• 제목/요약/키워드: beta-ray detection

검색결과 23건 처리시간 0.028초

수중 내 베타선 모니터링 센서 개발을 위한 기초연구 (Feasibility Study on Development of an Underwater Beta-ray Monitoring Sensor)

  • 박혜민;주관식
    • 센서학회지
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    • 제25권5호
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    • pp.333-336
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    • 2016
  • In this study, a beta monitoring sensor was developed as a part of basic research for quantitative beta monitoring underwater, and its performance was evaluated using a calibration source. A beta detection sensor was manufactured by using SiPM(silicon photomultiplier) and $CaF_2$:Eu, YAG:Ce, YAP:Ce scintillator. A large-area light guide was introduced to improve beta-ray detection efficiency. As calibration sources, the Beta source $^{90}Sr$, which is the main fission product of a nuclear accident, and the gamma source $^{137}Cs$ are used. In the performance evaluation, it is confirmed that scintillator $CaF_2:Eu$ gives the highest beta-ray detection response. Compared to gamma ray, beta-ray detection responsivity and detection efficiency are verified. Therefore, this study is expected to contribute to basic research in the development of an underwater beta-ray monitoring system.

Feasibility study of β-ray detection system for small leakage from reactor coolant system

  • Jang, Jaeyeong;Jeong, Jae Young;Park, Junesic;Cho, Young-Sik;Pak, Kihong;Kim, Yong Kyun
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • 제54권7호
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    • pp.2748-2754
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    • 2022
  • Because existing reactant coolant system (RCS) leakage detection mechanisms are insensitive to small leaks, a real-time, direct detection system with a detection threshold below 0.5 gpm·hr-1 was studied. A beta-ray detection system using a silicon detector with good energy resolution for beta rays and a low gamma-ray response was proposed. The detection performance in the leakage condition was evaluated through experiments and simulations. The concentration of 16N in the coolant corresponding to a coolant leakage of 0.5 gpm was calculated using the analytic method and ORIGEN-ARP. Based on the concentration of 16N and the measurement of the silicon detector with 90Sr/90Y, the beta-ray count rate was estimated using MCNPX. To evaluate the effect of gamma rays inside the containment building, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was calculated. To evaluate the count rate ratio, the radiation field inside the containment building was simulated using MCNPX, and response evaluation experiments were performed using beta and gamma rays on the silicon detector. The expected beta-ray count rate at 0.5 gpm leakage was 7.26 × 105 counts/sec, and the signal-to-background count rate ratio exceeded 88 for a transport time of 10 s, demonstrating its suitability for operation inside a reactor containment building.

극저준위 방사성 폐기물을 위한 효율적인 ${\gamma}$-선 및 ${\beta}$-선 측정 방법 개발 (Development of Effective ${\gamma}$-ray and ${\beta}$-ray Detection Methods For Low-Level Radioactive Wastes)

  • 곽성우;염유선;김호경;조규성;박주완;김창락;송명재
    • Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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    • 제26권4호
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    • pp.393-398
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    • 2001
  • 매년 병원에서 사용 후 폐기되는 비가연성 폐기물은 ${\gamma}$-선과 ${\beta}$-선을 방출하지만 방사능은 주변방사능 수준으로 매우 낮다. 이를 측정하기 위한 기존의 방법은 비효율적이고 복잡하므로, 좀더 간단한 방법이 긴요하다. 본 논문에서는 측정 방사선의 특성상 핵종에 따라 다른 측정방법을 사용하였는데, ${\gamma}$-선 방출 핵종은 표준시료로부터 효율곡선식을 도출하여 미지의 방사능을 측정하였다 ${\beta}$-선 방출 핵종은 Monte Carlo 시뮬레이션을 통해 계측 효율을 예측하고 표면장벽형계측기로 측정하여 미지의 방사능 양을 결정하는 새로운 방법을 제시하였다. 연구결과에 의하면 이론적 계산치와 표면장벽형 계측기를 이용하면 전처리를 필요로하는 액체섬광계수기를 이용하지 않고 또한 계측효율을 결정하기 위한 비경제적인 표준시료 측정시험과정 없이도 저에너지 방사선을 약 17% 오차 범위내에서 결정할 수 있다고 판단된다.

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Plastic scintillator beta ray scanner for in-situ discrimination of beta ray and gamma ray radioactivity in soil

  • Bae, Jun Woo;Kim, Hee Reyoung
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • 제52권6호
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    • pp.1259-1265
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    • 2020
  • A beta ray scanner was proposed for in-situ discrimination of beta and gamma ray radioactivity. This scanner is based on the principle that gamma and beta rays experience different changes in detection efficiency in scintillators with different geometries, especially with regard to the scintillator thickness. The ratios of the counting rates of gamma rays (Rgamma), beta rays (Rbeta), and sample measurements (Rtotal) in a thick scintillator to those in a thin one are reported. The parameter Xthick, which represents the counting rate contributed by beta rays to the total counting rate in the thick scintillator, was derived as a function of those ratios. The values of Rgamma and Rbeta for 60Co and 90Sr sources were estimated as 3.2 ± 0.057 and 0.99 ± 0.0049, respectively. The estimated beta ray contributions had relative standard deviations of 2.05-4.96%. The estimated range of the beta rays emitted from 90Sr was 19 mm as per the Monte Carlo N-Particle simulation, and this value was experimentally verified. Homogeneous and surface contaminations of 60Co and 90Sr-90Y were simulated for application of the proposed method. The counting rate contributed by the beta rays was derived and found to be proportional to the concentration of 90Sr-90Y contamination.

배관 내부 방사능 오염도 측정용 ZnS(Ag)/BC-408 phoswich 검출기 개발 (Development of the ZnS(Ag)/BC-408 phoswich detector for monitoring radioactive contamination inside pipes)

  • 김계홍;박찬희;정종헌;이근우;서범경
    • Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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    • 제31권3호
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    • pp.123-128
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    • 2006
  • 원자력 시설의 해체 시 발생되는 다양한 종류의 폐기물 중에서 배관 내부의 알파/베타선 오염 특성을 직접 평가하기 위해서는 소형의 방사선 검출 시스템이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 배관 내부의 방사능 오염도를 직접 측정할 수 있는 장비 개발의 일환으로서 기존의 phoswich 검출기와 그 형태가 다른 ZnS(Ag)/플라스틱섬광체 조합의 알파/베타선 동시측정용 phoswich 검출기를 고안하였으며 섬광체 크기 및 검출 시스템의 최적 요건을 실험적으로 확인하고 알파/베타선 신호 분리도를 평가하였다. 그 결과 배관 내부의 오염도 측정에 적합한 phoswich 검출기의 최적 요건 및 배관 내부의 적용 가능성을 확인하였다.

알파 및 베타선 동시측정용 ZnS(Ag)/플라스틱 이중섬광체 검출센서 개발 (Development of ZnS(Ag)/plastic dual scintillator sheet for simultaneous alpha- and beta-ray counting)

  • 서범경;우주희;김계홍;이근우;이동규;정종현
    • 분석과학
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    • 제21권2호
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    • pp.117-122
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    • 2008
  • 표면오염도 측정용 검출소재로 주로 이용되고 있는 알파와 베타선의 동시 측정용 이중섬광체 검출소재를 개발하였다. 본 연구에서는 기존의 열용융 공정이 아닌, 고분자 소재를 용매로 녹여서 검출소재를 제조하는 용매법을 이용함으로써 제조공정을 단순화하였다. 베타선 측정용 플라스틱 섬광체는 유기섬광체, 고분자, 그리고 용매가 혼합된 용액을 도말한 후에 고형화하여 제조하였다. ZnS(Ag) 섬광체는 플라스틱 섬광체 위에 ZnS(Ag), 접착소재, 그리고 용매가 혼합된 용액을 스크린 프린팅 방법으로 도포하여 제조하였다. 제조한 이중섬광체의 알파선과 베타선에 대한 방사능 검출 성능을 평가한 결과 우수한 검출 성능을 확인하였으며, 표염오염도 측정용 소재로 적용이 가능함을 확인하였다.

휴대용 단말 기반 의료용 무선 방사선 모니터링 시스템 개발 (Development of a Portable Device Based Wireless Medical Radiation Monitoring System)

  • 박혜민;홍현승;김정호;주관식
    • Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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    • 제39권3호
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    • pp.150-158
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    • 2014
  • 각 의료기관 내 방사선 관련 종사자나 방사선 치료환자들은 진단 및 치료 시 필연적으로 의료상 피폭을 수반하게 된다. 국제방사선방호위원회(ICRP) 권고나 국제원자력기구(IAEA)의 기준에 따라 기준선량 제약치를 적용 및 권고 받고 있지만 1차 피폭대상자인 종사자나 환자들의 피폭최적관리를 위해서는 잠재적인 피폭대상자들에게 기존의 피폭관리 시스템보다 직접적이고 가용성이 높은 측정 및 분석 방법이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 기존에 구비된 휴대용 단말과 연동하여 원거리에서 실시간으로 방사선 모니터링이 가능한 시스템을 개발하였다. 모니터링 시스템은 검출부, 영상부, 통신부 세 부분으로 구성되었다. 검출부는 시스템의 소형화를 위해 실리콘 광증배소자(silicon photomultiplier) 기반 섬광검출기를 설계하였으며, 영상부는 무선 CCD (charge-coupled device)카메라 모듈을 사용하여 검출부와 함께 Bluetooth 통신모듈을 통해 휴대용 단말로 측정된 방사선 정보와 영상이 전송된다. 제작된 시스템은 성능 평가를 위해 진단용 X-ray 발생장치와 $^{137}Cs$, $^{22}Na$, $^{60}Co$, $^{204}Tl$, $^{90}Sr$ 선원을 사용하였다. 측정결과를 통해 개발된 시스템은 gamma, beta, X-ray에 대해서 검출 반응성을 확인하였고, 방사선 세기에 따른 응답 선형성과 MCNPX 전산코드를 이용한 측정 거리에 따른 시스템의 검출 정확도 평가 시 3% 내외의 오차범위를 확인하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 방사선 검출 시스템 구성의 비용절감 효과와 개인피폭정도관리에 기여할 것으로 기대한다.

보건소 결핵관리사업 평가 (Evaluation of a Tuberculosis Control Program at Community Health Centers)

  • 황은정
    • 한국보건간호학회지
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    • 제21권2호
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    • pp.241-251
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    • 2007
  • Purpose: To identify the effects on tuberculosis mortality of a tuberculosis control program conducted at 108 community health centers in terms of structure and process. Methods: The dependent variable was tuberculosis mortality, and the independent variables were the structure(type of centers, staff, nurses, doctors, budget) and process(chest X-ray checking, immunization, case detection, health education, patients registering & managing) of the tuberculosis control programs at the community health centers. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and stepwise regression analysis. Result: Tuberculosis morality was positively correlated with type of centers(rural area)(p<0.01), but negatively correlated with type of centers(large cities) (p<0.01), (middle cities)(p<0.05), staff FTE(p<0.05), and number of nurses(p<0.05). Regression analysis indicated that type of centers(rural area)($\beta$=0.457) and case detection($\beta$=0.234) had a significant effect on tuberculosis mortality. Conclusion: Ultimately, this study will provide information to improve the effectiveness of tuberculosis control programs in community health centers.

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Investigating X-ray cavities and the environmental effects

  • Shin, Jaejin;Woo, Jong-Hak;Mulchaey, John S.
    • 천문학회보
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    • 제41권1호
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    • pp.34.2-34.2
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    • 2016
  • X-ray cavities are typically detected as surface brightness depression in X-ray diffuse emission from hot gas in high resolution X-ray images (i.e., Chandra and XMM-Newton). Showing the coincidence of location with radio jets, X-ray cavities imply that the radio jets interact with interstellar/intergalactic medium. It is important to understand them since they can be a clue of understanding AGN feedback to their host galaxies. To understand the physics of the AGN feedback, X-ray cavity has been actively studied while there are only a few statistical studies on X-ray cavity based on small or incomplete samples. Hence, a systematic study with a large sample is needed. With the condition of sufficient X-ray photons to detect surface brightness depression, we constructed a large sample of 133 galaxy clusters, galaxy groups, and individual galaxies to investigate X-ray cavities. We detected 201 cavities from 94 objects using two detection methods (i.e., beta-modeling and unsharp masking method), and confirmed the cavity size-distance relation over a large dynamical range. The size-distance relation does not vary for different environments (i.e., galaxy cluster, groups, and individual galaxies), suggesting that there is little environmental effect on the formation of X-ray cavity.

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