• 제목/요약/키워드: biochemical indicator

검색결과 95건 처리시간 0.021초

Dietary Protein Restriction on Growth and Immuno-biochemical Response of Crossbred Calves during Post-ruminant Phase of Life

  • Sahoo, A.;Mishra, S.C.;Pathak, N.N.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제15권8호
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    • pp.1121-1127
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    • 2002
  • Sixteen crossbred (Bos indicus${\times}$Bos taurus) calves were randomly distributed in two groups (NP and LP) of eight calves each to study the effect of restricted (75%) protein supply on growth and immuno-biochemical response as an indicator of production and health of under-nourished animals during 3 to 9 months of age. The normal requirement of protein was provided to group NP and a less of 25% to group LP through calculated amount of concentrate and roughage in their daily ration. Assessment was made for weekly change in live weight, periodic alteration in blood metabolites and immunological status at six months of age in calves. An initial (during 3 to 6 months of age) depression (p<0.05) in growth was seen in low protein fed group (LP) compared to NP, which became non-significant in the later period of life (6 to 9 months of age). There was no significant effect on haemoglobin, total protein, albumin and globulin concentration except that of urea, which was decreased significantly (p<0.05) in animals fed on low protein diet ($19.83{\pm}1.25$ vs $25.93{\pm}1.29mg/dl$). The treatment effect that was seen in different periods of life was not uniform for other parameters except for urea, which showed a regular depression in LP compared to NP. The assessment of immunological status by indirect haemagglutination (IHA) test against Pasteurella multocida (P52 strain) was considerably (p<0.05) reduced in animals on LP ration compared to those on NP. It is thus argued that with poor nutrition (low protein) and state of compromised immunological response the production and health of the animals will be adversely affected.

운동 시 대사적 산성화에 관한 고찰 (The Review of Metabolic Acidosis During Exercise)

  • 윤병곤
    • 한국응용과학기술학회지
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    • 제35권4호
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    • pp.1433-1441
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    • 2018
  • 고강도 운동 시 산성화의 과정은 수소이온의 방출과 젖산 나트륨염을 형성하는 젖산의 생산 증가에 따른 것이라 설명되어져 왔다. 이 설명에 의하면, 젖산의 생산 비율이 세포내의 수소이온 완충능력을 초과하였을 때 세포의 수소이온 농도는 증가한다고 한다. 이러한 생화학적 과정을 젖산의 산성화라 한다. 이 이론에 따라 고강도 운동 시 젖산의 생산이 대사적 산성화와 피로의 원인이 되는 것으로 해석되어져 왔다. 그러나, 본 고찰에서는 젖산의 생산이 산성화와 피로의 원인이라는 어떠한 생화학적 근거가 없음을 명확히 제시하고 있다. 오히려 젖산의 생산은 해당과정에서 필요한 $NAD^+$의 지속적인 공급을 위해 필수적이며 수소이온을 소비하는 대사과정이다. 젖산의 축적은 세포와 혈중의 수소이온 농도의 증가를 알려주는 좋은 지표가 될 수는 있지만 그것이 산성화의 직접적인 원인은 아니다.

과체중과 비만 여성의 HbA1c 지표에 따른 당뇨병 예방을 위한 영양상담의 효과 (Benefits of Nutrition Consultation for Preventing Diabetes According to HbA1c Levels in Overweight and Obese Women)

  • 권용진;선우섭;문황운;박유경
    • 대한영양사협회학술지
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    • 제19권2호
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    • pp.112-123
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    • 2013
  • HbA1c was recently adopted as a reliable indicator for screening diabetes. This study investigated the ability of nutrition consultation to prevent diabetes in overweight women (BMI 23 $kg/m^2$ or more) using HbA1c as an indicator. Twenty overweight and obese women (with $HbA1c{\geq}5.7$%) completed the 12-week nutritional study, with individual and personalized nutrition counseling performed every 2 weeks. The main study guidelines involved the following: 1) reducing the intake of high fat foods and alcohol, 2) consuming a large amount of vegetables, 3) reducing the intake of simple sugars and empty-calorie foods, and 4) increasing physical activity to ${\geq}30$ min/day. Anthropometric (height, weight, BMI, body muscle (kg), body fat (%), waist and hip circumference, blood pressure) and biochemical parameters (fasting blood sugar (FBS), HbA1c, lipid profiles, hs-CRP) were measured before and after the nutrition consultation. After 12 weeks, the HbA1c<5.7% group had significant decreases in BMI, WC, HC, WHR, HbA1c, hs-CRP and also dietary intake of energy (P<0.01), carbohydrates, lipids (P<0.01), proteins (P<0.01) and cholesterol was significantly decreased (P<0.05). In the HbA1c ${\geq}5.7$% group, HbA1c, TC, LDL, NON-HDL, hs-CRP and dietary intake of energy, carbohydrate, lipid, protein, and cholesterol significantly decreased (P<0.05). These results suggest that nutrition consultation effectively helps to prevent diabetes in overweight and obese women after applying HbA1c standards. Overall, the improvement in all markers measured suggest that HbA1c is a good indicator for blood glucose regulation, helping to prevent diabetes.

생물화학적 산소요구량 농도예측을 위하여 데이터 전처리 접근법을 결합한 새로운 이단계 하이브리드 패러다임 (Novel two-stage hybrid paradigm combining data pre-processing approaches to predict biochemical oxygen demand concentration)

  • 김성원;서영민;자크로프 마샵;말릭 아누락
    • 한국수자원학회논문집
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    • 제54권spc1호
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    • pp.1037-1051
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    • 2021
  • 주요한 수질지표 중의 하나인 생물화학적 산소요구량(BOD) 농도는 호소와 하천에서 생태학적 측면에서 관측항목으로 취급하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 대한민국의 도산 및 황지지점에서 BOD 농도예측을 위하여 새로운 이단계 하이브리드 패러다임(웨이블릿 기반 게이트 순환 유닛, 웨이블릿 기반 일반화된 회귀신경망, 그리고 웨이블릿 기반 랜덤 포레스트) 을 활용하였다. 이러한 모형들은 각 대응하는 독립모형들(게이트 순환 유닛, 일반화된 회귀신경망, 그리고 랜덤 포레스트) 과 함께 평가되었다. 다양한 수질 및 수량지표들이 여러 개의 입력조합(분류1-5) 을 기본으로 하여 독립 및 이단계 하이브리드 모형을 개발하기 위하여 구현되었다. 언급한 모형들은 root mean squared error (RMSE), Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), 그리고 correlation coefficient (CC) 를 포함한 세 개의 통계지표로서 평가되었으며, 통계결과치를 분석하면 이단계 하이브리드 모형들이 항상 대응하는 독립모형들의 예측 정도를 개선하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 대한민국의 도산관측소에서는 DWT-RF5 (RMSE = 0.108 mg/L) 모형이 다른 최적모형과 비교하여 BOD 농도의 더 정확한 예측을 나타내었으며, 황지관측소에서는 DWT-GRNN4 (RMSE = 0.132 mg/L) 모형이 BOD 농도를 예측하는 최고의 모형이다.

WASP8 모형의 하천 미세플라스틱 모의 적용성 검토 (Applicability of the WASP8 in simulating river microplastic concentration)

  • 김경민;박태진;정한석
    • 한국수자원학회논문집
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    • 제56권5호
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    • pp.337-345
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    • 2023
  • 미세플라스틱 분석에는 많은 비용과 인력, 그리고 긴 분석시간이 필요하기 때문에 하천에서의 연속적 미세플라스틱 관측에는 한계가 있다. 이와 같은 한계는 일반적으로 모형의 활용을 통해 보완될 수 있으나, 미세플라스틱의 거동 모의를 위한 모형 연구는 상당히 제한적으로 수행되었다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 하천 수질 오염원의 거동을 이해하고 예측하는 데 많이 활용되는 물리식 기반 동적 수치모형인 Water Quality Analysis Simulation Program (WASP)의 미세플라스틱 오염예측에의 적용성을 검토하였다. 이를 위해, 안양천 대상 미세플라스틱 실측자료와 WASP8의 생화학적 산소요구량(BOD)과 부유물질(SS) 상태변수를 미세플라스틱 대리인자로 이용하여 안양천의 미세플라스틱 농도를 모의하였다. 모의결과, SS를 이용한 미세플라스틱 모의가 BOD를 이용한 모의보다 미세플라스틱 농도 모의에 더 좋은 성능을 나타냈다. 이는 상태변수로 이용한 각 수질인자의 특성에 기인한 것으로 생물화학적 지표인 BOD는 생물화학적으로 매우 안정된 미세플라스틱 모의에 대리인자로 사용하기에 적합하지 않은 것으로 판단된다. 반면, 미세플라스틱과 물리적 거동이 유사한 SS의 경우 미세플라스틱의 농도변화 추세를 잘 반영하였다. 향후, 보다 엄밀한 모형을 통한 미세플라스틱 오염 예측을 위해서는 미세플라스틱 재현성 평가를 위한 다양한 환경조건에서의 기초적인 미세플라스틱 조사 연구가 요구되며, 미세플라스틱 입력자료의 단위문제가 해결되어야 한다.

더블 빔 구조, 다파장 분석을 적용한 연속식 실시간 COD 측정 센서 개발 (Development of Continuous Real-time COD Measurement Sensor with Double Beam and Multiple Wavelength Analysis)

  • 이준석;신대정;형기우;류인재
    • 센서학회지
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    • 제23권4호
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    • pp.272-277
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    • 2014
  • At present, the index of chemical oxygen demand (COD) is widely used as an indicator of organic water pollution with biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). But, traditional COD measurement method are not only with various chemical reagents exhausted, but also long time consumed, the operation procedure and the modification are much professional. This paper reported a novel COD measurement system using double-beam and multiple wavelength analysis UV-VIS spectrometries. It consists of pulsed xenon lamp, two-way optical fiber, optical switch, spectrometer and main processor. Proposed COD measurement system obtains any spectral information of water sample (KHP standard sample and two river water and wastewater) and reference sample (distilled water) in the range of 200~520 nm, corresponding to the COD concentration from 0 to 300 mg/L through calculating the UV absorbance. The system show improved precision and can work continuously fast at time interval about 25 seconds.

1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylate Deaminase from Pseudomonas fluorescens Promoting the Growth of Chinese Cabbage and Its Polyclonal Antibody

  • Soh, Byoung Yul;Lee, Gun Woong;Go, Eun Byeul;Kim, Byeo-Ri;Lee, Kui-Jae;Chae, Jong-Chan
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제24권5호
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    • pp.690-695
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    • 2014
  • Bacterial 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxlyate (ACC) deaminase (AcdS) is an enzyme that cleaves ACC, a precursor of the plant hormone ethylene, into ${\alpha}$-ketobutyrate and ammonia. The acdS gene was cloned from Pseudomonas fluorescens, which was capable of improving the seedling of Chinese cabbage under salinity condition. The recombinant AcdS (rAcdS) exhibited optimal activity at pH 8.5 and $30^{\circ}C$. Strong activity was sustained at up to 100 mM NaCl. The polyclonal anti-P. fluorescens AcdS antibody was produced in a rabbit that had been immunized with the purified rAcdS. This antibody successfully recognized the homologous antigens derived from the total proteins of isolated plant growth-promoting microorganisms. A statistically significant correlation was observed between the intensity of hybridization signal and AcdS activity measured by a biochemical method, suggesting its application as a useful indicator for active deaminases.

혈청 25-hydroxyvitamin D 수준이 낮은 폐경 후 여성에서 나타난 위험 인자 분석 (Investigation of Risk Factors of Low Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D Levels in Korean Menopausal Women)

  • 문주재
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • 제29권9호
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    • pp.981-990
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    • 1996
  • To define the risk facots of subclinical vitamin D deficiency in postmenopausal women, circulating serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, known to be the indicator of vitamin D status, were measured and risk faxtors affecting it were investigated in 27 women with low 25-hydoxyvitamin d level(ie, the study group : serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D<10ng/ml) by comparing to 55 age-matched control(the control group) were analyzed. The serum level of 25-hydorxyvitamin D was analyzed by HPLC(High Pressure Liquid Chor-matography) and analyzed biochemical parameter. The following information was obtained by interviews : sociodemographic charateristics, the intake of food containing vitamin D, proxy measure of sunlight exposure(time spent outdoors), and reprocuctive histpry of the subjects. The study group had significantly lower levels of serum calcium, increased levels of iPTH and alkaline phosphatase, Among the dietary determents, energy, protein, fat, calcium, phophorus, and vitamin D intakes were lower in the study group than the normal group. The time spent outdoors in a day was not significantly different between the two groups. However, during the day, a specific time of time spent out doors between 12:00 and 14:00 was significantly lower in the study group. Logistic analysis revealed that vitamin D and calcium intake were more important affecting factors than the time spent outdoors in post menopausal women.

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사회복지 시설 여자 노인의 영양 건강 상태 -I. 영양소 섭취량 및 생화학적 건강상태- (The Nutritional Status of the Female Elderly Residents in Nursing Home -I. Nutritional and Biochemical Health Status-)

  • 송요숙
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • 제28권11호
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    • pp.1100-1116
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    • 1995
  • Nutritional and health status was assessed in the 86 healthy elderly women who aged 65 through 96 and resided in nursing home in chonbuk area. Nutritional status was determined by dietary intake, anthropometric and hematological indices and hair elements. Correlation analysis among nutritional indices were performed to identify the factors which related specifically to nutritional status of the elderly. Nutrients intake below two-thirds of the RDA were Ca, riboflavin and niacin. Especially mean Ca intake was only 51.9% of RDA and most of nutrients intake were decreased as theri age increased. Height, body weight and mid upper arm circumference were decreased with age but W/H ratio did not differ among age groups. These data suggested that body fat accumulation did not change with age but lean body mass was decreased with age in the elderly. Waist circumference was positively correlated to dietary fat intake, and body weight, BMI, waist and hip circumferences and total body fat were positively correlated with serum LDC/HDL ratio. It could be concluded anthropometric indices were good indicator that reflect the lipid nutritional status in elderly women. Hematological indices, Hb, RBC, MCH, albumin, globulin, transferrin levels, belonged to normal ranges of aged women. However, the lowest Hb level showed in the oldest-old group(aged 85 and over years group). The avalilavilty of hair analysis to measure nutritional status was tested. There were not found any significant correlations between many kinds of nutritional indices and hair elements except hair Zn content which was positively correlated with BMI.

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남한강 수계에서 장기 이화학적 수질특성에 대한 토지이용도 및 계절성 강우의 영향 (Influence of Landuse Pattern and Seasonal Precipitation on the Long-term Physico-chemical Water Quality in Namhan River Watershed)

  • 이지은;최지웅;안광국
    • 한국환경과학회지
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    • 제21권9호
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    • pp.1115-1129
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    • 2012
  • The objective of this study was to analyze long-term annual and seasonal trends of water chemistry on landuse patterns and seasonal precipitation using 72 sampling sites within Namhan River watershed during 2001-2010. Water quality, based on multi-parameters of water temperature(WT), dissolved oxygen(DO), biochemical oxygen demand(BOD), chemical oxygen demand(COD), suspended solids(SS), total nitrogen(TN), total phosphorus(TP), and electric conductivity(EC) varied largely depending on monsoon rain and landuse patterns such as forest, cropland, and residence. Concentrations of BOD and COD as an indicator for organic matter pollution, increased during summer monsoon season at the cropland and residential streams. Values of TN and TP were higher in residential streams than in the forest and cropland streams. In the meantime, DO values had weak relations to the landuse patterns of forest and cropland cover. Water quality was worst in cropland and residential streams, and also most degradated in 4th order streams. Overall, our results suggest that efficient water quality management is required in the cropland and residential landuse streams.