• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.59 no.9
• /
• pp.131-145
• /
• 2009

Literature in beauty art is insufficient regarding beauty spot, though it has played an important role in beauty art history. This study aims at analyzing various patterns and decorative functions of beauty spots and examining their remarkable differences by place and time. It attempts to find the symbolistic characteristics of beauty patch which influenced European countries socially and culturally in the 17th and 18th centuries, findings are as follows: first, beauty spots are extremely various by patch patterns and by forms, e.g. Wha-Jeon(花鈿), Bindi and artificial points. In the view of cosmetic purpose, they have been used to beautify appearances, reveal social positions and express the desires like blessing or protection from evil. In the times of Baroque and Rococo, though temporarily, people with beauty spots and their belonged societies used them as communicative tools: obviously, they functioned symbolistically. This study surveyed 156 persons to find what cosmetic messages and images beauty spots present in the contemporary world. Using SPSS 13.0, the study analyzed the responses and found that beauty spots are still functioning and welcomed to let women look more beautiful and more attractive, though their cosmetic messages and sizes have been simplified and scaled down.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.42-47
• /
• 2003

Stainless rolling stocks are usually fabricated by spot welding process without painting. Indentation on the surface of the car body after spot welding injures the beauty of the stainless rolling stocks. In this study, insulated electrode tips to reduce the indentation are developed and applied to the actual spot welding works. The developed tips are composed of head, neck, hole for cooling water, body and resistance material. They provide large surface contact area with the base materials during spot welding and enhance the current density by necking. Experimental results using the developed tips show that small indentation and sufficient tensile shear strength is produced due to large contact area and enhanced current density.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
• /
• 2002.05a
• /
• pp.386-391
• /
• 2002

Stainless rolling stocks are usually fabricated by spot welding process without painting. Indentation on the surface of the car body after spot welding injures the beauty of the stainless rolling stocks. In this study, electrode tips to reduce the indentation are developed and applied to the actual spot welding works. The developed tips are composed of head, nut hole far cooling water, body and resistance material. They provide large surface contact area with the base materials during spot welding and enhance the current density by necking. Experimental results using the developed tips show that small indentation and sufficient tensile shear strength is produced due to large contact area and enhanced current density.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.31-38
• /
• 2012

This study was conducted for the purpose of pursuing the development of Korean scenic spots1) by comparing policies of preserving and maintaining scenic spots in Northeast Asia, especially in South Korea, Japan, Taiwan, China. The objects to be compared for this study were the concepts and designation criteria of scenic spots, the types and present conditions of designated scenic spots and the preservation policies and budgets for scenic spots and so on. As for the research methods, analyses of literary documents, domestic and oversea on-site surveys and mutually-comparative analyses of translated data from China, Taiwan and Japan, etc. were used for this study, and the main results obtained by those research methods can be summarized as blow. As for the present conditions of designated scenic spots, it was found that there were more natural scenic spots than natural ones in Korea, Taiwan and China, while there were more cultural heritages designated as scenic spots than natural heritages in Japan. With Tourism Development Ordinance additionally enacted, which involves the contents related to the permission of tourism development and investment for scenic spots, the Taiwanese government tries to activate tourist attractions by attracting private enterprises' investments. What is unique about Japan is that some places can be pre-designated as scenic spots through an education committee called 'Scenic Spot Designation Committee'. The study of the book was investigation analysis with the designated present situation and the actual situation of the northeastern Asian national natural beauty spot. The type of Korea natural beauty spot resources and the appointment. I was going to offer it with a basic document to expect a designated standard and the designated activation of the Korea natural beauty spot.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
• /
• 2010.11a
• /
• pp.581-591
• /
• 2010

Korea Rail Network Authority ordered Urban Transit Magrev System on the alternative tender lines. The project was contained order with GS Construction and Yooshin Corporation as a result of competition as 5 consortium. Urban Transit Magrev System route was constructed in the whole Yeongjong-dong and Yongyu-dong, Jung-gu, Inchen. The main project is via transportation center in Inchen Int'l airport ~ Work complex ~ Water park ~ Yongyu-station and has Total continuation of 6.1kilometers, Station of 6 spot, Car base of a spot, go out line(a single line) of 380meters. Scale of construction is Major of Roadbed, Railroad, Building, Inspection and Repair facilities. The first Urban Transit Magrev System in Korea is a new symbol of Korea and has polished beauty and creative artistry based on functional perfection. It was designed in harmony with Inchen Int'l Airport improving the dignity of SOC design.

• Architectural research
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.7-16
• /
• 2002

In order to examine theoretical underpinnings of preference for built forms, 129 subjects are asked to rate a series of 9 slides of residential houses depicting a wide range of architectural styles on a 5 point scale, for coherence, complexity, excitement, familiarity, and natural harmony, respectively. Based on Lee's (2002a, 2002b) two previous studies addressing the issue of aesthetic beauty evaluation for man-made creatures (e.g., residential housing scenes), this study summarizes several meaningful findings. As reported by all the subjects, first, both "desire to visit" and "desire to live in" turned out to be a good predictor of preference as the two measures are highly correlated in statistically significant levels (99.9%). People who desire to visit a spot are more likely to desire to live in it. Second, Pearson's correlations showed that coherence is the opposite end of complexity. The more likely a housing setting is hanging together, the less likely it looks to be complex. Overall, though, it is not clear that the two variables work directly in that way, as weighted on preference ratings. That is, coherence and complexity are likely to be totally two independent systems that affect the ratings of preference. Third, both excitement and environmental sensitivity (e.g., harmony of a house with its surrounding nature) most highly account for the preference for various housing scenes, while familiarity has only a little effect on preference ratings. Possibly, people like or dislike a visual thing, no matter how much they are familiar with it. Finally, this study suggested that design professionals could communicate effectively with their clients if sets of visual standards as an appropriate communication tool for better design are properly established.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.106-112
• /
• 2019

Pulsation variance technique is blended the bumpy popple-sonance status of the brilliant-disparity understanding level (BDUL) on pulsation understanding gestalt. The understanding level condition by the pulsation understanding gestalt system is composed with the popple-sonance system. As to look for a two-node white-small dot of the brilliant situation, we are to take of the pulsation value with two-node white-small dot by the output signal. The concept of understanding level is composed the reference of brilliant-disparity level for variance signal by the pulsation sonance gestalt. Moreover indicating a bumpy variance of the BDUL of the maximum-minimum in terms of the popple-sonance gestalt, and pulsation two-node white-small dot sonance that was the a pulsation value of the far variance of the Pul-ug-FA-${\pi}_{MAX}$-MIN with $23.24{\pm}3.36units$, that was the a pulsation value of the convenient variance of the Pul-ug-CO-${\pi}_{MAX}$-MIN with $7.97{\pm}1.60units$, that was the a pulsation value of the flank variance of the Pul-ug-FL-${\pi}_{MAX}$-MIN with $3.02{\pm}0.47units$, that was the a pulsation value of the vicinage variance of the Pul-ug-VI-${\pi}_{MAX}$-MIN with $0.50{\pm}(-0.01)units$. The popple sonance will be to evaluate at the bumpy ability of the popple-sonance gestalt with two-node white-small dot by the pulsation understanding level on the BDUL that is indicated the brilliant-disparity gestalt by the understanding level system. We will be possible to suppress of a gestalt by the special signal and to utilize a pulsation data of popple sonance level by the popple understanding system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
• /
• 1998.05a
• /
• pp.60-60
• /
• 1998

아연도금강판은 내식성이 우수하여 자동차용 강판으로 널리 쓰이고 있다. 자동차용 강판은 spot 용접에 의해서 각 부분들이 접합되는데 도금층으로 사용되는 아연은 강판보다 융점이 낮아서 용접작업을 저하시킨다. 현재 사용되는 작업조건에서 용접 타 접수가 평균 2000회를 넘게되면 용접되는 부위의 면적이 감소되어 접합강도가 떨어지게된다. 따라서, 아연이 도금된 강판을 용접하게되면 작업성이 저하되므로 도금층의 성분에 대한 변화를 주므로서 이에 대한 개선을 할 필요가 있다.. Cole, Dickenson 및 Kimchi 등은 도금충내의 알루미늄을 0.1~0.5%(중량비) 함유하는 아연도금강판은 저항용접시 도금충내의 알루미늄 함량에 따라 용접성이 영향을 받는다고 보고하였다. 전극수명은 도금층내의 알루미늄 함량이 증가할수록 떨어지는데 알루미늄이 0.5% 이 하로 함유된 아연도금강판의 경우는 용접타접수가 2000~6000회에 이르르나 알루미늄 이 50%이상 함유된 합금도금강판은 200-600회에 불과한 것으로 나타난다. H. M Matsuda 등은 도금층의 알루미늄이 용접성에 영향을 미치는 이유로서 도금층의 용융 온도 변화를 지적하였다. 도금충내에 알루미늄의 함량이 높게되면 철과 아연의 확산에 의한 합금화 반응이 저하되어 도금층의 용융온도가 높아지지 못하므로 용접성이 나빠지게 된다. 본 연구에서는 아연도금욕의 조성은 기존의 상태로 유지하고 제3의 원소를 첨가하여 도금층에 함유되는 알루미늄의 양에 미치는 효과를 조사하였다. 도금층의 불성변화 및 그에 따른 내식성을 조사하였으며 도금층의 조직변화도 함께 관찰하였다. 아울러 첨가원소에 의한 도금욕의 특성도 평가하였다. 첨가원소에 의해서 도금충내의 알루미늄 함량은 감소하는 경향을 나타내었으며 도금층의 물성은 주어진 조성범위 내에서 별다른 변화를 나타내지 않았다.brittlement)기구도 제안되고 었다. 원전의 냉각수는 고 순도의 물이지만 수 처리 과정과 웅축기 배관의 누수로 인한 산소, $Cu^{2+},{\;}S_xO_6{\;}^{2-}(x=3~6)$ 등이 유입되어 오염되는데 이려한 오염물질들이 수 ppm정도 소량 포함된 경우 응 력부식민감도는 상당히 증가된다. 산성분위기 흑은 산소, $Cu^{2+}$, 등이 소량 포합된 산화성 분위기 그리고 sufur oxyanion 에 오염된 고온의 물에서 600 의 IGSCC 민감도는 예민화도가 증가할 수록 민감하여 304 의 IGSCC 와 매우 유사한 거동을 보인다. 본 강연에서는 304 와 600 의 고온 물에서 일어나는 IGSCC 민감도에 미치는 환경, 예민화처리, 합금원소의 영향을 고찰하고 이에 대한 최근의 연구 동향과 방식 방법을 다룬다.다.의 목적과 지식)보다 미학적 경험에 주는 영향이 큰 것으로 나타났으며, 모든 사람들에게 비슷한 미학적 경험을 발생시키는 것 이 밝혀졌다. 다시 말하면 모든 사람들은 그들의 문화적인 국적과 사회적 인 직업의 차이, 목적의 차이, 또한 환경의 의미의 차이에 상관없이 아름다 운 경관(High-beauty landscape)을 주거지나 나들이 장소로서 선호했으며, 아름답다고 평가했다. 반면에, 사람들이 갖고 있는 문화의 차이, 직업의 차 이, 목적의 차이, 그리고 환경의 의미의 차이에 따라 경관의 미학적 평가가 달라진 것으로 나타났다.corner$적 의도에 의한 경관구성의 일면을 확인할수 있지만 엄밀히 생각하여 보면 이러한 예의 경우도 최락의 총체적인 외형은 마찬가지로 $\ulcorner$순응$\lrcorner$의 범위를 벗어나지 않는다. 그렇기 때문에도 $\ulcorner$

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.87-102
• /
• 2004

By introducing Mondrian's creative world into the field of fashion design, I examined how its application can satisfy not only visual expressions but also the desire of fashion design for its simplicity, individuality, and sensitivity. As a program developing designs and guiding how to produce, the textile CAD system helps to develop a variety of textile systems. In case of dying or textile printing, a variety of free expressions of print patterns and functional color simulations are possible by the configuration of colors or enlargement of design. It can also confirm the flexible simulation with a variety of color changes through the monitor by treating the knit design with dots. Especially in case of consulting for the design with ordering customers, the system is very speedy and effective, because it is possible to correct on the spot those complicated elements of designs and color sensation and see the prints in the light of marketing, processing and artistic value. Mondrian's Art, beauty of balance and proportion in the Mondrian's plastic forms, the changes of coloring and texture were added into vertical and horizontal lines and the divisions of faces for the dressmaking. Whether they were the reciprocal action of human body, texture and color or the reciprocal action of human body and colors, these changes will be interpreted differently, depending on the individuals' experiences and psychological moods of situations. The emphases of the sense are also different, depending on the activity and functionality.

• Proceedings of the KWS Conference
• /
• 2005.11a
• /
• pp.79-81
• /
• 2005

Bridges constructed recently are preferred to have long spans and simple structure details considering not only the function as bridge but scenic beauty, maintenance, construction term and life cycle cost, etc. Therefore, they require high performance steels like extra-thick plate steels and TMCP steels. A TMCP steel produced by themo-mechanical control process is now spot lighted due to the weldability for less carbon equivalent. It improved at strength and toughness in microstructure. Recently, the SM570-TMC steel which is a high strength TMCP steel whose tensile strength is 600MPa has been developed and applied to steel structures. But, for the application of this steel to steel structures, it is necessary to elucidate not only the material characteristics but also the mechanical characteristic of welded joints. In this study, the characteristics of residual stresses in welded joints of SM570-TMC steel were studied through the three-dimensional thermal elastic-plastic analyses on the basis of mechanical properties at high temperatures obtained from the elevated temperature tensile test.