• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
• /
• 2011.07a
• /
• pp.429-430
• /
• 2011

This paper presents a simple and cost-effective stand-alone rapid battery charging system of 30kW for electric vehicles. The proposed system mainly consists of active front-end rectifier of neutral point clamped 3-level type and non-isolated bi-directional dc-dc converter of multi-phase interleaved half-bridge topology with coupled inductors. The charging system is designed to operate for both lithium-polymer and lithium-ion batteries. The complete charging sequence is made up of three sub-interval operating modes; pre-charging mode, constant-current mode, and constant-voltage mode. The pre-charging mode employs the staircase shaped current profile to accomplish shorter charging time while maintaining the reliable operation of the battery. The proposed system is able to reach the full-charge state within less than 16min for the battery capacity of 8kWh by supplying the charging current of 67A. The optimal discharging algorithm for Vehicle to the Grid (V2G) operation has been adopted to maintain the discharging current of 1C. Owing to the simple and compact power conversion scheme, the proposed solution has superior module-friendly mechanical structure which is absolutely required to realize flexible power expansion capability in a very high-current rapid charging system.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.26-36
• /
• 2013

This paper presents a simple and cost-effective stand-alone rapid battery charging system of 30kW for electric vehicles. The proposed system mainly consists of active front-end rectifier of neutral point clamped 3-level type and non-isolated bi-directional dc-dc converter of multi-phase interleaved half-bridge topology. The charging system is designed to operate for both lithium-polymer and lithium-ion batteries. The complete charging sequence is made up of three sub-interval operating modes; pre-charge mode, constant-current mode, and constant-voltage mode. The pre-charge mode employs the stair-case shaped current profile to accomplish shorter charging time while maintaining the reliable operation of the battery. The proposed system is specified to reach the full-charge state within less than 16min for the battery capacity of 8kWh by supplying the charging current of 78A. Owing to the simple and compact power conversion scheme, the proposed solution has superior module-friendly mechanical structure which is absolutely required to realize flexible power expansion capability in a very high-current rapid charging system.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.57-63
• /
• 2014

In this paper a bidirectional DC-DC converter is proposed for renewable energy systems, eco-friendly vehicles, energy storage systems, uninterruptible power supply(UPS) systems and battery test equipments. The two-stage bidirectional converter employing a fixed-frequency series loaded resonant converter is designed to be capable of operating under zero-current-switching turn on and turn off regardless of voltage and load variation, and hence its magnetic components and EMI filters can be optimized. And efficiencies and volumes of the two-stage bidirectional converters are compared according to configuration of isolated and non-isolated parts and a two-stage topology suitable for low voltage and high current applications is proposed. A 12kW(12V, 1000A) prototype of the proposed converter has been built and tested to verify the validity of the proposed operation.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
• /
• v.25 no.5
• /
• pp.333-342
• /
• 2020

Power exchanges between the grid and the battery through a bidirectional DC-DC converter are essential for DC microgrid systems. In general, the battery is charged when the grid is connected, and the system is powered by the battery when the grid is disconnected. In this mode transition, the saturation of the voltage controller slows down output response and produces large transient errors in DC link voltage. To solve this problem, a novel anti-windup design is proposed to improve anti-windup performance further. The proposed method stabilizes DC bus voltage through a wider range of battery voltage with faster transition compared with that of conventional methods. The proposed method is verified through an experimental setup composed of a 125 W laboratory-scale DC microgrid system.

• Journal of Power Electronics
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.399-413
• /
• 2016

This paper presents a topology for a modular power electronic transformer (PET) and a control scheme. The proposed PET consists of a cascaded H-Bridge rectifier on the primary side, a high-frequency DC/DC conversion cell in the center, and a cascaded H-Bridge inverter on the secondary side. It is practical to use PETs in power systems to reduce the cost, weight and size. A detailed analysis of the structure is carried out by using equivalent circuit. An algorithm to control the voltages of each capacitor and to maintain the power flow in the PET is established. The merits are analyzed and verified in theory, including the bi-directional power flow, variable voltage/frequency and high power factor on the primary side. The experimental results validated the propose structure and algorithm.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
• /
• v.60 no.3
• /
• pp.544-551
• /
• 2011

This paper presents the circuit arrangement and effective control method of regenerative energy storage system for an electric vehicle using super-capacitors as the braking energy storage element. A bi-directional controlled current flow of the DC-DC converters with the capacitor bank is connected in parallel with battery, and is controlled so that the whole of the braking energy is effectively absorbed into the capacitors and released back to the electric motor upon acceleration. The converter needs the series-parallel switching circuit for making the best use of the series capacitors and for limiting the step-up ratio of the boost converter. The proposed methods are verified by computer simulation and experimental set-up. They are usefully applied to the electric vehicles such as green cars, electric motorcycles, bike, etc which are power- supplied by the electric batteries.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
• /
• 2014.07a
• /
• pp.27-28
• /
• 2014

최근 배출가스 규제로 인해 연비 개선에 대한 노력을 하고 있다. 그 중에서도 기존의 내연기관 자동차에 결합하여 연비를 개선할 수 있는 ISG 시스템의 개발이 활발하게 진행되어 왔다. ISG 시스템은 모터를 구동하기 위한 인버터, 회생에너지를 저장하기 위한 에너지 저장장치 및 저 전압 배터리를 충전하기 위한 양방향 DC-DC 컨버터로 구성되어 있다. 현재 ISG 구동용 모터와 인버터는 일체형으로 개발되고 있으며, 에너지 저장장치와 양방향 DC-DC 컨버터 또한 일체형으로 개발을 진행중에 있다. 부피와 가격 경쟁력을 확보하기 위한 연구개발을 진행하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 ISG용 양방향 DC-DC 컨버터를 제안하고 실제 자동차의 연비모드 JC08모드에 의해서 주행하는 에너지 저장장치의 용량을 선정하여 통합적으로 설계를 진행하였으며, 시뮬레이션과 실험을 통해 양방향 DC-DC 컨버터를 구현한다.

• Journal of Power Electronics
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.1071-1087
• /
• 2017

This paper introduces a DC/AC converter, which can be connected in parallel with a diode rectifier for regenerative applications. The DC/AC converter is supposed to transmit regenerative energy to the power grid when a motor is braking. Isolation transformers are not needed in the topology, which can reduce the size and cost. An analysis of the zero-order current existing in the system is carried out. In addition, algorithms to minimize the zero-order current, control the power factor and keep the DC bus voltage stable are discussed. A 55kW industrial prototype is built to verify the proposed analysis and control strategies.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
• /
• 2014.07a
• /
• pp.421-422
• /
• 2014

본 논문에서는 저압 직류 배전 시스템의 구성방법 중 하나인 Bipolar System을 사용할 때 서로 다른 부하용량으로 인하여 발생하는 전압 불균형 문제를 보상하는 전압밸런서와 절연형 양방향 DC-DC 컨버터가 결합된 토폴로지를 제안하였다. 제안하는 DC-DC 컨버터의 1차측은 풀 브릿지 타입, 2차측 하프 브릿지 타입의 밸런싱 회로로 구성하여 따로 밸런서 없이 DC 그리드와 태양광 발전 시스템, ESS 시스템의 연계 및 전압밸런싱이 가능하다. 이와 같은 DC-DC 컨버터를 신재생 에너지와 연계하여 저압 직류 배전 시스템의 분산 전원으로 구성하였고, 시뮬레이션을 통하여 타당성을 검증하였다.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
• /
• 2012.07a
• /
• pp.337-338
• /
• 2012

본 논문에서는 전 영역 ZVS가 가능한 양방향 3상 절연형 인터리브드 DC-DC 컨버터의 제어방법에 대해 서술한다. 3상 절연형 인터리브드 DC-DC 컨버터는 모든 스위치가 ZVS동작을 하여 높은 효율을 갖고 3상 구조를 채택하여 전류경로의 분산을 통한 전력전달 능력의 증대 효과 및 입력전류 리플 크기를 줄여주는 인터리브드 효과를 갖는다. 승압/강압 능력이 있는 부스트/벅 컨버터의 구조는 낮은 권선비의 변압기로 높은 승압/강압 전력변환, 에너지원과 부하 사이에 절연이 가능한 구조이며, 인터리브 동작이 이루어짐에도 불구하고 3상을 각각 제어하지 않고 배터리의 전압전류와 출력전압만을 입력받아 벅모드와 부스트 모드 모두 전압, 전류제어를 수행함으로서 시스템의 간략화가 가능하였다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 제안된 DC-DC컨버터의 제어기를 구성하고 실험을 통해 확인하였다.