed to sawdust but there was no significant different.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.188-194
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• 2009

In this study, we evaluated the phytochemical compositions of the fruits of the pear cactus, mulberry, and Korean black raspberry to determine how they related to antioxidant capacity. Specifically, the total soluble polyphenol, flavonoid and anthocyanin contents were determined, and the phenolic compounds were evaluated by HPLC. In addition, the antioxidant capacity was evaluated by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), SOD-like activity and nitrate scavenging activity. Korean black raspberry was found to have the highest level of phytochemicals, followed by mulberry and pear cactus (p<0.05). Furthermore, EPR revealed that Korean black raspberry extract (100 ${\mu}g$/mL) removed 78.6% of the superoxide radicals in a xanthin-xanthin oxidase. Additionally, when the removal of hydroxyl radicals was evaluated, the extract of pear cactus showed 50% scavenging activity at 1000 ${\mu}g$/mL. Korean black raspberry extract showed the highest SOD-like activity, which was 44% (p<0.05). Finally, the nitrate scavenging activity of both extracts of mulberry and Korean black raspberry were found to be 93%, while that of the pear cactus was 63% at pH 1.2 (p<0.05).

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.656-661
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• 2005

The study was conducted to investigate per oral (PO) effects of Black raspberry wine on testosterone levels in Sprague-Dawley rats oral administrated with Methoxychlor in order to establish the experimental clinical model for evaluating the influences on the sexual hormones of SD-Rat administrated with Methoxychlor(MET), it was dissolved in acetone and olive oil (1:19), which was administrated orally at doses of 200mg/kg body weight/ day for 7days. Black raspberry wine of 13% alcohol concentration, was prepared from ripen fruits of Rubus coreanus fermented with Saccharomyces cervisiae. PO administration of Black raspberry wine for 15 week produced dramatic increases of serum testosterone levels. Increase in the testosterone level was observed, using gamma counter with 125I testosterone, starting from 1 week post administration. Maximum increase in testosterone level was observed at 4 week post administration, 5.18${\pm}$0.76ng/mL, which was 10.1 times higher than before and at 15 weeks post administration it was recorded as 1.67${\pm}$0.19ng/mL indicating Black raspberry wine as an effective phyto-testosteronic beverage of the future.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.45-50
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• 2020

Objective : This study was performed to evaluate the toxicity after a single oral administration of black raspberry extract to male and female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and to determine the approximate lethal dose (ALD). Methods : We previously showed that the black raspberry extract repressed the simvastatin-mediated expression of Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and improved Low-Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) uptake by hepatocytes through the induction of the Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor expression in hepatocytes. The groups consisted of black raspberry extract groups, as an oral dose of 2,000 mg/kg and a control group. 5 weeks SD rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups of 5 rats. Each male and female SD rats were administered orally once. For 14 days after the administration, mortality, clinical signs, changes in body weight, and necropsy findings were observed according to the "Standard for Toxicity Study of Pharmaceuticals" of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA) guideline and "Acute Oral Toxicity- Fixed Dose Procedure" of OECD Test Guideline. Results : There were no cases of mortality in the group administered with 2,000 mg/kg of male and female, and no abnormalities in body weight change and clinical signs. Also, no gross abnormalities were observed at the autopsy. Conclusions : As a result of a single oral administration of the black raspberry extract to SD rats, the ALD was determined to exceed 2,000 mg/kg for both male and female SD rats.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.92-98
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• 2013

The objective of this study was to establish the decision criteria of soil suitability for Korean Black raspberry using soil morphological and physical properties. The investigation was carried out in Gochang, Sunchang, Jeongeup, Pohang, and Hoengseong districts in Korea. The obtained results showed that factors related to the decision criteria of the soil suitability for Korean Black raspberry cultivation were soil texture, soil drainage class, land slope, and available soil depth. The criteria of the best suitability soil for Korean Black raspberry was valley/fan or hill geomorphology, well or moderately drainage class, B-slope(2-7%), coarse loamy soil texture family, less than <15% gravel contents, and available soil depth deeper than 100cm. The area criteria of soil suitability for Korean Black raspberry of Gochang was more than 50% including best and suitable areas.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.507-515
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• 2014

본 연구는 전립선암세포주인 LNCaP 세포주와 테스토스테론으로 유도된 전립선비대 백서모델에서 복분자 추출물의 전립선비대 억제 효과를 조사하였다. 첫째, 전립선암 세포주(LNCaP)에서 복분자 미숙과 추출물의 안드로겐 관련 전립선비대 유전자 억제 효과를 조사한 결과 미숙과 50% 에탄올 추출물은 안드로겐 수용체(AR)뿐만 아니라 전립선특이항원(PSA)과 5-알파 환원 효소 type 2(5AR2)의 발현을 가장 높게 억제하였다. 또한 LNCaP 세포에 DHT로 안드로겐 관련 유전자를 유도한 후 복분자 미숙과 50% 에탄올 추출물을 처리한 결과 AR과 PSA mRNA의 발현이 억제됨을 확인하였다. 둘째, 테스토스테론을 이용하여 전립선비대를 유도한 동물모델에서 복분자 미숙과 50% 에탄올 추출물을 6주간 투여한 후 전립선비대 개선 효과를 조사한 결과, 전립선비대유발군에 복분자 미숙과 추출물을 투여한 군에서 전립선 무게, 전립선 소포의 상피세포 두께 및 면적이 감소함을 확인할 수 있었고, 전립선비대 유발 호르몬인 DHT level이 감소함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제41권7호
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• pp.529-536
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• 2008

Cinnamate-4-hydroxylase (C4H) is a key enzyme in the phenylpropanoid pathway, which is responsible for synthesizing a variety of secondary metabolites that participate in development and adaptation. In this study, we isolated a full-length cDNA of the C4H gene from the Korean black raspberry (Rubus sp.) and found that this gene existed as a single gene. By comparing the deduced amino acid sequence of Rubus sp. C4H with other sequences reported previously we determined that this sequence was highly conserved among widely divergent plant species. In addition, quantitative real time PCR studies indicated that the C4H gene had a differential expression pattern during fruit development, where gene expression was first detected in green fruit and was then remarkably reduced in yellow fruit, followed by an increase in red and black fruit. To investigate the two peaks in expression observed during fruit development and ripening, we measured the flavonoid content. The content of the major flavanol of Korean black raspberry fruits was determined to be highest at the beginning of fruit development, followed by a gradually decrease according to the developmental stages. In contrast, the content of anthocyanins during the progress of ripening was dramatically increased. Our results suggest that the C4H gene in Korean black raspberry plays a role during color development at the late stages of fruit ripening, whereas the expression of C4H gene during the early stages may be related to the accumulation of flavanols.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.129-134
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• 2008

복분자 와인은 복분자 열매를 발효ㆍ숙성시켜 제조하기 때문에 그들 양자 간의 성분에는 차이가 있을 것으로 추측되었다. 그러나 복분자 와인의 음용률이 높음에도 불구하고 복분자 와인 중에 함유된 성분들에 관한 체계적인 연구는 거의 전무한 실정이다. 그래서 먼저 복분자 와인 중에 함유되어 있는 성분들의 chemical profile의 검토를 위해 항산화 활성에 초점을 맞추어 화합물의 단리ㆍ구조해석에 착수하였다. 복분자 와인 11 L(신선 복분자 열매 15.7 kg 상당량)의 농축액(928.3 g)을 용매분획한 후 얻어진 EtOAc층(20 g/56.2 g)을 대상으로 각종 column chromatography 및 HPLC를 행하여 5종의 항산화 활성 화합물을 단리하였다. 그들을 대상으로 $^1H$-NMR 분석 및 TMS 유도체화 후 GCMS 분석을 행한 결과, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid(1, 0.1 mg), 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid(2, 0.3 mg), 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-phenol(3, 0.6 mg), pyrocatechol(4, 0.3 mg), 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid ethyl ester(5, 0.6 mg)로 동정하였다. 화합물 1과 2는 복분자 열매중에 존재함이 보고되어 있으나 화합물 3-5는 복분자 열매로부터 그 존재가 보고되어진 바 없으며, 이들 5종의 화합물 모두가 복분자 와인으로부터 동정되어진 것 또한 처음이다.

• 식물병연구
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.121-123
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• 2013

사과, 호박, 고추에서 분리된 탄저병균들(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, C. orbiculare, C. acutatum)이 복분자딸기에 병원성을 나타냈으며. 특히 사과에서 분리된 탄저병균은 무상처 접종에서도 병원성을 나타냈다. 복분자 딸기에서 분리한 탄저병균(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, C. coccodes, C. acutatum)은 사과와 딸기에서는 dropping 접종에 의해 병원성을 보였으나 고추와 토마토에서는 낮은 병원성을 나타내었다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.3361-3369
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• 2015

본 연구의 목적은 효모균주와 발효조건 등을 달리하여 머루를 첨가하여 복분자 와인의 품질을 향상시키는데 있다. 효모별 복분자 와인 술덧 품질에 미치는 영향 연구에서는 Y1(Lalvin 71B)효모가 젖산, 퓨젤유 성분을 발효후에 타 효모에 비해 유의적으로 높게 생성하였으며, 술덧의 산도를 낮추고 복분자 와인의 아로마를 강화하는데 효과가 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 발효온도가 복분자 와인 술덧에 미치는 영향 연구에서는 고온발효($25^{\circ}C$)에서 Y1 효모를 이용하여 발효한 술덧에서 낮은 온도($15^{\circ}C$)에서 발효한 술덧에서보다 아로마 성분(에틸 아세테이트 및 고급알코올)이 유의적으로 높게 생성되었다. 본 연구를 통해 머루를 첨가한 복분자 와인제조시 Y1 효모를 이용하고 고온에서 발효하는 것이 복분자 와인의 맛과 아로마를 강화하는데 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다.