• 음성과학
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.201-211
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• 2004

This paper introduces a development of an electrical stimulator for auditory stimulation. The electrical stimulator is useful in neurotological diagnosis, audiological evaluation, candidate selection for cochlear implantation, optimal device selection and decision making of MAP strategy for severe-to-profound hearing impaired persons. The development was based on sound parameters of auditory brainstem responses and auditory electrophysiological characteristic such as effective firing of auditory nerve and recording evoked potentials during refractory period of neuron. Besides pulse parameter could adjustable by programming for more varied electrical stimulation evoked response audiometry. Using the electrical stimulator, electrical square pulse was applied to promontory, and electrically evoked auditory brainstem response and electrically middle latency response were successfully recorded in cats.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.200-210
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• 2023

Until now, it is popular to use question-and-answer-based for human personality. The current inspection of representative personality types includes Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) and job suitability evaluations. The problem of these inspection methods is influenced by the user's environment and psychological status during MBTI inspection. To solve this problem, we proposed MBTI Identification Model based on measuring bioelectricity patterns. We adapt traditional Korean medicine, the Eight Constitution, to this model. We develop an automatic MBTI identification algorithm that maps the Eight Constitution via biological current patterns to identify MBTI personality types. By utilizing the algorithm proposed in this research, it is anticipated that users will be able to measure MBTI more easily and accurately.

• 공업화학
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.532-537
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• 2022

The need for obtaining treated wastewater that meets high quality standards for discharge or reuse necessitates the use of highly efficient wastewater treatment techniques. In the present study, experiments have been carried out to reduce the concentration level of biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total dissolved solids (TDS) from the wastewater sample. Treatment of sample of a real municipal wastewater collected from a sewage treatment plant (STP) was carried out in an electrochemical membrane bioreactor (EMBR). The EMBR was operated continuously for five days, and readings were taken at regular intervals. This paper has experimental results conducted in EMBR that indicate reduction of BOD, COD, and TDS levels of up to 32.25%, 29.25%, and 31.93%, respectively. Further, it was observed that a current of magnitude of 0.00752 mA was generated due to the metabolic activities of bacteria present in municipal wastewater, which gradually decreased day by day due to the decay of bacteria.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2006년도 하계종합학술대회
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• pp.1013-1014
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• 2006

Mobilecomputer offers more fundamental role than role assistance enemy of modern technology equipment and new Information Technology can reconsider, and reconstruct creatively accuracy of physiological concept. That military register symptoms are developed of disease, before far before rehalibitation, offer possibility that can intervene in process that motive change of military register symptoms after rehalibitation. But, that many parameters become analysis target and mathematical settlement and equalization system of neted data of that is huge, same time collection of all datas can lift difficulty etc.. These main weakness puts in structural relation between elements that compose system. Therefore, dynamics research that time urea of systematic adjustment has selected method code Tuesday nerve dynamics enemy who groping of approach that become analysis point is proper and do with recycling bioelectricity signal. Nature model of do living body signal digital analysis chapter as research result could be developed and scientific foundation groping could apply HSS (Hardware-software system) by rehalibitation purpose. Special quality that is done radish form Tuesday of bioelectricity signal formation furthermore studied, and by the result, fundamental process of bodysignal in do structure circuit form of analog - digital water supply height modelling do can

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.53-75
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• 2015

This paper provides an overview of the role of membranes in bioelectrochemical systems (BESs). Bioelectrochemical systems harvest clean energy from waste organic sources by employing indigenous exoelectrogenic bacteria. This energy is extracted in the form of bioelectricity or valuable biofuels such as ethanol, methane, hydrogen, and hydrogen peroxide. Various types of membranes were applied in these systems, the most common membrane being the cation exchange membrane. In this paper, we discuss three major bioelectrochemical technology research areas namely microbial fuel cells (MFCs), microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) and microbial desalination cells (MDCs). The operation principles of these BESs, role of membranes in these systems and various factors that affect their performance and economics are discussed in detail. Among the three technologies, the MFCs may be functional with or without membranes as separators while the MECs and MDCs require membrane separators. The preliminary economic analysis shows that the capital and operational costs for BESs will significantly decrease in the future due mainly to differences in membrane costs. Currently, MECs appear to be cost-competitive and energy-yielding technology followed by MFCs. Future research endeavors should focus on maximizing the process benefits while simultaneously minimizing the membrane costs related to fouling, maintenance and replacement.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.303-310
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• 2023

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are a bioelectrochemical system where electrochemically active bacteria convert organic waste into electricity. Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and chitosan (CS) are polymers that have been studied as potential alternative ion exchange membranes to Nafion for many electrochemical systems. This study examined the optimal mixing ratio of PVA and chitosan CS in a PVA:CS composite membrane for MFC applications. PVA:CS composite membranes with 1:1, 2:1, and 3:1 ratios were synthesized and tested. The water uptake and ion exchange capacity, Fourier transform infrared spectra, and scanning electron microscopy images were analyzed to determine the physicochemical properties of PVA:CS membranes. The prepared membranes were applied to the ion exchange membrane of the MFC system, and their effects on the electrochemical performance were evaluated. These results showed that the composite membrane with a 3:1 (PVA:CS) ratio showed comparable performance to the commercialized Nafion membrane and produced more electricity than the other synthesized membranes. The PVA:CS membrane implemented MFCs produced a maximum power density of 0.026 mW cm^-2 from organic waste with stable performance. Therefore, it can be applied to a cost-effective MFC system.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.185-192
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• 2013

Objectives : Many studies have investigated the electric specificity of meridian and acupoint. However, the definition about the real substance of 'Ki(Qi)' that flows in the meridian has not been established yet. The authors hypothesized that the 'Ki(Qi)' may be the very 'bioelectricity' of western medicine, from two common features that they are not visible with naked eyes and that they function in the living body only. Methods : 20 healthy adults participated in this study. Heart rate was measured before and after exercise. Acupuncture was performed at PC6 immediately after exercise with counter balance in the first experiment. In the second experiment, acupuncture group was further divided to the three groups, i.e. glove acupuncture group, manual acupuncture group, and NaCl acupuncture group. In the glove group, acupuncturist put on the two folds of latex gloves to block bioelectric currents between the acupuncturist and subject. In the NaCl group, acupuncturist had his fingertips wet with NaCl solution. Results : Exercise increased Heart Rate and acupuncture at PC6 inhibited this increase. In the second experiment, the significant difference compared to the comtrol group was the most in NaCl acupuncture and the least in Glove acupuncture. However, there was no significant difference between three groups. Conclusions : The results of this study seem to be deficient as a conclusive evidence for the hypothesis that the 'Ki(Qi)' of Korean Medicine is the 'bioelectricity' of western medicine.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제29권11호
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• pp.2189-2194
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• 2008

• 한국컴퓨터산업학회논문지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.437-446
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• 2006

모바일 컴퓨터는 현대기술의 보조적 역할보다는 중추적인 역할을 제공하고 새로운기술을 생리학적 개념의 정확성을 재고하고, 창조적으로 재건할 수 있다. 병적징후들이 질병으로 발전되기 휠씬 이전에 재활전, 후 변화를 유도하는 과정에 개입할 수 있는 가능성을 제공해 준다. 그러나 많은 파라미터가 분석대상, 수학적 처리 및 얻어진 데이터의 평준화 시스템의 거대함, 모든 데이터의 동시수집이 어려움 등을 들 수 있다. 이러한 주점은 시스템을 구성하는 요소들간의 구조적인 연관성에 두고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 시스템적 조절의 시간적 요소가 지니는 역학연구가 분석핵심이 되는 접근법의 모색이 타당하고 재활용 생체전기 신호를 바탕으로 하는 신경역학적 코드화 방법을 채택했다. 연구결과, 생체신호 디지털 분석장치의 바탕모델이 개발할 수가 있었고 학문적인 모색을 목적으로 재활치료용HSS(Hardware-software system)를 적용시킬 수가 있었다. 나아가 모바일기반의 생체전기 신호형성의 비전형화된 특성이 연구되었고 그 결과, 생체계측 신호의 기본적인 과정을 아날로그-디지털 송수신장치의 구조회로 형태로 모델링 할 수 있었다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2006년도 제37회 하계학술대회 논문집 D
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• pp.2167-2168
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• 2006

Mobilecomputer of offers more fundamental role than role assistance enemy of modem technology equipment and new Information Technology can reconsider, and reconstruct creatively accuracy of physiological concept. That military register symptoms are developed of disease, before far before rehalibitation, of for possibility that can intervene in process that motive change of military register symptoms after rehalibitation. But, that many parameters become analysis target and mathematical settlement and equalization system of noted data of that is huge, same time collection of all datas can lift difficulty etc.. These main weakness puts in structural relation between elements that compose system. Therefore, dynamics research that time urea of systematic adjustment has selected method code Tuesday nerve dynamics enemy who groping of approach that become analysis point is proper and do with recycling bioelectricity signal. Nature model of do living body signal digital analysis chapter as research result could be developed and scientific foundation groping could apply HSS (Hardware-software system) by rehalibitation purpose. Special quality that isdone radish form Tuesday of bioelectricity signal formation furthermore studied, and by the result, fundamental process of bodysignal in do structure circuit form of analog - digital water supply height modelling do can.