• 식품과학과 산업
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.241-260
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• 2019

Prebiotics are defined as substrates that are selectively utilized by host microorganisms conferring various health benefits. Current prebiotic researches not only focus on non-digestible oligosaccharides, but also extend to polyphenols and peptides. However, the extended scope of prebiotic research pertains its original purposes: promotion of beneficial bacteria in host guts and production of valuable metabolites. Maintenance of optimal gut microflora plays a key role in host health care benefits including anti-cancer activity, immune response modulation, blood lipid level reduction, increased mineral absorption, and weight loss. With increasing probiotics markets, prebiotics have also received much attention in functional food markets. Hence, many global food companies tempt to develop new prebiotics applicable for preventing human diseases as well as modulating immune system. In this review, we discuss current status of prebiotics research, market progress, and future perspectives of prebiotics.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.55-64
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• 2003

유기$.$자연농업 등 환경친화적 농업을 수행하는 농가에서 많이 사용하고 있는 목탄분말에 대한 특성파악과 작물생육, 토양화학성 및 토양미생물에 대한 영향을 검토하여 목탄분말의 효율적인 이용방안에 대한 기초자료를 얻고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 목탄분말을 시용하고 고추를 재배한 결과 토양의 pH와 EC는 큰 변화가 없었으며, 대립목탄분말 처리시 뿌리생육이 저하되어 목탄분말 입경과 뿌리 발육은 밀접한 상관이 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 목탄분말의 입도가 작을수록(5mm 〈1mm 〈0.5mm) 고추의 수량이 증가되었다. 0.5∼1mm정도의 소립 목탄분말은 식물체의 양분흡수와 이용율을 향상시키나, 과다한 목탄분말 시용은 양분집적을 초래할 수 있기 때문에 고추에 대한 목탄분말의 적정시용량은 300kg 10a$^{-1}$ 정도인 것으로 판단되었다. 목탄분말 처리로 토양 중의 Rhizobium 속 질소고정균과 사상균 특히, 인 가용화 사상균수가 고추 생육시기에 따라 변화를 나타냈으며, 소립 목탄분말을 처리하였을 때 그 효과가 현저하였다.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.165-172
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• 2016

Kefir, originating from Caucasus, is an acidic, alcoholic fermented milk product with little acidic taste and a creamy consistency. It is recognized in having beneficial effects infor the prevention and treatment of cancer. For example, Kefir has possesses a chemopreventative effect on carcinogenesis. There has recently been a strong focus on fermented milk foods containing a mixture of several functional organic substances and various probiotic microorganisms. Hence, the purpose of this review paper was to evaluate the scientific evidence for the effects of kefir on cancer prevention and treatment. Some of we analyzed and summarized data-relating to the effects of kefir on cancer. The cacers that kefir has an effect on are as follows: colon cancer, breast cancer, leukemia, sarcoma, skin cancer, gastric cancer. This review suggests that (1) kefir could be associated with cancer prevention, (2) kefir has beneficial effects in cancer treatment, and (3) kefir has various bioactive components including peptides, polysaccharides and sphingolipids, which contribute tofor itsthese anti-cancer properties. Furthermore, furthermore, studies were performed in order to obtain as to get the scientific evidence of kefir's anticancer activity: (1) improved protective effectiveness in vivo (human subjects or animal model), (2) isolation and identification of various bioactive components, and (3) mechanisms associated with beneficial effects.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2018년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.127-127
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• 2018

Probiotics are microorganisms that have beneficial effects on the health of the host. The health promoting effect by probiotics influences suppressing harmful bacteria, prevention of constipation, blood cholesterol reduction and regulation of blood pressure. Prebiotics are used to promote the growth or activity of microorganisms. Synbiotics, which are a mixture of probiotics and prebiotics, synergize in the intestines by complementing each other. Synbiotics not only improves the viability of the probiotics while passing through the gastrointestinal tract, maintain intestinal homeostasis, but also regulate balance of harmful and useful bacterial growth. Glycine max Merr (GMM) has been widely used in Asian countries to treat cancer, obesity, oxidative stress and imbalanced immune diseases. In addition, it has been reported that dietary fiber-rich grains promote bowel movements and prevent constipation. In this study, we investigated the viability of LactobacillIus buchneri (L.buchneri) strains, known as lactic acid bacteria under conditions of gastric fluid and intestinal fluid to determine the suitability of L.buchneri as probiotics. The adhesion ability of L.buchneri to caco-2 cells was also confirmed. The present studies showed that GMM extract promoted the growth and activity of L.buchneri strains as prebiotics. Also, this results suggested that the mixture of L.buchneri and GMM extract can helps maintain intestinal health and healthy body as synbiotics and health functional food material.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.601-606
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 선박에서 발생하는 오 폐수의 처리를 위하여 SBR공정에 유효미생물을 주입하는 변법을 이용하여 Lab scale 실험을 수행하였다. 유해물질 유입에 따른 생물학적 처리 장치의 효율 저하 문제를 해결하기 위하여 SBR공정에 유효미생물을 주입하는 변법은 크루즈선이라는 특수 환경과의 접목성과 생물학적 처리 시 야기될 수 있는 문제를 대비하기 위한 대안으로 선박환경에 매우 적합한 공정으로 평가되었다. 슬러지 관찰 결과 기존의 활성슬러지에 유효미생물의 주입함으로써 슬러지의 안정성을 확보할 수 있었으며, 슬러지의 EPS 함량도 40% 이상 높아진 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 슬러지의 미생물 분석 결과 유효미생물 주입으로 인해 수처리에 유리한 미생물종이 다수 출현하여 휘발성 유기화합물과 같은 유기 유해물질이 생분해되어 안전한 물질로 전환되는 것을 확인할 수 있었으며. 중금속과 같은 무기 유해물질도 중금속의 종류와 유입농도에 영향을 받지 않고 70% 이상의 안정적인 처리 효율도 확보할 수 있는 것으로 확인되었다.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.451-456
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 유입수의 변동이 심하고 전문가가 부재한 환경인 선박에서 발생하는 오수의 효과적인 처리를 위하여 RCM공법을 선박오수처리장치에 적용하는 실험실 규모의 실험을 수행하였다. 질소 인의 고도처리 효율과 선박이라는 특수환경과의 접목성을 검토한 결과 RCM공정에 유효미생물을 주입하는 방법은 선박환경에 적합한 것으로 평가되었다. 또한 RCM공정은 활성슬러지 공정에서 배출되는 슬러지는 배출시키지 않고 슬러지액화분해조(SDC)에서 재분해하여 순환함으로써, 최근 해양투기가 금지됨으로 인해 문제가 되고 있는 슬러지의 발생량을 최소한으로 하여 친환경적인 수처리가 가능하다. 복합미생물제제 주입 후 미생물 관찰결과 고도처리에 유리한 미생물종의 출현을 확인하였으며 이들의 상호기작으로 질소 인의 처리에 도움을 주어 처리효율이 높은것이라 판단된다. 유기물 제거효율 실험결과 $BOD_5$, CODcr T-N, T-P의 처리효율이 각각 96, 97, 78, 81.68 %로 나타나 Membrane이나 Filter없이도 강화되어가는 해양오염기준을 충족시킬 수 있는 공정으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.1057-1062
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• 2016

Kimchi is a traditional Korean fermented vegetable food, the production of which involves brining of Korean cabbage, blending with various other ingredients (red pepper powder, garlic, ginger, salt-pickled seafood, etc.), and fermentation. Recently, kimchi has also become popular in the Western world because of its unique taste and beneficial properties such as antioxidant and antimutagenic activities, which are derived from the various raw materials and secondary metabolites of the fermentative microorganisms used during production. Despite these useful activities, analysis of the microbial community present in kimchi has received relatively little attention. The objective of this study was to evaluate the bacterial community structure from the raw materials, additives, and final kimchi product using the culture-independent method. Specifically, polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) was used to analyze the 16S rRNA partial sequences of the microflora. One primer set for bacteria, 341F^GC-518R, reliably produced amplicons from kimchi and its raw materials, and these bands were clearly separated on a 35-65% denaturing gradient gel. Overall, 117 16S rRNA fragments were identified by PCR-DGGE analysis. Pediococcus pentosaceus, Leuconostoc citreum, Leuconostoc gelidum, and Leuconostoc mesenteroides were the dominant bacteria in kimchi. The other strains identified were Tetragenococcus, Pseudomonas, Weissella, and uncultured bacterium. Comprehensive analysis of these microorganisms could provide a more detailed understanding of the biologically active components of kimchi and help improve its quality. PCR-DGGE analysis can be successfully applied to a fermented food to detect unculturable or other species.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제36권8호
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• pp.643-649
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 크루즈선에서 발생하는 오 폐수의 고도처리를 위하여 SBR공정에 유효미생물을 주입하는 변법을 이용하여 실험실 규모의 실험을 수행하였다. 질소 인의 고도 처리 효율과 크루즈선이라는 특수 환경과의 접목성을 검토한 결과 SBR공정에 유효미생물을 주입하는 변법은 선박환경에 매우 적합한 것으로 평가되었다. 또한 기존의 활성슬러지에 유효미생물의 주입함으로써 슬러지 팽화 등의 문제를 해결할 수 있어 슬러지의 안정성을 확보할 수 있었으며, 미생물 관찰 결과 고도처리에 유리한 미생물종의 출현으로 질소 인의 처리 효율이 높아지는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이로 인해 총질소와 인의 제거 효율은 74%, 75%로 나타났으며 이러한 결과로 미루어 강화되어가는 해양오염기준을 충만족시킬 수 있을 공정으로 판단된다.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.96-105
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• 2018

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of Asparagus cochinchinensis (AC) and fermented AC (fAC) on microorganisms and efficacies. Methods: AC was fermented for four weeks without using any bacterial strains. Then we investigated fermentation characteristics including potential of hydrogen (pH), total sugar, microbial profiling and antioxidant compound contents such as total polyphenol and total flavonoid. The anti-obesity effects of AC and fAC were evaluated by using Oil Red O staining in 3T3-L1 adipocyte. Also anti-diabetic effects of them were evaluated by using 2-[N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)amino]-2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-NBDG) uptake in C2C12 skeletal muscle cell. Results: Both pH and total sugar of fAC were decreased significantly compared to unfermented AC. And the abundance of total bacteria and lactic acid bacteria increased during fermentation, especially Lactobacillus plantarum. Also fermentation of AC increased the content of total polyphenol. On the metabolic aspects, we found that AC and fAC suppressed fat accumulation. Conclusions: After four weeks of fermentation, AC increased concentrations of active compounds, altered microbial composition, and inhibited fat accumulation such as triglyceride. These results indicate that fermentation of AC might be a beneficial therapeutic approach for obesity.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.255-266
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• 2020

Plant immune responses can be triggered by chemicals, microbes, pathogens, insects, or abiotic stresses. In particular, induced systemic resistance (ISR) refers to the activation of the immune system due to a plant's interaction with beneficial microorganisms. The phenolic compound, 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG), which is produced by beneficial Pseudomonas spp., acts as an ISR elicitor, yet DAPG's mechanism in ISR remains unclear. In this study, transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants overexpressing the DAPG hydrolase gene (phlG) were generated to investigate the functioning of DAPG in ISR. DAPG was applied onto 3-week-old A. thaliana Col-0 and these primed plants showed resistance to the pathogens Botrytis cinerea and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000. However, in the phlG transgenic A. thaliana, the ISR was not triggered against these pathogens. The DAPG-mediated ISR phenotype was impaired in transgenic A. thaliana plants overexpressing phlG, thus showing similar disease severity when compared to untreated control plants. Furthermore, the DAPG-treated A. thaliana Col-0 showed an increase in their gene expression levels of PDF1.2 and WRKY70 but this failed to occur in the phlG transgenic lines. Collectively, these experimental results indicate that jasmonic acid/ethylene signal-based defense system is effectively disabled in phlG transgenic A. thaliana lines.