• 한국균학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.29-33
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• 2010

KGD1 유전자는 비허용온도에서 세포벽에 결함을 보이는 Saccharomyces cerevisiae LP0353 균주의 베타-1,3-글루칸 합성 효소의 활성을 회복시키는 유전자로 분리되었다. $\alpha$-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase를 암호화하는 KGD1 유전자의 효모의 세포벽 합성과 연관된 기능을 분석하기 위하여 유전자 파괴를 시도하였다. KGD1돌연변이는 생장속도가 감소하고, 키틴 합성 효소들의 활성이 증가하였으며, 세포벽 구성 당류의 함량에 변화를 보였다. 또한 Calcofluor white과 Nikkomycin Z 등과 같은 세포벽 합성 저해물질에 대해 감수성 변화를 나타냈다. 이러한 결과들은 KGD1이 효모의 세포벽 특히 베타-1,6-글루칸과 키틴의 생합성에 영향을 주고 있음을 시사한다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제30권7호
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• pp.967-973
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• 2020

The fungal cell wall is a major target of antifungals. In this study, we report the antifungal activity of an ethanol extract from Aucklandia lappa against Candida albicans. We found that the extract caused cell wall injury by decreasing chitin synthesis or assembly and (1,3)-β-D-glucan synthesis. A sorbitol protection assay demonstrated that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the A. lappa extract against C. albicans cells increased eight-fold from 0.78 to 6.24 mg/ml in 72 h. Cell aggregates, which indicate damage to the cell wall or membrane, were commonly observed in the A. lappatreated C. albicans cells through microscopic analysis. In addition, the relative fluorescence intensities of the C. albicans cells incubated with the A. lappa extract for 3, 5, and 6 h were 92.1, 84.6, and 79.8%, respectively, compared to the controls, estimated by Calcofluor White binding assay. This result indicates that chitin content was reduced by the A. lappa treatment. Furthermore, synthesis of (1,3)-β-D-glucan polymers was inhibited to 84.3, 79.7, and 70.2% of that of the control treatment following incubation of C. albicans microsomes with the A. lappa extract at a final concentration equal to its MIC, 2× MIC, and 4× MIC, respectively. These findings suggest that the A. lappa ethanol extract may aid the development of a new antifungal to successfully control Candidaassociated disease.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권14호
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• pp.5733-5739
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• 2014

Background: Breast cancer is the most common female malignancy in the world. Beta glucan can be a hematopoietic and an immune modulator agent in cancer patients. The aim of this trial was to determine the effect of beta glucan on white blood cell counts and serum levels of IL-4 and IL-12 in women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Materials and Methods: This randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted on 30 women with breast carcinoma aged 28-65 years. The eligible participants were randomly assigned to intervention (n=15) or placebo (n=15) groups using a block randomization procedure with matching based on age, course of chemotherapy and menopause status. Patients in the intervention group received two 10-mg capsules of soluble 1-3, 1-6, D-beta glucan daily and the control group receiving placebo during 21 days, the interval between two courses of chemotherapy. White blood cells, neuthrophil, lymphocyte and monocyte counts as well as serum levels of IL-4 and IL-12 were measured at baseline and at the end of the study as primary outcomes of the study. Results: In both groups white blood cell counts decreased after 21 days of the intervention, however in the beta glucan group, WBC was less decreased non significantly than the placebo group. At the end of the study, the change in the serum level of IL-4 in the beta glucan group in comparison with the placebo group was statistically significant (p=0.001). The serum level of IL-12 in the beta glucan group statistically increased (p=0.03) and comparison between two groups at the end of the study was significant after adjusting for baseline values and covariates (p=0.007). Conclusions: The findings suggest that beta glucan can be useful as a complementary or adjuvant therapy and immunomodulary agent in breast cancer patients in combination with cancer therapies, but further studies are needed for confirmation.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2007

Chemical properties of spray-dried powders separated based on molecular weight from crude protein binding polysaccharide (CP-SD) of Agraricus blazei were examined. Contents of ${\beta}$-glucan in SD-1, SD-2 and SD-3 were 18.67%, 48.24%, and 37.15% respectively, and SD-2 (10-150 kDa) showed the highest molecular weight. Obtained ${\beta}$-glucans were not pure glucan, but was determined to be an acidic proteo-heteroglycan with a large amount of glucose (74.46-80.05%), galactose (8.91-15.2%), and mannose (4.9-5.46%). Composition of their amino acids was mainly aspartic and glutamic acids. FT-IR spectrum revealed SD-1, SD-2 and SD-3 were structures of ${\beta}$-1,3-glucans and ${\alpha}$-1,6-glucans at 890 and 930 $cm^{-1}$, respectively, signals of ${\alpha}$-1,6-glucans for CP-SD was not found. Useful CP-SD was recovered from A. blazei for preparation of three powder types as food materials.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.97-103
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 소비가 증가되고 있는 귀리 관련 식품 및 가공식품 수요에 대처하기 위해 국내 육성 품종의 이화학적 특성 및 기능성분인 베타글루칸과 항산화활성을 분석하였다. 국내에서 현재까지 개발된 쌀귀리는 5개 품종으로 이들 품종에 대한 연구 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 귀리 종실의 외관특성은 선양을 제외한 모든 품종이 장립종이었으며, 귀리 종실 및 가루의 백도 및 L값은 조양이 비교적 높은 값을 보였고, 단백질, 전분, 조지방 등 주요 구성성분은 품종에 따라 유의적인 차이를 보였다. 총베타글루칸 함량은 3.78-4.60% 수준으로 대양이 가장 높았으며, 총베타글루칸 함량에 대한 수용성베타글루칸 함량비율은 71-83%이었다. 쌀귀리의 지방산 조성은 C18:1, C18:2, C16:0, C18:0, C18:3 순이었으며, 불포화지방산 함량은 75.4-81.2%이었으며 대양이 가장 높았다. DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성과 ABTS 라디칼 소거 활성은 품종마다 유의적인 차이를 보였으며, 대양이 가장 높은 항산화활성을 보였다. 전분함량과 단백질 함량은 부의 상관관계(r= -0.775)를 보였으며, DPPH 라디칼 소거활성은 총페놀함량과 정의 상관관계(r=0.760)를 나타내었고,회분함량과 분말백도도 정의 상관관계(r=0.732)를 나타내었다.

• 한국생명과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생명과학회 2002년도 제37회 국제학술심포지움 및 추계학술대회
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• pp.62-62
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• 2002

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제41권12호
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• pp.1740-1746
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 식이섬유와 ${\beta}$-glucan이 풍부한 꽃송이버섯을 발효한 후 추출하여 이들 성분의 함량을 보다 증가시킨 추출물과 잔사를 제조하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 열풍 건조한 꽃송이버섯 자실체의 분말을 유산균(L. brevis)과 홍국균(M. pilosus)으로 각각 발효한 후 열수와 수용성 에탄올(50, 70, 90%, v/v)로 추출하여 추출물과 잔사를 제조하고 이들의 수용성, 불용성 및 총 식이섬유와 ${\beta}$-glucan의 함량을 버섯원물의 추출물과 잔사의 각 성분의 함량과 비교하였다. 홍국균 발효 버섯의 총 식이섬유 함량은 74.4 g/100 g으로 버섯원물(64.4 g/100 g)과 유산균 발효 버섯(66.1 g/100 g)의 총 식이섬유 함량에 비해서 유의적으로(p<0.05) 높았다. 버섯원물, 유산균 발효 버섯, 홍국균 발효 버섯의 ${\beta}$-glucan 함량(21.9~24.4 g/100 g) 간에는 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 추출물의 경우, 홍국균 발효 버섯의 열수 추출물에서 총 식이섬유(21.6 g/100 g)와 수용성 식이섬유 함량(19.3 g/100 g)이 가장 높았으며 버섯 원물의 열수 추출물의 총 식이섬유(16.4 g/100 g)와 수용성 식이섬유 함량(14.6 g/100 g)보다도 유의적으로 (p<0.05) 높았다. 홍국균 발효 버섯을 열수 추출하고 남은 잔사의 총 식이섬유 함량은 90.5 g/100 g이었고 이들의 대부분이 불용성 식이섬유로 구성되어 있었으며, ${\beta}$-glucan 함량은 버섯 원물이나 홍국균 발효 버섯보다 높은 31.0 g/100 g이었다. 따라서 본 연구에서 제조한 홍국균 발효 꽃송이버섯의 열수 추출물과 잔사는 각각 액상과 분말 형태의 건강기능식품 및 가공식품 소재로 개발될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.215-222
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• 1984

Rhodotorula gl$\varkappa$tinis 세포벽에 작용하는 용해 효소 생산곰팡이를 토양으로부터 분리하였고, Aspergillus f'||'&'||'micro;mig$\alpha$tus에 속하는 species로 동정되었다. 이 세포벽 용해효소는 세표외 유도효소였으며 lytic polysaccharidase 와 protease로 구성되어 생세포 용해에 공동으로 착용하였다. 이 lytic polysaccharidase는 Ascomycetous 효모에서의 주 구성 결합인 ${\beta}-1,3-$와 ${\beta}-1$, 6-glucan에는 작용치 않았다. 이 효소는 생세포에는 역가가 낮았지만 R. glutinis의 분획된 세포액에는 protease의 도움없이 작용할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.1954-1960
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• 2006

The effects of the exopolymers of Aureobasidium pullulans SM-2001 containing $\beta$-1,3/1,6-glucan on formalin-induced chronic inflammation were observed. Doses of 62.5, 125, and 250 mg/kg of the exopolymers were orally administered once a day for 10 days to formalin-induced chronic inflammatory mice (0.02 ml of 3.75% formalin was subaponeurotically injected into the left hind paw), and then the bilateral hind-paw thickness and volume were measured daily, while the paw wet-weight, histological profiles, and histomorphometrical analyses were conducted at termination. The results were compared with those for diclofenac, indomethacin, and dexamethasone (intraperitoneally injected) 15 mg/kg-dosed groups. All the animals were sacrificed 10 days after dosing. As a result of the formalin injection, a marked increase in the difference between the intact and formalin-induced paw thickness and volume was detected in the formalin-injected control compared with that in the intact control with time, plus at the time of sacrifice, the difference in the paw wet-weights was also dramatically increased. In a histological and histomorphometrical analysis, severe histological profiles of chronic inflammation were detected in the formalin-injected control with a marked increase in the thickness of the skin of the dorsum pedis. However, these formalin-induced chronic inflammatory changes were significantly and dose-dependently decreased by the exopolymer treatment. In conclusion, the exopolymer treatment inhibited the chronic inflammatory response induced by formalin injection in the mice. However, somewhat low efficacies were detected compared with those for the diclofenac-, indomethacin-, and dexamethasone-treated groups.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.219-223
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• 2002

In order to investigate the function of Soo1p/${\alpha}$-COP during post-translational modification and intra-cellular transport of cell wall proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, cell wall proteins from the soo1-1/ret1-1 mutant cells were analyzed. SDS-PAGE analysis of biotin labeled cell wall proteins suggested that the soo1-1 mutation impairs post-translational modification of cell wall proteins, such as N- and/ or Ο-glycosylation. Analysis of cell wall proteins with antibodies against ${\beta}$-1,3-glucan and ${\beta}$-1,6-glucan revealed alteration of the linkage between cell wall proteins and ${\beta}$-glucans in the soo1-1 mutant cells. Compositional sugar analysis of the cell wall proteins also suggested that the soo1-1 mutation impairs glycosylation of cell wall protein in the ER, which is crucial for the maintenance of cell wall integrity.