• 제목/요약/키워드: biological sample

검색결과 933건 처리시간 0.027초

Remediation capabilities of pilot-scale wetlands planted with Typha aungstifolia and Acorus calamus to treat landfill leachate

  • Bhagwat, Rohit V.;Boralkar, Dilip B.;Chavhan, Ram D.
    • Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • 제42권4호
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    • pp.191-198
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    • 2018
  • Improper management and unsanitary approaches are implemented in disposal of leachate, which has resulted in groundwater pollution at village Uruli Devachi, Pune, India. Various physico-chemical treatment methods are commercially available for leachate treatment. However, the application of biological methods viz. phytoremediation to the municipal solid waste landfill leachate has been limited. We report the remediation ability of Typha aungstifolia and Acrorus calamus that is capable of reducing hazardous constituents from the landfill leachate. After 96 h of hydraulic retention time (HRT), it was observed that T. aungstifolia-treated sample showed high reduction potential in reducing biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, hardness, total dissolved solids, Na, Mg, Ca and Ni whereas A. calamus showed greater reduction capacity for alkalinity, Cl, Cu, Zn and Cr. Furthermore, it was also observed that T. aungstifolia withstood longer HRT than A. calamus. In situ application of T. aungstifolia and A. calamus for remediation of landfill leachate carries a tremendous potential that needs to be further explored.

Effect of Goat Grazing on Surface Water Quality of Alpine Grassland

  • Khan, Ali Sultan;Kim, Jeong-Tae;Kim, Dong-Woo;Park, Ha-Young;Kwon, Chan-Ho
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
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    • 제38권4호
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    • pp.349-356
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    • 2018
  • The objective of this study was to determine the effect of goat grazing on the surface water quality of the alpine grasslands. Seven sites were selected across the goat farm for water sample collection and analysis. Samples were analyzed for BOD (Biological oxygen demand), total nitrogen, total phosphorous, electrical conductivity and water turbidity. All the above-mentioned parameters remained below the standard limit of Korean government at the end site. Puddles showed higher values, but below standard, as stagnant water has lower physico-chemical properties as of flowing water. The present study clearly showed that goat grazing doesn't affect water quality in grasslands if grazing is according to carrying capacity of grassland and fertilizer application is judicious.

Determination of bioavailability of tolperisone HCI by HPLC

  • Yang, Sang-In;Choi, Sun-Hee;Lee, Seung-Jin;Jang, Choon-Gon;Lee, Seok-Yong
    • 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
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    • pp.241.1-241.1
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    • 2002
  • Tolperisone hydrochloride is used as a muscle relaxant. Very few assay methods of tolperisone were reported. such as potentiometry. spectrophotometry and high performance thin layer chromatography. In addition. there is no report related to HPLC method to determine the tolperisone level in biological sample. In this study, A very sensitive reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method for the determination of tolperisone HCI in plasma has been developed. (omitted)

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Analysis of the Scattering Coefficients of Microspheres Using Spectroscopic Optical Coherence Tomography

  • Song, Woosub;Lee, Seung Seok;Lee, Byeong-il;Choi, Eun Seo
    • Current Optics and Photonics
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    • 제5권3호
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    • pp.278-288
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    • 2021
  • We propose a characterization method for the scattering property of microspheres using spectroscopic optical coherence tomography (OCT). To prove the effectiveness of the proposed method, we prepare solutions of different concentrations using microspheres ranging from 28 to 2300 nm in diameter. Time-frequency analysis is performed on the measured interference spectrum of each solution, and the resulting spectroscopic information is converted into histograms for centroid wavelengths. The histograms present a very sensitive response to changes in the concentration and size of microspheres. We classify them into three categories according to their characteristics. When the histogram of each category is replaced with the corresponding calculated value of the scattering coefficient, each category is mapped to a different scattering-coefficient region. It is expected that the proposed method could be used to investigate the optical characteristics of a biological sample from OCT images, which would be helpful for optical diagnostic and therapeutic applications.

A newly recorded sea urchin, Araeosoma owstoni Mortensen, 1904 (Echinoidea; Echinothurioida; Echinothuriidae), from the Korea Strait

  • Lee, Taekjun;Shin, Sook
    • Journal of Species Research
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    • 제11권3호
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    • pp.188-193
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    • 2022
  • Araeosoma owstoni Mortensen, 1904, a newly recorded sea urchin, was collected from the Korea Strait by trawling during a research expedition in April 2017. The specimen was damaged and was severely peeled off on the aboral side during trawling. However, a test and the surface of the oral side of the sample were well preserved, allowing us to successfully identify it. The species was distinguished by the large and flexible test, the tiny apical section, and the interambulacra width which is twice of the ambulacra. Pedicellaria tridentate and triphyllous were presents, but tetradactyle pedicellaria was absent due to severe peeling on the aboral side. Moreover, a length of 1,212 bp sequence from mitochondrial COI gene was obtained and this sequence covered the general DNA barcoding region. The mean of interspecific divergence within A. owstoni from Korea and other eight species of Araeosoma from the GenBank was 6.8%. This value indicated that our species was clearly distinguishable from the others. Thus, the first Araeosoma species occurring in South Korea is presented in this study.

Terahertz Characteristics of Hydroxygraphene Based on Microfluidic Technology

  • Boyan Zhang;Siyu Qian;Bo Peng;Bo Su;Zhuang Peng;Hailin Cui;Shengbo Zhang;Cunlin Zhang
    • Current Optics and Photonics
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    • 제7권4호
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    • pp.463-470
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    • 2023
  • Hydroxygraphene as a kind of functionalized graphene has important applications in composite, photoelectric and biological materials. In the present study, THz and microfluidic technologies were implemented to study the THz transmission characteristics of hydroxygraphene with different concentrations and residence times in magnetic and electric fields. The results show that the THz transmission intensity decreases with the increase in sample concentration and duration of an applied electric field, while it increases by staying longer in the magnetic field. The phenomenon is analyzed and explained in terms of hydrogen bond, conductivity and scattering characteristics. The results establish a foundation for future research on the THz absorption characteristics of liquid graphene based on microfluidic technology in different external environments. It also provides technical support for the application and development of graphene in THz devices.

Single-Cell Molecular Barcoding to Decode Multimodal Information Defining Cell States

  • Ik Soo Kim
    • Molecules and Cells
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    • 제46권2호
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    • pp.74-85
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    • 2023
  • Single-cell research has provided a breakthrough in biology to understand heterogeneous cell groups, such as tissues and organs, in development and disease. Molecular barcoding and subsequent sequencing technology insert a single-cell barcode into isolated single cells, allowing separation cell by cell. Given that multimodal information from a cell defines precise cellular states, recent technical advances in methods focus on simultaneously extracting multimodal data recorded in different biological materials (DNA, RNA, protein, etc.). This review summarizes recently developed single-cell multiomics approaches regarding genome, epigenome, and protein profiles with the transcriptome. In particular, we focus on how to anchor or tag molecules from a cell, improve throughputs with sample multiplexing, and record lineages, and we further discuss the future developments of the technology.

감마선 조사한 총목피(Aralia elata Cortex) 추출물의 생리활성 (Biological Activities of Extracts from Gamma-irradiated Aralia elata Cortex)

  • 박혜진;이은호;김명욱;이선호;안동현;안봉전;권중호;조영제
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제43권8호
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    • pp.1236-1247
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    • 2014
  • 천연 약용식물에 있어서 감마선 조사 처리는 기능성 물질탐색에 적용 시 추출수율 증진, 색상 개선 등 산업적 응용을 용이하게 하는 방법으로 활용이 기대되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 감마선 조사가 총목피 추출물의 생리활성에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 감마선 조사 처리한 총목피의 감마선 조사여부를 확인하기 위하여 광자극 발광(PSL) 및 열 발광(TL) 방법을 활용하여 감마선 조사 판별 확인시험을 진행하였다. PSL법의 경우 비조사구 0 kGy에서 400.00 PCs로 음성(negative) 시료로 판단되었으며, 조사구 5, 10, 30 kGy에서 각각 90,100.00 PCs, 312,614.33 PCs, 321,661.67 PCs로 나타나 감마선을 조사한 양성(positive) 시료로 확인되었다. TL법 적용 시 비조사구 0 kGy에서 자연방사선에 의한 $300^{\circ}C$ 부근에서 조사구 5, 10, 30 kGy는 $150{\sim}250^{\circ}C$의 부근에서 특유의 glow curve를 나타내었다. TL ratio는 비조사구 0 kGy에서 0.011로 0.1 이하의 값을 나타냈으며, 조사구 5, 10, 30 kGy는 각각 1.105, 1.009, 2.206으로 0.1이상의 값을 나타내어 조사구로 확인되었다. 감마선 조사처리한 총목피의 total phenolics 함량을 측정한 결과 0, 10, 30 kGy 선량 중 10 kGy의 조사선량에서 총목피 열수 및 50% ethanol 추출물의 total phenolics 함량이 각각 $17.30{\pm}0.40mg/g$, $18.87{\pm}0.46mg/g$으로 가장 높은 phenolics 함량을 나타내었다. 감마선 조사 처리한 총목피의 angiotensin converting enzyme 저해효과와 xanthin oxidase 저해효과는 비조사구에 비해 조사구에서 열수 및 50% ethanol 추출물 모두 증가하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. Pancreatin ${\alpha}$-amylase 저해효과와 ${\alpha}$-glucosidase 저해효과는 총목피 열수 및 50% ethanol 추출물 $200{\mu}g/mL$ phenolics 농도 처리 시 0~30 kGy의 모든 선량에서 60~100%에 가까운 높은 저해율을 나타내어 현재 당뇨병 치료제로 사용되고 있는 acarbose와 비교 시 월등히 우수한 항당뇨 효과를 확인할 수 있었고, 이를 통해 감마선 조사 처리한 총목피 추출물은 천연소재로써 항당뇨 관련 기능성 소재로 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다. 이상의 결과 총목피 추출물은 다양한 생리활성을 가진 기능성 소재로 활용이 가능한 것으로 생각되었으며 감마선의 조사에 의해서 총목피의 생리활성이 증대되는 현상을 확인함으로써 감마선 조사가 식물체가 나타내는 생리활성을 증폭시킬 수 있는 수단으로 활용이 가능할 것이라 판단되었다.

노루궁뎅이버섯 추출물의 생리활성 및 부패세균에 대한 항균효과 (Inhibitory activity against biological activities and antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria of extracts from Hericium erinaceus)

  • 김명욱;이은호;정희영;이승열;조영제
    • Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • 제62권2호
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    • pp.173-179
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    • 2019
  • 노루궁뎅이버섯(Hericium erinaceum) 추출물의 총 페놀성 성분함량은 물 추출물은 $0.349{\pm}0.004mg/sample\;g$이었고, 에탄올 추출물은 $0.258{\pm}0.012mg/sample\;g$을 나타내었다. 노루궁뎅이버섯은 농도 의존적으로 DPPH 라디칼 소거활성이 있는 것으로 나타났으며, positive control로 사용한 BHA 보다 더 높은 항산화력을 나타내었다. 기능성식품활성에서 노루궁뎅이버섯 에탄올추출물은 $50-200{\mu}g/mL$ 페놀성 성분 농도구간에서 농도 의존적으로 xanthine oxidase 저해효과를 나타내었으며, ${\alpha}$-glucosidase 저해 활성은 $50{\mu}g/mL$ 페놀성 성분 농도에서 80% 이상의 높은 저해활성을 나타내었다. 항염증인자로 hyaluronidase 저해활성은 물과 에탄올 추출물 모두 농도의존적으로 저해효과를 나타내었다. 기능성 미용식품활성에서 노루궁뎅이버섯 에탄올추출물의 collagenase 저해활성은 $200{\mu}g/mL$ 페놀성 성분 농도에서 물과 에탄올 추출물에서 각각 65.09%와 58.38%의 높은 저해활성을 나타내었고, tyrosinase 저해활성을 측정한 결과, 물 추출물에서 9.4-58.24%의 농도의존적인 저해효과를 나타내었다. 또한 노루궁뎅이버섯 ethanol 추출물 $50-200{\mu}g/mL$ 페놀성 성분 농도구간에서 18.94-100%의 우수한 모공수축 효과가 확인되었다. 식품부패유발미생물에 대한 항균활성을 측정한 결과, 노루궁뎅이버섯 추출물은 2.5 mg/mL 이상의 농도에서 Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enteritidis, Vibrio parahaemolyticus 및 Escherichia coli에 대한 높은 항균활성을 나타내었다. 따라서 노루궁뎅이버섯은 건강기능성 식품 및 미용식품원료로 활용이 가능하며 부패균에 대한 천연방부제로 활용이 가능할 것으로 판단되었다.

건조가열이 전분과 콩단백질 혼합물의 호화 및 노화특성과 조직감에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Dry Heating on the Pasting/retrogradation and Textural Properties of Starch-soy Protein Mixture)

  • 이기정;이수용;김용노;박장우;심재용
    • 한국식품과학회지
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    • 제36권4호
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    • pp.568-573
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    • 2004
  • 3%의 콩단백질을 첨가한 옥수수전분 용액을 건조가열 시켜 만든 시료의 호화특성, 겔의 조직감 및 노화특성에 대해 연구하였다. 건조가열로 만들어진 시료의 경우, 단순 혼합 시료보다 낮은 pasting 온도와 높은 RVA 점도들을 보였으며 유의적으로 낮은 호화엔탈피를 보였다. 높은 온도에서 건조가열한 시료(heated sample)의 경우, 낮은 온도에서 건조가열한 시료(unheated sample)보다 pasting 온도가 낮았으며 peak viscosity, breakdown viscosity가 유의적으로 높았다. 또한 pH가 증가할수록 보다 높은 점도 profile을 보였다. 가열 건조한 시료는 낮은 파괴강도 및 파괴 strain을 보였으며 pH가 높을수록 elastic modulus와 파괴강도는 감소하고 파괴 strain은 증가하였다. 콩단백질의 첨가와 더불어 건조가열은 전분의 노화방지에 도움을 주며 겔의 미세구조를 변화시켜 겔의 조직감을 변화시켰다. 전분의 호화 및 노화특성과 겔의 조직감을 콩단백질의 첨가와 더불어 건조가열과 pH 조절을 이용하여 변화시킬 수 있었으며, 이는 전분의 호화온도와 단백질의 변성온도 이하의 온도에서 건조 후 고온 건조가열을 통해 전분-단백질의 구조적 변성과 결합을 유도하여 새로운 기능성 전분을 만들 수 있는 가능성을 보여준다.