• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.431-471
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• 1996

Korean ginseng has been thought and used the most very important medicinal herb among the oriental medicinal drugs for thounds of years Korean ginseng had many ingredients such as tripenoid saponins. Nitrogen compounds, polysaccharides, polyacetylenic compounds and lipid compounds. Korean ginseng has wide effects in the various systems of human such as nervous system. Vascular system. Digestive system. endocrine system, immune system. etc. Many researchess who were interested in the biological effects of Korean ginseng have concerned the tripenoid saponins among the components of ginseng and carried out to find the effects of ginseng using the various experimental system. From their results, it was unveiled many effects of Korean ginseng gractually in the experimental systems and shown that Korean ginseng has various effects in the biological system. But recent studies has been carried out to the difference ginseng components, besides ginseng saponin thought to have various effects in biological systems. Also the functional mechanism of ginseng in the biological system is limited but the basic research to elucidate the mysterious effects of ginseng has been preferred. In this review, we focus on biological effects of Korean ginseng. Especially physiological and biochemical aspects in biological systems.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.443-448
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• 2008

Multidomain proteins for the biochemical analysis of the scouring efficiency of cotton fabrics were constructed by the fusion of a reporter moiety in the N-terminal and the cellulose binding domain (CBD) in the C-terminal. Based on the specific binding of the CBD of Cellulomonas fimi exoglucanase (Cex) to crystalline cellulose (Avicel), the reporter protein is guided to the cellulose fibers that are increasingly exposed as the scouring process proceeds. Among the tested reporter proteins, a thermostable ${\beta}$-glycosidase (BglA) from Thermus caldophilus was found to be most appropriate, showing a higher applicability and stability than GFP, DsRed2, or a tetrameric ${\beta}$-glycosidase (GUS) from Escherichia coli, which were precipitated more seriously during the expression and purification steps. When cotton fabrics with different scouring levels were treated with the BglA-CBD and incubated with X-Gal as the chromogenic substrate, an indigo color became visible within 2 h, and the color depth changed according to the conditions and extent of the scouring.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.257-263
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• 2004

This study were carried out to investigate isolation of Pasteurella multocida from respiratory disorder piglets, to examine the biochemical properties and antimicrobial susceptibility. The results were summarized as follows; P multocida was isolated from 31($10.3\%$) of the 302 respiratory disorder or growing piglets of $4{\sim}10$ week olds. The majority of biochemical and cultural properties of the P multocida isolates were identical to those of the standard strains. The isolates were highly susceptible to norfloxacin($100.0\%$), enrofloxacin($96.8\%$) and ampicillin($87.1\%$), but resistant to streptomycin ($77.4\%$), penicillin($61.2\%$) and neomycin($54.8\%$).

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.161-165
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• 1982

Biochemical and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were conducted on 40 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa originated from diseased chicken submitted for diagnosis to this Institute during 1978-80. An extensive study of the biochemical properties revealed that the tested strains can be identified with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antibiogram showed that all the strains were susceptible to gentamicin, colistin and amikacin but resist to nitrofurantoin, trimethoprim+sulfamethoxazole, ampicillin, methicillin and kanamycin, and had varing degreed of resistance to other antimicrobials including carbenicillin, sulfomamides, neomycin, streptomycin, tetracycline and chloramphenicol. Three of the most frequent resitance patterns observed were FM SXT AM ME KM CM TC SM NE SSS Pattern, FM SXT AM ME KM CM TC SM NE SSS CB Pattern and FM SXT AM EKM CM TC SM Pattern, and these resistance patterns contained 72.5% of the tested strains.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.320-324
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• 1995

Pretreatment of Glycyrrhizae Radix(GR) to male Sprague-Dawley rats was demonstrated to increase excretion of acetaminophen-glucuronide ocnjugate when bile nad urine were assayed after administration of acetaminophen. In order to study the effect of GR on the glucuronidation in rats, we examined enzymatic activities of hepatic UDP-glucuronosyl-transferases (UDP-GT1 and UDP-GT2) and intracellular concentrations of hepatic UDP-glucuronic acid (UDP-GA), upon the administration of GR (1 g/kg body weight, p.o.) or glycyrrhizin (23 mg/kg body weight, p.o.) a major component of GR, for 6 days. GR and glycyrrhizin caused increases in specific activities of UDP-GT2 111% and 96% respectively. Specific activity of UDP-GT1 was increased 25% by GR treatment whereas it was not significantly increased by glycyrrhizin. Concentrations of UDP-GA were increased 257% by GR and 484% by glycyrrhizin. These data indicate that GR activated glucuronidation and thus suggest the possibility that GR may influence detoxification of xenobiotics in rat liver.

• Carbon letters
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.70-73
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• 2016

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.25 no.9
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• pp.1262-1268
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• 2012

The present investigation was designed to determine whether supplementation of different level of vitamin E for 12 months to arsenic exposed goats (50 ppm as sodium arsenite) affords protection against the blood hemato-biochemical parameters caused by the metalloid. A total of 24 crossbred (Alpine${\times}$Beetal) lactating goats were assigned randomly into 4 equal groups (control, $T_1$, $T_2$ and $T_3$) of 6 in each, on the basis of average body weight ($36.10{\pm}0.11$ kg) and milk yield ($1.61{\pm}0.04$ kg/d). The animals in $T_1$, $T_2$ and $T_3$ were given 50 ppm arsenic, while in $T_2$ and $T_3$, additionally; vitamin E at the rate of 100 IU and 150 IU/kg dry matter (DM) respectively was additionally supplemented for the period of 12 months. Hemoglobin (Hb), total leukocyte (TLC) and blood lymphocyte % were decreased (p<0.05) in arsenic fed groups and vitamin E supplementation in the experimental group showed a protective potential. Significant increases (p<0.05) in aspertate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) activities among arsenic supplemented groups were recorded, however vitamin E supplementation at higher doses showed a protective effect (p<0.05) against AST but in the case of ALT no ameliorating effect was found in either of the doses. Plasma total protein was decreased (p>0.05) but creatinine level was periodically increased in all As supplemented groups and vitamin E supplementation did not produce any protective effect. It can be concluded that arsenic exposure resulted in varying degree of changes in hemato-biochemical parameters and activities of antioxidant enzymes in goats but concomitant treatment with Vitamin E is partially helpful in reducing the burden of arsenic induced effect.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.413-420
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• 1990

The present study was conducted to investigate biochemical properties and antimicrobial drug susceptibilities of 47 strains of E rhusiopathiae isolated from the cases of acute septicemic swine erysipelas in Youngnam and Kyunggi provinces during the period from June 1988 to December 1989. The isolants were identified as E rhusiopathiae on the basis of cellular and colonial morphology, and characteristic reactions in some biochemical tests. All the organisms produced hydrogen sulfide in triple sugar iron agar and showed the characteristic "pipe cleaner" type of growth in gelatin stab cultures. The majority of biochemical and cultural properties of E rhusiopathiae isolated from pigs affected with acute erysipelas were identical to those of the reference strains employed. All the isolates were highly susceptible to penicillin G, ampicillin, erythromycin (MIC:0.025~0.39IU or ${\mu}g/ml$), and moderately susceptible to oleandomycin, oxytetracycline, chloramphenicol(MIC:$0.78{\sim}25{\mu}g/ml$). Kanamycin and sulfadimethoxine showed no activity against the isolates(MIC:>$400{\mu}g/ml$). The MICs of dihydrostreptomycin presented two distribution peaks; of 47 strains, 5(10.6%) were resistant to dihydrostreptomycin (MIC:$400{\mu}g/ml$), while the majority of them were susceptible to the drug.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.155-164
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• 2014

Recently interest on production of biogas from biomass resources has increased because of climate change in worldwide. In this study, anaerobic digestion efficiency of 17 different types of agricultural waste was evaluated using biochemical methane production potential estimated from the International biochemical methane potential standard method (Germany VDI4630). As a result, theoretical biochemical methane potential ($B_{th}$) of agricultural waste biomass ranged from 0.266 to $0.488Nm^3kg^{-1}$-Volatile Solid $(VS)_{added}$. Ultimate biochemical methane potential ($B_u$) of agricultural waste biomass ranged between 0.176 and $0.417Nm^3kg^{-1}-VS_{added}$. The agricultural waste biomass anaerobic biodegradability with $B_u/B_{th}$ and VDI4630 determined by VS contents was 36.0~95.9% and 30.8~91.1%, respectively. Ultimate methane potential and anaerobic biodegradability given by the VS term showed more reasonable results.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.341-351
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• 1999

Biochemical markers of bone turnover has received increasing attention over the past few years, because of the need for sensitive and specific tool in the clinical investigation of osteoporosis. Bone markers should be unique to bone, reflect changes of bone loss, and should be correlated with radiocalcium kinetics, histomorphometry, or changes in bone mass. The markers also should be useful in monitoring treatment efficacy. Although no bone marker has been established to meet all these criteria, currently osteocalcin and pyridinium crosslinks are the most efficient markers to assess the level of bone turnover in the menopausal and senile osteoporosis. Recently, N-terminal telopeptide (NTX), C-terminal telopeptide (CTX) and bone specific alkaline phosphatase are considered as new valid markers of bone turnover. Recent data suggest that CTX and free deoxypyridinoline could predict the subsequent risk of hiP fracture of elderly women. Treatment of postmenopausal women with estrogen, calcitonin and bisphosphonates demonstrated rapid decrease of the levels of bone markers that correlated with the long-term increase of bone mass. Factors such as circadian rhythms, diet, age, sex, bone mass and renal function affect the results of biochemical markers and should be appropriately adjusted whenever possible. Each biochemical markers of bone turnover may have its own specific advantages and limitations. Recent advances in research will provide more sensitive and specific assays.