• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1995 no.11
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• pp.26-33
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• 1995

Silicone Rubber (SR)-based potassium- and sodium-selective solid-state electrodes have been developed for the portable blood electrolyte analyzer system. The electrochemical performance of these electrodes have been evaluated with a static experimental setup and with the newly developed blood electrolyte analyzer system (model; HS603). It has been shown that their potentiometric properties are essentially comparable to those of PVC-based ion-selective electrodes, but with greatly improved lifetime (200 and 40 days for potassium and sodium sensors, respectively) and potential stability (within $\pm0.1$ mV). Clinical tests have been performed with real serum samples and the results have been compared with those obtained from Ciba-Corning BGA 288 system; correlations were excellent, proving its practical utility as a new commercial system.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.30 no.4 s.48
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• pp.457-462
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• 2004

Anti-wrinkle effect of N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine (NAG) was evaluated by collagen synthesis and proliferation of normal human fibroblast. NAG was obtained by purifying deacetylated chitin which can be derived from chitin-rich crab shell. We studied in in-vitro cultures of human normal fibroblast, whether synthesis of collagens and fibroblast growth activation in these cells can be enhanced in the presence of NAG. It 야d not show any adverse effects in human shin irritation patch test. In in-vivo mouse test, it showed anti-wrinkle effect in hairless mouse (6W/F). From the HPLC analysis, the stability of NAG in the cosmetics product could be maintained for a long time. These results demonstrated that NAS can be useful anti-wrinkle cosmetic ingredient.

• Water Engineering Research
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.131-147
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• 2005

Today, a trend that tries to return the artificial space of a river to a natural one is expanding. But in Korea, which lies in the monsoon climate zone, rivers endure flood damage every year. Moreover, climatic change from global warming causes severe variations in precipitation patterns. Until recently, river restoration practices in Korea have followed partial restoration. These restorative treatments transformed artificial structures of the stream to natural ones and introduced natural vegetation by imitating natural or semi-natural streams. Treatment transformed the riparian structure and increased the diversity of micro-topography and vegetation. Furthermore, restoration recovered species composition, increased species diversity, and inhibited the establishment of exotic species. In particular, the Suip stream, which was left to its natural process for approximately 50 years, recovered its natural features almost completely through passive restoration. An urban stream, the Yangjae, and a rural stream, the Dongmoon, were restored partially by applying ecological principles. On the contrary, technological treatment applied to recover flood damage induced species composition far from the natural vegetation and decreased species diversity. Additionally, this treatment increased exotic species. The same results were found also in benthic invertebrate and fish fauna. The above-mentioned results reflect the importance of ecological considerations in river management.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.792-797
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• 2012

Glomalin-related soil protein has been suggested as an enhancer for soil stability by promoting the aggregation. In this study, we examined the concentrations of glomalin and characteristics of microbial community in 20 paddy soils sampled from Gyeongnam Province. Total soil glomalin as glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) had a significant positive correlation with soil organic matter (p<0.01) and soil dehydrogenase activity (p<0.01). The concentration of GRSP significantly correlated to soil microbial biomass carbon (p<0.001) and the total bacterial community (p<0.01) in paddy soils. In addition, the GRSP had a significant positive correlation with gram-negative bacteria community (p<0.05) and ratio of cy19:0 to 18:$1{\omega}7c$ (p<0.05) in paddy soils. In conclusion, the concentration of GRSP could be an indicator of soil health that simplify the inspection steps for sustainable agriculture in paddy soils.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.141-149
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• 2011

This study aimed for developing a two stage dual media filtration system. It has a sand and activated carbon layer above the under-drain system, and a sand layer above the middle-drain system for pretreatment. When retrofitting an old sand filter bed or designing a new one, this technology can substitute the existing sand filter bed without requiring a new plant site. The removal rate of total particle is 93, and 3~7 ${\mu}m$ and 5~15 ${\mu}m$ particles are all 97%. These high removal efficiencies of each pollutant due to adsorption and biological oxidation in activated carbon filter layer. The best backwashing method of two stage dual media filtration system is ascertained by air injection, air + water injection and water injection sequence. In this study, a pilot plant of two stage and dual filtration system was operated for 4 months in water treatment plant. The stability of turbidity was maintained below 1 NTU. The TOC, THMFP and HAAFP were removed about 90% by two stage and dual media filtration system, which is almost 2 times higher than existing water treatment plant.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.483-490
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• 2011

Bioactive peptides (BAP) showed excellent cosmetic activity than bio-materials such as caffeic acid (CA), gallic acid (GA), and nicotinic acid (NA). Caffeoyl tripeptide-1 (CT-1) is a BAP that is stabilized with Gly-His-Lys (GHK) tripeptide and CA by using Fmoc solid phase peptide synthesis. Digalloyl tetrapeptide-19 (DT-19) is stabilized by combining Lys-Glu-Cys-Gly with GA and nicotinoyl tripeptide-1 (NT-1) is synthesized by GHK and NA. According to experiments, CT-1 has an excellent anti-oxidant function even with a very small amount of 10 ppm CT-1. DT-19's tyrosinase inhibition activity has the better effect of about 28.57% in 0.01% and 33.33% in 0.005% of concentration and about 7.89% in 0.001% concentration than vitamin-C. In addition, NT-1 is safer than the NA. Almost BAPs like pal-KTTKS, acetyl hexapeptide, and copper tripeptide-1 have the anti-wrinkle effect while DT-19 and NT-1 are applicable for potential BAPs focused on the whitening effect. The three kinds of BAPs like CT-1, DT-19, and NT-1 consisting of amino acids are safe to the skin, and have more excellent stability than bio-materials which are found to be unstable and cause skin irritation. Due to the high biological activity of BAP in the field of skin care, its utilization will increase constantly.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.115-123
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• 2009

In recent years, several genetically modified (GM) crops have been developed worldwide through the recombinant DNA technology and commercialized by various agricultural biotechnological companies. Commercialization of GM crops will be required the assesment of risks associated with the release of GM crops. In advance of the commercial release of GM crops, developer should submit the several information on GM crops for approval. In this study, we carried out to provide the molecular data for the risk assessment of GM rice containing insect-resistant gene, modified Cry1Ac (CryIAc1). Through the molecular analysis with CryIAc1 induced GM rice, we confirmed the steady integration and expression of transgene, the transgene copy number, the adjacent region sequences of inserted gene into rice genome, and the transgene stability in progenies. For the qualitative PCR detection methods, specific primer pairs were designed on the basis of integration sequences, and construct- and event-specific detection markers were developed for leaf folder-resistant rice, Cr7-1 line. From these results, we demonstrated that the molecular data and the PCR detection methods of leaf folderresistant GM rice could be acceptable to conduct the biosafety and environment risk assessment.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.12
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• pp.3521-3526
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• 2014

A magnetic sonophotocatalyst $Fe_3O_4@SiO_2@TiO_2$ is synthesized for the enhanced biodegradability of organophosphate pesticide. The as-prepared catalysts were characterized using different techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The radial sonophotocatalytic activity of $Fe_3O_4@SiO_2@TiO_2$ nanocomposite was investigated, in which commercial dichlorvos (DDVP) was chosen as an object. The degradation efficiency was evaluated in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and enhancement of biodegradability. The effect of different factors, such as reaction time, pH, the added amount of catalyst on $COD_{Cr}$ removal efficiency were investigated. The average $COD_{Cr}$ removal efficiency reached 63.13% after 240 min in 12 L sonophotocatalytic reactor (catalyst $0.2gL^{-1}$, pH 7.3). The synergistic effect occurs in the combined sonolysis and photocatalysis which is proved by the significant improvement in $COD_{Cr}$ removal efficiency compared with that of solo photocatalysis. Under this experimental condition, the $BOD_5/COD_{Cr}$ ratio rose from 0.131 to 0.411, showing a remarkable improvement in biodegradability. These results showed that sonophotocatalysis may be applied as pre-treatment of pesticide wastewater, and then for biological treatment. The synthesized magnetic nanocomposite had good photocatalytic performance and stability, as when it was used for the fifth time, the $COD_{Cr}$ removal efficiency was still about 62.38%.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.371-383
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• 2014

The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) offers a unique opportunity for biological and basic medical researches due to its genetic tractability and well-defined developmental lineage. It also provides an exceptional model for genetic, molecular, and cellular analysis of human disease-related genes. Recently, C. elegans has been used as an ideal model for the identification and functional analysis of drugs (or small-molecules) in vivo. In this review, we describe conserved oncogenic signaling pathways (Wnt, Notch, and Ras) and their potential roles in the development of cancer stem cells. During C. elegans germline development, these signaling pathways regulate multiple cellular processes such as germline stem cell niche specification, germline stem cell maintenance, and germ cell fate specification. Therefore, the aberrant regulations of these signaling pathways can cause either loss of germline stem cells or overproliferation of a specific cell type, resulting in sterility. This sterility phenotype allows us to identify drugs that can modulate the oncogenic signaling pathways directly or indirectly through a high-throughput screening. Current in vivo or in vitro screening methods are largely focused on the specific core signaling components. However, this phenotype-based screening will identify drugs that possibly target upstream or downstream of core signaling pathways as well as exclude toxic effects. Although phenotype-based drug screening is ideal, the identification of drug targets is a major challenge. We here introduce a new technique, called Drug Affinity Responsive Target Stability (DARTS). This innovative method is able to identify the target of the identified drug. Importantly, signaling pathways and their regulators in C. elegans are highly conserved in most vertebrates, including humans. Therefore, C. elegans will provide a great opportunity to identify therapeutic drugs and their targets, as well as to understand mechanisms underlying the formation of cancer.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.55 no.10
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• pp.676-687
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• 2017

Objectives : The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a composite of bone substitute and collagen barrier membrane (bone patch) for local ridge augmentation at peri-implant dehiscence defects on the clinical efficacy and positional stability in dogs. Materials and methods : Implant placement and ridge augmentation procedure were performed at surgically created peri-implant dehiscence defects in canine mandible (n=6). Four treatment modalities were randomly applied: i) bone patch group, ii) Guided bone regeneration (GBR) without pin fixation group (bone graft and collagen membrane), iii) GBR with pin fixation group, and iv) negative control group. After 12 weeks, clinical, micro-CT and histological analyses were performed. Results : Histologic analysis showed that bone patch group had similar results to GBR group and GBR with fixation group in terms of new bone formation. Micro-CT analysis revealed similar results to histologic analysis in terms of total volume maintenance. Operating time was shorter in bone patch group compared to GBR group and GBR with fixation groups. Conclusions : GBR using bone patch could simplify the ridge augmentation procedure with reduced operating time and equivalent biological performance compared to the conventional procedure.