• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제63권2호
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• pp.199-210
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• 2021

A number of management issues can be used as drivers for change in order to improve animal welfare and nursing capacity of the hyperprolific sow. Group housing of sows during gestation is a recommended practice from the perspective of animal welfare. Related health issues include reproductive health and the locomotor system. It appears that management of pregnant sows in groups is challenging for a producer and considerable skill is required. We explored the benefits and challenges of group housing, including feeding issues. Increasing litter size requires additional attention to the mammary gland and its ability to provide sufficient nursing for the growing litter. We discuss the fundamentals of mammary development and the specific challenges related to the hyperprolific sow. We also address challenges with the farrowing environment. It appears that the old-fashioned farrowing crate is not only outdated in terms of welfare from the public's perspective, but also fails to provide the environment that the sow needs to support her physiology of farrowing, nursing, and maternal behaviour. Studies from our group and others indicate that providing the sow with a loose housing system adequate in space and nesting material, along with reasonable chance for isolation, can be considered as fundamental for successful farrowing of the hyperprolific sow. It has also been shown that management strategies, such as split suckling and cross fostering, are necessary to ensure proper colostrum intake for all piglets born alive in a large litter. We thus conclude that welfare and nursing capacity of the sow can be improved by management. However, current megatrends such as the climate change may change sow management and force the industry to rethink goals of breeding and, for instance, breeding for better resilience may need to be included as goals for the future.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.177-189
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• 2022

Nature-based Solutions (NbS) are defined as practical and technical approaches to restoring functioning ecosystems and biodiversity as a means to address socio-environmental challenges and provide human-nature co-benefits. This study reviews NbS-related literature to identify its key characteristics, techniques, and challenges for its application in climate-adaptive water management. The review finds that NbS has been commonly used as an umbrella term incorporating a wide range of existing ecosystem-based approaches such as low-impact development (LID), best management practices (BMP), forest landscape restoration (FLR), and blue-green infrastructure (BGI), rather than being a uniquely-situated practice. Its technical form and operation can vary significantly depending on the spatial scale (small versus large), objective (mitigation, adaptation, naturalization), and problem (water supply, quality, flooding). Commonly cited techniques include green spaces, permeable surfaces, wetlands, infiltration ponds, and riparian buffers in urban sites, while afforestation, floodplain restoration, and reed beds appear common in non- and less-urban settings. There is a greater lack of operational clarity for large-scale NbS than for small-scale NbS in urban areas. NbS can be a powerful tool that enables an integrated and coordinated action embracing not only water management, but also microclimate moderation, ecosystem conservation, and emissions reduction. This study points out the importance of developing decision-making guidelines that can inform practitioners of the selection, operation, and evaluation of NbS for specific sites. The absence of this framework is one of the obstacles to mainstreaming NbS for water management. More case studies are needed for empirical assessment of NbS.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.3199-3218
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• 2019

Location-based services (LBSs) have become popular in recent years due to the ever-increasing usage of smart mobile devices and mobile applications through networks. Although LBS application provides great benefits to mobile users, it also raises a sever privacy concern of users due to the untrusted service providers. In the lack of privacy enhancing mechanisms, most applications of the LBS may discourage the user's acceptance of location services in general, and endanger the user's privacy in particular. Therefore, it is a great interest to discuss on the recent privacy-preserving mechanisms in LBSs. Many existing location-privacy protection-mechanisms (LPPMs) make great efforts to increase the attacker's uncertainty on the user's actual whereabouts by generating a multiple of fake-locations together with user's actual positions. In this survey, we present a study and analysis of existing LPPMs and the state-of-art privacy measures in service quality aware LBS applications. We first study the general architecture of privacy qualification system for LBSs by surveying the existing framework and outlining its main feature components. We then give an overview of the basic privacy requirements to be considered in the design and evaluation of LPPMs. Furthermore, we discuss the classification and countermeasure solutions of existing LPPMs for mitigating the current LBS privacy protection challenges. These classifications include anonymization, obfuscation, and an encryption-based technique, as well as the combination of them is called a hybrid mechanism. Finally, we discuss several open issues and research challenges based on the latest progresses for on-going LBS and location privacy research.

• 산업진흥연구
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.79-86
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• 2019

정부가 시민들에게 제공하는 서비스의 질은 현대 사회에서 우려의 대상이다. 전자 정부는 정보 기술의 응용을 통해 정부 운영 및 서비스 제공을 시민과 다른 기관으로 전환시키는 중요한 요소이다. 본 연구는 파키스탄에 특별히 주의를 기울여 개발도상국에 초점을 맞춘 전자 정부의 상태를 연구한다. 맏닥뜨린 어려움과 이점이 확인되었다. 결과는 이들 국가의 전자정부 시스템 구현에 중요하다. 적용된 방법론은 연구 주제와 관련된 문헌의 분석과 종합을 포함하는 2차 연구를 수반한다. 그 결과 파키스탄은 인터넷 사용의 증가와 디지털 플랫폼의 데이터 액세스를 통해 전자 정부 시스템을 구축하는 데 놀라운 단계를 밟았음을 보여준다. 연구 결과에 따르면 전자 정부는 서비스 품질 향상, 서비스 제공 비용 효율성, 부패 방지 및 투명성 제고, 빈곤 퇴치를 위한 기반 제공, 국가의 경제적 안정성 향상, 직접 민주주의. 이 연구는 또한 개발도상국들이 재정적 제약, ICT 인프라 부족, 전자 정부에 대한 문맹, 정치적 합의 조건, 법적 장애, 사회적 및 문화적 제약 등의 형태로 어려움을 겪고 있음을 발견했다. 전자 정부는 정부가 제공하는 정부의 질을 변화시킬 수 있는 능력을 가지고 있으며, 정책 입안자와 구현자는 구현에 방해가 되는 제약 사항을 해결해야한다.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.19-39
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• 2023

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the experiences of foreign students in childcare practicum, with a specific focus on identifying the difficulties they encountered and the values they derived from their practicum experiences. The aim was to gain insights that can contribute to improving practicum support for these students. Methods: A total of 6 foreign students were selected as participants for this study using snowball sampling. The data collection period spanned from May 2021 to March 2023, during which semi-structured interviews were conducted and qualitatively analyzed. Results: Foreign students faced challenges in securing practicum placements prior to the start of their program. Communication difficulties necessitated the use of interpreters to interact with children. Additionally, documenting information in a language other than their mother tongue posed a challenge. Consequently, there was a need for tailored training support to address the specific needs of foreign students in childcare practicum. Despite these challenges, the students reported rewarding and valuable experiences during their practicum. These experiences included discovering the teaching identity in Korea, learning about desirable practices in the field, recognizing and addressing personal shortcomings, and developing a sense of vocation for the advancement of infant education in their home countries. Conclusion/Implications: If we actively listen to and provide appropriate support for the specific needs of foreign students in their childcare practicum, they have the potential to become excellent childcare teachers who can foster a harmonious and inclusive environment within our multicultural society.

• STI Policy Review
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.96-116
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• 2012

The establishment of Institut Pasteur Korea (IP-K) has been an intercultural experiment, which transplanted a French research organization with many foreign researchers into Korea to grow a new institution as a long-term collaboration. The Mission of the newly founded institute has been to develop more effective ways of generating value with basic life science research in the face of a world-wide Pharma crisis. The challenges have been i.) to invent new technologies and approaches in drug discovery, ii.) to convince the Korean stakeholders of their inherent value, iii.) to induce Pharma industry to adopt the new technologies and iv.) to create a context in the Korean R&D landscape where the new institute could contribute tangible benefits. If Institut Pasteur Korea has succeeded in all counts, then due to a somewhat skewed and unlikely set of cultural complementarities between Korea and France. The abstract and conceptual French approach was matched by Korean pragmatism, linearity and relentless improvement towards the defined development goal. IP-K has become an example for innovation made in Korea, which is now re-imported into Europe. As the project could arguably not have succeeded in either partner county alone, it highlights the benefits of longterm, in depth international collaborations.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.73-80
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• 2020

Objective: The Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) is a national drug subsidy program. Given the similarity and comprehensiveness of the Australian PBS and the Korean National Health Insurance (NHI) data, these data are increasingly used for pharmacoepidemiological investigations, as well as international comparative studies. This study aims to introduce the various sources of publicly available PBS data and provide a practical guide to researchers conducting drug utilization studies. Methods: We searched literature and websites to detail and compare the collection, structure, components, and characteristics of each PBS data format. We identified different characteristics of the PBS data from the Korean NHI claims data which are mainly owing to their unique co-payment policies and data collection processes. In addition, the utilization and expenditure of atorvastatin, a widely used treatment for hyperlipidemia, were analyzed using two different sources of PBS data and the different results were interpreted. Results: There exist differences in when data were collected or non-subsidized uses of medicine were included among sources of PBS data. Additionally, two countries have different cost sharing methods inmedicine subsidy scheme; co-payment in Australia and co-insurance in Korea. Therefore, it should be noted that prescriptions under co-payment are not included in some data sources in Australia. Conclusion: Despite several analytical challenges, open access and easy data management are the strengths of the PBS data sources. A detailed knowledge of the PBS data can ensure robust methodology and interpretation of pharmacoepidemiological investigations or international comparative studies.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제25권7호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2021

Purpose - In this study, we explore the relationship between the degree of internationalization (DOI) and firm performance (DOI-P) of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the manufacturing sector. Specifically, we investigate whether the costs and benefits dynamics concerning the internationalization of SMEs differ between high-tech and non-high-tech industries. Design/methodology - We extend the prior literature on this relationship by employing 5-year data on 589 Korean SMEs in the manufacturing sector and examining the moderating impact of the industry characteristics. Our findings reveal a U-shaped relationship between the DOI and SME performance. High-tech SMEs demonstrate an inverted U-shaped relationship, whereas non-hightech SMEs exhibit a U-shaped relationship. Findings - Our findings illustrate the importance of the industry factor in testing the performance impact of the internationalization of Korean SMEs. By incorporating industry dynamics, our results indicate that the DOI-P relationship depends on the context of the industry in which an SME operates. High-tech SMEs also display a higher DOI but are outperformed by non-high-tech SMEs for the entire internationalization path, which implies that high-tech SMEs face more challenges than non-high-tech SMEs while seeking internationalization. Originality/value - The findings strongly validate that significant benefits exist for SMEs undertaking internationalization. We also employ the contextual framework contributing to increasing the understanding of the intrinsic value of internationalization and resolving the mixed results issue on the DOI-P relationship, by illustrating that the industry factor leads to different dynamics of costs and benefits of SME internationalization; it also determines the shape and direction of the relationship.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.149-173
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• 2016

클라우드 컴퓨팅에 대한 관심이 많아짐으로 인해 많은 기관들이 클라우드 컴퓨팅으로 전환을 결정하고 있다. 확장성, 비용 효율성, 접근성 등 다양한 장점으로 인해 의료 기관들도 정보 인프라를 클라우드 기반으로 전환하는 것을 추진하고 있다. 이러한 장점에도 불구하고 많은 양의 민감한 개인정보를 이동 (migration) 하는 것에 대한 여러 가지가 고려되어야 한다. 의료 기관은 민감한 환자 정보에 대한 보안, 안정성, 가용성을 고려하고 또한 HIPPA와 같은 법적인 요구 사항을 만족시켜야 한다. 본 연구는 전자의무기록을 클라우드 기반 저장소로 이동시 장점 및 문제점을 조사하고 또한 고려사항을 제안하고자 한다.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.119-135
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• 2022

디지털 플랫폼은 온라인 커뮤니티의 운영과 지속가능성에 중요한 역할을 한다. 그러나 디지털 플랫폼 개발의 진정한 혜택은 누구를 위한 것이며 스마트 커뮤니티의 발전을 위해 디지털 플랫폼이 제공하는 혜택은 무엇이 있을까? 본 연구는 이러한 질문에 답하고자 디지털 플랫폼과 스마트 커뮤니티 간의 연관성을 이해하고 군집분석 프로세스를 사용하여 각 디지털 플랫폼의 스마트커뮤니티 지원에 관한 특성을 분석하는 것을 목표로 하였다. 본 연구에는 29개의 디지털 플랫폼이 연구 사례로 활용되었다. 이를 통해 디지털 플랫폼 특성을 구분하여 각 특성에 따른 플랫폼 서비스가 어떻게 스마트 커뮤니티의 참여를 유도하고 정보 및 서비스 제공을 개선해나가는지를 분석하였다. 디지털 플랫폼의 발전은 정책 입안자에게 스마트커뮤니티 육성을 통한 도시 혁신의 새로운 도전과제를 제공하기도 하고 효과적이고 효율적인 서비스 제공 수단으로서의 역할이 강화되고 있는 것으로 나타났다.