• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.59 no.5
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• pp.513-518
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• 2021

The incidence of vivax malaria in Korea was reduced to a low plateau. For successful elimination of vivax malaria, socio-behavioral changes in the communities are essential. This study aimed to figure out awareness of the inhabitants on the vivax malaria endemicity. The 407 participants including vivax malaria patients and uninfected inhabitants in Gimpo- and Paju-si, Gyeonggi-do, known as high-risk areas in Korea. We used a community-based study design and non-probability sampling method using primary data. Except for the perception about the public health facilities' capability to cope with anti-malaria programs, the 2 groups of participants shared the same level of awareness about public promotional and educational measures and opinions for malaria elimination from the community. Thus, our future goals for malaria prevention and elimination are to develop more active and well-organized community-based education and evaluation programs collaborating with the community healthcare authorities and local governments.

• Fourth Industrial Review
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.33-43
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• 2022

Purpose - With the rapid development of information technology, the digital economy has become an important grip of the new development pattern, and the digital transformation of enterprises is a major trend. As SMEs are the mainstay of the economy and employment, it is important to study the digital transformation of SMEs to promote the development of the digital economy. Research design, data, and methodology - Based on a resource-based view, this report analyses the current situation and issues of digital transformation of SMEs from the perspective of digital orientation as well as the breadth and depth of technological capabilities of enterprises, using data from a survey of 200 manufacturing enterprises in China. Result - The results show that SMEs generally have a digital transformation mindset, but a weak digital foundation. In order to execute a digital strategy, companies need digital transformation capabilities. These behavioral capabilities are guided by the strategic direction of the business, and companies with strong capabilities are always trying to tap into the full digital potential. Conclusion - In order to effectively promote the digital transformation of SMEs, we suggest that SMEs pay attention to digital capability building, make good use of digital platforms and network resources, and lay a solid foundation for digital transformation; meanwhile, we suggest that government departments play a guiding and supporting role to build a cross-industry and cross-sector digital synergy system to help promote the development of SMEs' digital transformation. This paper presents some suggestions from both the internal and external environment of the enterprise, with the expectation of contributing to the digital transformation practices of SMEs.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.373-385
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• 2022

Due to the lack of information, medical tourists are regarded to be at high risk. Prior medical tourism research has found that various types of perceived risks have a significant impact on medical tourists' purchase behavior. Even though medical tourism is predicted to increase, there is a lack of behavioral research to explain how perceived risks affect medical tourists' purchase behavior. In the context of Korean medical tourism, this study attempts to evaluate the effects of multi-level (macro, organizational, and personal) factors on medical tourists' perceived risks and purchase intentions. A conceptual model and hypotheses were built and empirically validated to investigate links between multi-level characteristics, perceived risks, and purchasing intentions. The data for this study was collected from Chinese tourists using a questionnaire. The impact of cognitive country image, affective country image, and medical service quality on fundamental risk is confirmed by statistical testing. Surprisingly, expectancy discrepancy risk is influenced only by cognitive country image and information search capabilities. Both fundamental and expectation discrepancy risks lower medical tourists' purchase intentions. The findings of this study show that a multi-level strategy is required to investigate the links between perceived risks and medical tourism purchasing intentions based on macro, organizational, and personal factors.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.26 no.4 s.44
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• pp.628-649
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• 1993

This study was conducted to investigate the factors related to the poor school performance of the elementary school children. Two schools in Taegu, one in the affluent area and the other in the poor area, were selected and a total of 175 children whose school performance was within low 10 percentile (poor performers) and 97 children whose school performance were within high 5 percentile (good performers) in each class of 2nd, 4th and 6th grades were tested for the physical health, behavioral problem and family background. Each child had gone through a battery of tests including visual and hearing acuity, anthropometry (body weight, height, head circumference), intelligence (Kodae Stanford-Binet test), test anxiety (TAI-K), neurologic examination by a developmental pediatrician and heavy metal content (Pb, Cd, Zn) in hair by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. A questionnaire was administered to the mothers for prenatal and prenatal courses of the child, family environment, child's developmental history, and child's behavioral and learning problems. Another questionnaire was administered to the teachers of the children for the child's family background, arithmatic & language abilities and behavioral problem. The poor school performance had a significant correlation with male gender, high birth order, broken home, low educational and occupational levels of parents, visual problem, high test anxiety score, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), poor physical growth (weight, height, head circumference) and low I.Q. score. The factors that had a significant correlation with the poor school performance in multiple logistic regression analysis were child's birth order (odds ratio=2.06), male gender(odds ratio=5.91), broken home(odds ratio=9.29), test anxiety score(odds ratio=1.07), ADHD (odds ratio=9.67), I.Q. score (odds ratio=0.85) and height less than Korean standard mean-1S.D.(odds ratio=11.12). The heavy metal contents in hair did not show any significant correlation with poor school performance. However the lead and cadmium contents were high in males than in females. The lead content was negatively correlated with child's grade(P<0.05) and zinc was positively correlated with grade (P<0.05). among the factors that showed a significant correlation with the poor school performance, high birth order, short stature and ADHD may be modified by a good family planning, good feeding practice for infant and child, and early detection and treatment of ADHD. Also, teacher and parents should restrain themselves from inducing excessive test anxiety by forcing the child to study and over-expecting beyond the child's intellectual capability.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.294-303
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• 2008

Squid jigging fishery is very important in that there are about 1,000 jigging vessels more than 10 tonnage and about 5,000 ones less than 10 tonnage in Korea. But the cost of oil which is used to light fishing lamps, goes significantly up to almost one hundred million won for 50 tonnage vessels and forty million won in case of vessels less than 10 tonnage. This cost has almost taken 40% of total fishing costs. That is, the fishing business condition of squid jigging fishery is recently in the very difficult situation. As oil price increases, the business condition of the fishery gets worse and worse. Therefore it is very urgent to develop an economical fishing lamp, to solve this problem of fishery's business difficulty. This research aims at developing a fishing lamp for squid jigging fishery using the light emitting diode which has very excellent efficiency and durability. We made a water tank with 20 meters width which is a shape of raceway to research behavioral characteristics of Japanese flying squid to LED light, and made an experiment to investigate optimum wave of LED light to lure squid. The method is to establish LED lamps on both ends of water tank and to observe squid's behavior. Colors and wave lengths of LED lamps, used in experiment, are red(634nm), yellow(596nm), green(523nm), blue(454nm) and white(454nm+560nm). In experiment for attractive capability of LED lamp to squids, Japanese flying squid are highly attracted to blue lamp and white lamp. However, they are dispersed to red and yellow lamps. In addition, Japanese flying squid have moved and stayed in both dark ends of water tank. When compared intermittent lamp with continuous lamp, Japanese flying squid are highly attracted to intermittent lamp when intermittent interval is 0.25 second.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.141-150
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• 2017

This paper reviewed the awareness of the military personnel as to job training executed in the Korean army and to figure out how this job training affects the military morale and organizational performance. For this study, 220 volunteers were surveyed and analyzed using the SPSS statistical package program. As a result of the analysis, the following conclusion could be drawn. First, in the result of analysis on the status of-the-job education, the educational time marked 49.5% for 2-4 hours, the education of job capability development marked 77.7% for the content of education, and the charged instructor of job training marked 56.8% for the education department. Second, in the result of an analysis of job training on military morale, the recognition level of behavioral dimension increased with increasing participants' independence, and the satisfaction with the cognitive dimension increased with increasing participants' independence, continuous learning culture, and educational level. Moreover, the emotional score increased with increasing learning culture and educational level. Third, an analysis of the influences of job training on the organizational performance showed thatthe degree of job satisfaction increased with increasing learning motive and learning culture, and the organizational commitment increased with increasing instructor's quality. Fourth, regarding the influences of military morale upon the organizational performance, the higher job satisfaction and organizational commitment increased with increasing behavioral, cognitive, and emotional dimension. Therefore, military morale improves organizational performance and is an important factor in inducing individual development.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.15-26
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• 2009

Objectives: This paper is intended to illustrate and to discuss the organization and functioning of community resident groups (CRGs) in a community-based participatory health promotion program for healthy aging. Methods: CRGs were convened in 12 government-subsidized apartment communities for low-income seniors in Pennsylvania, U.S.A., to promote healthy aging. Researchers facilitated CRG meetings following a 6-step process of community empowerment and utilizing a social ecological model for assessment and planning. Almost 200 project-related documents were qualitatively analyzed using matrix analysis principles such as cross-classification of multiple dimensions to identify patterns in the data and matrix building for displaying such patterns. Results: CRGs were venues at which apartment building residents could interact, discuss health priorities, and become change agents in their building. CRG members' community health priorities were about their daily living, including building conditions, poor access to fresh food, and unhealthy resident relations. Specific patterns arose in analysis indicating that leadership withing the CRGs, consistency of meetings and participants' attendance, and ability to link health concerns to daily experience impacted the CRGs' capability to identify and accomplish their goals. Conclusion: Community health issues and solutions to those issues identified by CRGs were unique to community contexts and interests. Consistent participation by community members, a consistent pattern of group activities such as monthly meetings, and having established leadership to manage CRG activities were prominent characteristics of community group functioning.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.120-135
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• 2024

Purpose: This study examined the factors affecting sugar intake in adults based on social cognitive theory. Methods: An online survey regarding the intake frequency of sugar-source food, factors related to sugar intake based on social cognitive theory, perceptions of sugar intake, and health-related factors was conducted in October 2019 with 1,022 adults (502 men and 520 women) aged 19-49 years. The intake frequency of sugar-source food was divided into tertiles using percentiles based on the daily frequency. Results: The daily intake frequency of sugar-source foods was 4 times, with beverages (1.87 times/day) and sweetened coffee (0.81 times/day) being the highest among the food groups and types, respectively. The group with a high intake frequency of sugar-source food had a high negative outcome expectation for reducing sugar intake, and was in a home and social environment with easy access to sweet food. Women in this group showed low self-efficacy and poor behavioral capability in reducing sugar intake. Self-control had the lowest average score among the factors of social cognitive theory (2.56/5 points), followed by nutrition knowledge related to sugar (5.42/10 points). As a result of regression analysis, the social cognitive factor affecting the intake frequency of sugar-sourced foods was found to be home environment for both men and women. On the other hand, factors contributing to reducing sugar intake were positive outcome expectations for men and behavioral skills for women. Conclusion: Dietary education and nutritional interventions for adults, including changes in the home environment with easy access to sweet foods, can reduce sugar intake and raise positive expectations for reduced sugar intake.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.244-251
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• 2007

Intention reading technique is essential to provide personalized services toward more convenient and human-friendly services in complex ubiquitous environment such as a smart home. If a system has knowledge about an user's intention of his/her behavioral pattern, the system can provide mote qualified and satisfactory services automatically in advance to the user's explicit command. In this sense, learning capability is considered as a key function for the intention reading technique in view of knowledge discovery. In this paper, ore introduce a personalized media control method for a possible application iii a smart home. Note that data pattern such as human behavior contains lots of inconsistent data due to limitation of feature extraction and insufficiently available features, where separable data groups are intermingled with inseparable data groups. To deal with such a data pattern, we introduce an effective engineering approach with the combination of fuzzy logic and probabilistic reasoning. The proposed learning system, which is based on IFCS (Iterative Fuzzy Clustering with Supervision) algorithm, extract probabilistic fuzzy rules effectively from the given numerical training data pattern. Furthermore, an extended architectural design methodology of the learning system incorporating with the IFCS algorithm are introduced. Finally, experimental results of the media contents recommendation system are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed system.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.120-131
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• 1995

To analyze mobility patterns, this study used three Constraint (Capability Constraint, Coupling Constraint, Authority Constraint) models which were proposed in Dr. Hagerstrand's Time-space theory. This paper shows that three constraint models have some effects upon mobility by age. In this study, Capability Constraint means a certain special constraint that is what we can't do during proceeding basic natural urges like sleep, fare, etc. Coupling constraint is a physical one. Each person limits the action range for staying on a special place in special time. For instance, students have to stay in school so that they have mobility constraints. Authority Constraint is a social one. When we use urban facilities or traffic, we may be controlled by mobility sphere by an agreement or a social position. It is social agreement that the opening hour of a store, the time table of mass-transportation and a social positional control that the personal income, the standard of education. In this study it has been in a process of determination of the cluster number that degree of influences a social constraint to mobility. Considering the mobility constraint of characteristics of space divides urban and rural, people in urban area have higher mobility rate than in rural area. Resuets of determination of the cluster, show similar mobility pattern. People in urban area are connected verity of mobility which related to urban space structures with determination of cluste-number. That is to say, mobility patterns can be changed by space charactcristics. Constraints by sex and age are also social constraints and they are influenced by mobility patterns. For instance, females at the age of twenties have similar mobility pattern to the same age male but they have sudden changes after thirty's age. Male entertains a similar pattern without restriction of age. That is to say, management by sex as a social constraint affects mobility. To establish more realistic traffie policy, mobility formation should be reflected to the space in a view of social-behavioral science. To embody this, some problems should be investigated as follows. 1. As a problem of methodology, if sufficient samples ensured, we could subdivide clusters and could open up a new method of analyzing the mobility clusters by using the neuro-network. 2. Extracting actions connected with mobility and finding life cycle which is classified by daily cluste-characteristics, suitable counterproposal could be presented to the traific policy.