• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.27 no.spc
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• pp.703-714
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• 2016

Dwelling environments that can help elderly farmers to live more safely, independently, and conveniently are becoming more and more important. Many rural houses are built without any particular architectural or energy-related criteria, so most of them have poor insulation. The construction technology used is also not precise, which increases the loads for heating and cooling. Therefore, rural houses need to be improved. Also, there is more and more need for plans to realize eco-friendly dwellings, so the principle of nature-oriented plans related to the direction, insulation, or landscaping of a house is being emphasized. Insulation is one of the most effective ways to save energy for heating and cooling. This preliminary study to improve the insulation of rural houses examined three regions in South Korea: the central region, the southern region, and the Jeju Island. A field investigation was conducted on a total of 18 houses, including six from each town in the selected regions. The information was used to figure out the current status of rural houses and the characteristics of the buildings. The main living spaces are the living room for the central region and the main room in the southern region and Jeju Island. The southern regions are plane shapes surrounded by rooms, and all ventilation is accomplished by windows. The studied houses were mostly masonry structures with slate rooftops. Additions and improvements included room expansions and bathroom interior installations.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.19-26
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• 2014

Analysis of influential factors on water consumption in households will help predicting the water demand of end-use in household and give an explanation to cause on the change of trend. In this research, the data are gathered by radio telemetry system which is combined electronic flow-meter and wireless communication system in 140 household in Korea. Using this data, we estimate for each residential type to determine liter per capita day. we used real data to predict bathtub and washbowl water-uses and compared the ordinary least square regression model and autoregressive regression error model. The results of this study can be applied in the planning stages of water and waste water facilities.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.109-117
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• 2017

It becomes increasingly important to develop sustainable housing to protect environment. The certification system for long-life housing was made to use houses for more than one hundred years in 2014. The long-life housing should be able to meet new demands by change of the population structure; low birthrate, aging and increase of single households. Therefore, it is necessary to suggest a prototype of long-life housing for partial rent. The objective of this study is to suggest a prototype for dividing housing in the long-life validation complex, which has design consideration for dividable house. The construction costs of a prototype for dividing housing is evaluated by comparing with other prototype without regard to dividing housing. The results were as follows: (1) The prototype for diving housing should be added an entrance, bathroom, kitchen for tenant, and above all, maintenance fees for tenant have to be managed seperately from house owner. (2) The equipment system for dividing housing should be designed when planning the space of house. However, design for diving housing should be reflected the unit plan at a minimum on what will and will not happen.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.21-34
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• 2010

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate risk factors for falls in the elderly by life-cycle. Methods: This study used the data on 435 male and female elderly generated from a survey taken at 21 Welfare Centers for the Elderly in Seoul. The incidence of demographic characteristics, physical changes brought about with ageing, health-related behavior, chronic diseases, and environmental characteristics on falls in the elderly was analyzed. Hierarchical Logistic Regression analysis was also conducted to investigate the incidence by life-cycle (early-mid-late stage) and the results were used for predicting falls. Results: The incidence of risk factors on falls varied across life-cycle. Among the elderly in the early (ages from 65 through 74), marital status, the existence of a companion, the quality of sleep, the chronic diseases, and the condition of the bathroom floor were found to be related to falls. Among those in the mid-stage (ages from 75 through 84), sex, marital status, the existence of a companion, hearing capacity, sense of balancing, chronic diseases, the exclusive use of rooms, and the side bar with bath tub were found to affect falls. Finally, for the elderly in their late stage (85 years of age and older), drinking and vision were found to be related to falls. Conclusion: The incidence of risk factors on falls was found to vary according the stage in the elderly. A key implication of this finding is that falls prevention programs and interventions must be catered to specific age sub-groups.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.99-106
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to investigate the modernity characteristics of the traditional housing in Seoul 1920s to 1930s setting the criterion for analyses based on a Korean architect, Park, Kil-Ryong 'Housing improvement theory' about 'the Housing Plan of the Middle Area in Choseon'. The architect Park, Kil-Ryong expressed 'Housing Improvement Theory' positively founded on having a deep knowledge of traditional architecture. At his early working stage in 1928, he announced 'Housing Improvement Theory' about 'the Housing Plan of the Middle Area in Choseon' from the paper titled 'An Inquiry into the Housing of the Middle Area in Choseon', It is inferred that his paper quite affected the modern changes of traditional housing of those days. As the results of the study, even though the main floored room still keeps the symbolical and central position in traditional housing, the size of that is designed to be smaller than before. The room on the opposite side is generally designed widely as the scope more than 2 'KAN' and shows the features of expansion and division according to functions. By interchanging the location of the kitchen, the inner room as the main living space souths in the front of the house. The kitchen is designed as fitting size and separated from the space of working, linking, setting the table, keeping things and others. The bathroom is built in the house and then connected to the corridor. Each space is effectively planned for the best location in the house as considering lightening and ventilation.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.485-495
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• 2013

As rural life has shifted with the long term changes in the internal and external conditions of rural communities, this study aims to investigate the living conditions and life satisfaction of rural women. 70 questionnaires in health, clothing, food, shelter, economic conditions and child-rearing fields were used for a survey of 393 rural women from five rural areas in the northern region of Gyeongsangbuk-Do. Statistical techniques of frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, ANOVA, t-test and regression analysis were employed through 'SPSS Statistics 21'. Participants were divided into 3 groups, with Group A with income less than 15 million won, Group B with income of at least 15 million won and less than 30 million won, and Group C with at least 30 million won. For the life satisfaction and health conditions, Group C showed higher scores than Group A. The food security status of rural women in the research area was worse than that in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, and food consumption by Group C was higher than that of Group A and Group B. For the satisfaction of kitchen, bathroom facilities and heating system, the income of 15 million won seemed to be the divisive value where richer groups were more satisfied. Job satisfaction seemed more related with the income amount rather than with the job itself. The parenting efficacy and child-rearing satisfaction were higher for Group C than for Group A. Determinants of life satisfaction turned out to be health conditions, heat susceptibility, fruit consumption, kitchen unit satisfaction, job satisfaction and parenting efficacy.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.105-106
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• 2017

Background: Atopic dermatitis one of the most common chronic skin diseases, is caused by various environmental and genetic factors. Methods: A total of 2609 healthy newborns who were enrolled in the COCOA study (COCOA) from 2008 to 2015 were surveyed for indoor environmental exposure to fungi during gestation and then diagnosed postnatally for atopic dermatitis. The fungi collected during the gestation of 20 normal subjects and 20 infants that developed atopic dermatitis were identified using Illumina's MiSeq platform and analyzed for their diversity and species. Results: A total of 2,609 respondents were surveyed (52.8% male and 47.2% female) Children, 1, 2, and 3 years old diagnosed with atopic dermatitis comprised 15.2%, 15.7%, and 14.1% of the respondents, respectively. The prevalence of exposure to mold during gestation was 1.46 (95% CI, 1.05-2.04) and 1.52 (95% CI, 0.95-2.43), in the first and third years after birth, respectively. One-year-old children with atopic dermatitis and no fungal markers detected in the bathroom environment during gestation accounted for less than 5% (aOR, 1.51; 95%CI, 0.96-2.38) and in the group less than 5 ~ 30% (aOR, 2.21; 95%CI, 1.00-4.89), 3-year-old children had an increased prevalence of atopic dermatitis of more than 30% (aOR, 9.48, 95%CI 1.42-63.13). Conclusions: Exposure to indoor fungi during gestation and infancy is associated with the development of atopic dermatitis in children. The phyla and genera of the fungi in the indoor house dust differed during gestation. This suggests that exposure to indoor fungi during gestation may be associated with the development of atopic dermatitis in children. Future research will be necessary to establish the underlying mechanisms.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.119-129
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• 2016

Rapid changes to the paradigm of smart media have created a communication environment through merging with various media such as IoT technology, which is internet of things. Among them, user' need for a start home, which is one of people living conditions, has been growing and values of the communication environment in a living space using a smart mirror have been growing. However, studies on figuring out behavior and analyzing needs of family members who actually use the living space are insufficient. This study is to draw the service system of the home smart mirror by analysis of behavior and needs of users of the living space. For a research method for analysis of behavior of family members, I wrote two kinds of user's experience maps, which are frequency of use of a quantitative space of a living space and space's important value scales by persona study and depth interview. Through this, applied spaces of the home smart mirror (living room, bathroom, powder room, dress room, porch, kitchen, room) and the types of user needs (type of providing information, entertainment type, control type, service type) have been drawn and statistical analysis methodology has been utilized for a research of user preferences in regard to correlation between living spaces and types of user needs based on a survey. As a result of analysis of ages and gender, types of user needs by space have been drawn and the service system of the home smart mirror has been drawn. It would be utilized as a basic material for various contents development and design using the smart mirror in the future.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.86-94
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• 2018

A sports center fire in Jecheon caused 29 deaths and 40 injuries. This study focused only on the structural factors of the building and equipment to investigate the causes of casualties based on the fire investigation results at the sports center. The structural factors of the building and equipment were a piloti-type parking lot, lack of a fire compartment between the piloti-type parking lot and lobby, lack of an installed sprinkler system, lack of an installed fire door in the main stairs on the $1^{st}$ floor, lack of an installed fire water tank on the rooftop, an installed pocket fire door in the main entrance on the $2^{nd}$ floor, poor fire compartments in an EPS space and a pipe pit and on each floor, a leak in the joint of a drain pipe, plywood installed in the hoistway of the freight elevator and interior wall, illegal remodeling of a closed rooftop structure, which cannot discharge smoke and heat, installed styrofoam insulation in the inside of the parking lot ceiling, an installed tempered glass window, which cannot be opened in the ladies bathroom on the $2^{nd}$ floor, and a finished dryvit exterior wall.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.57-66
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• 2018

A sports center fire in Jecheon that caused 29 deaths and 40 injuries was analyzed based on initial response and management in order to investigate the causes of the casualties. The aspects of initial response included delay of reporting 119, not being guided to the exit for the body scrubber on the $2^{nd}$ floor for escape, opening the fire doors of the exits on the $1^{st}$ floor and $3^{rd}$ floor, not closing the fire door of the main stairs on the $3^{rd}$ floor, and not doing an emergency broadcast. The management aspects included closing the alarm valve of the sprinkler system on the $1^{st}$ floor, starting-stop of the fire pump controller, neglecting leakage of water and electricity between the false ceiling and ceiling in the parking lot, hiding the exit light in the ladies bathroom lounge on the $2^{nd}$ floor and piling up things in the exit, neglecting the button of an automatic door on the $2^{nd}$ floor, conventional fire safety management, insufficient inspection of fire equipment, and not working fire shutters and smoke exhaust windows.