Journal of Nutrition and Health

The Korean Nutrition Society (한국영양학회)
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Factors affecting sugar intake in adults based on the social cognitive theory

사회인지론에 근거한 성인의 당류 섭취에 영향을 미치는 요인

  • Kilye Kim (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Yeon-Kyung Lee (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University)
  • 김길례 (경북대학교 생활과학대학 식품영양학과) ;
  • 이연경 (경북대학교 생활과학대학 식품영양학과)
  • Received : 2023.11.16
  • Accepted : 2024.01.11
  • Published : 2024.02.28
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Abstract

Purpose: This study examined the factors affecting sugar intake in adults based on social cognitive theory. Methods: An online survey regarding the intake frequency of sugar-source food, factors related to sugar intake based on social cognitive theory, perceptions of sugar intake, and health-related factors was conducted in October 2019 with 1,022 adults (502 men and 520 women) aged 19-49 years. The intake frequency of sugar-source food was divided into tertiles using percentiles based on the daily frequency. Results: The daily intake frequency of sugar-source foods was 4 times, with beverages (1.87 times/day) and sweetened coffee (0.81 times/day) being the highest among the food groups and types, respectively. The group with a high intake frequency of sugar-source food had a high negative outcome expectation for reducing sugar intake, and was in a home and social environment with easy access to sweet food. Women in this group showed low self-efficacy and poor behavioral capability in reducing sugar intake. Self-control had the lowest average score among the factors of social cognitive theory (2.56/5 points), followed by nutrition knowledge related to sugar (5.42/10 points). As a result of regression analysis, the social cognitive factor affecting the intake frequency of sugar-sourced foods was found to be home environment for both men and women. On the other hand, factors contributing to reducing sugar intake were positive outcome expectations for men and behavioral skills for women. Conclusion: Dietary education and nutritional interventions for adults, including changes in the home environment with easy access to sweet foods, can reduce sugar intake and raise positive expectations for reduced sugar intake.

본 연구는 사회인지론을 기반으로 성인의 당류 섭취와 관련된 요인을 파악하여 성인의 당류 섭취 저감화를 위한 기초자료를 마련하고자 하였다. 대구시민 만 19-49세 성인 1,022명 (남자 502명, 여자 520명)을 대상으로 2019년 10월에 온라인 업체를 통하여 설문조사를 실시하였다. 당류 급원식품 1일 총 섭취빈도는 4회였으며, 음료류 (1.87회)가 가장 높았고, 품목별로는 단 커피음료 (0.81회)가 가장 높았다. 당류 급원식품 섭취빈도가 높을수록 남녀 모두 당류 섭취 줄이는 것에 대한 부정적 결과기대가 높았고, 가정환경과 사회환경 점수가 높게 나타났으며, 여성의 경우 자기효능감과 당류 섭취를 줄이는 행동수행력의 실천이 낮았다. 회귀분석 결과, 당류 급원식품 섭취빈도 증가에 영향을 미치는 사회인지론 요인으로는 남녀 모두 환경적 요인인 가정환경으로 나타났으며, 당류 섭취를 감소시키는 요인으로 남성의 경우 인지적 요인인 당류 섭취 줄이는 것에 대한 긍정적 결과기대, 여성의 경우 행동적 요인인 행동수행력으로 나타났다. 따라서 성인 대상 당류 섭취 줄이기를 위해서는 당류 섭취 저감화에 대한 긍정적 결과기대를 높이고, 평소 달게 먹는 식생활을 개선할 수 있는 식생활 교육 및 가정환경 변화를 포함한 영양중재도 함께 이루어져야 효과적일 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

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