• 경영과학
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.89-103
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• 1995

Traditionally, the scarce and expensive resources in communication networks has been the bandwidth of transmission facilities; accordingly, the techniques used for networking and switching have been chosen so as to optimize the efficient use of that resource. One of them is the packet switching for data communications, which is much different from the circuit switching. It allows multiple users to share the data network facilities and bandwidth, rather than providing specific amounts of dedicated bandwidth to each users. One main challenge therefore has been to design and build cost-effective packet switching networks. In this paper, we develop a mathematical programming medel and heuristic algorithm for designing the packet switching networks with hop-count constraints. To develop an efficient heuristic, we apply the Lagrangian relaxation method. Some valid inequalities, which have been known as the tight constraints, are considered to improve the bound for Lagrangian sub-problem. The computational experiments show that the performance of the proposed heuristic is very satisfactory in both the speed and the quality of design solutions generated.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.216-226
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• 2008

This paper proposes a novel transport network architecture for the next generation network (NGN) based on the optical burst switching technology. The proposed architecture aims to provide efficient delivery of various types of network traffic by satisfying their quality-of-service constraints. To this end, we have developed a soft-state bandwidth reservation mechanism, which enables NGN transport nodes to dynamically reserve bandwidth needed for active data burst flows. The performance of the proposed mechanism is evaluated by means of numerical analysis and NS2 simulation. Our results show that the packet delay is kept within the constraint for each traffic flow and the burst loss rate is remarkably improved.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.119-127
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• 2008

Transmission of video over Internet or wireless network requires coded stream capable of adapting to dynamic network conditions instantly. To meet this requirement, various scalable video coding schemes have been developed, among which the Scalable Video Coding (SVC) extension of the H.264/AVC is the most recent one. In comparison with the scalable profiles of previous video coding standards, the SVC achieves significant improvement on coding efficiency performance. For adapting to dynamic network bandwidth, the SVC employs inter-layer switching between different temporal, spatial or/and fidelity layers, which is currently supported with instantaneous decoding refresh (IDR) access unit. However, for real-time adaptability, the SVC has to frequently employ the IDR picture, which dramatically decreases the coding efficiency. Therefore, an extension of SP picture from the AVC to the SVC for an efficient inter-layer switching is investigated and presented in this paper. Simulations regarding the adaptability to dynamic network bandwidth are implemented. Results of experiment show that the SP picture added SVC provides an average 1.2 dB PSNR enhancement over the current SVC while providing similar adaptive functionality.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제40권10호
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• pp.59-66
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 다수 트래픽 클래스들에게 최소 대역폭을 보장해 줄 수 있는 광버스트스위칭 (Optical Burst Switching, OBS) 기법을 제안한다. 현재까지 제안되었던 QoS (Quality of Service) 관련 OBS 기법들은 클래스간 차별화는 가능하였으나 여러 클래스들이 존재하는 경우 하위 우선순위의 트래픽 클래스는 상급 클래스와 충돌로 최소 대역폭을 보장해 주진 못 하였다. 본 논문에서는 클래스별로 데이터 채널의 일정 시간구간을 할당하여, 최소한 그 영역에서는 최상급 클래스보다도 높은 우선순위를 부여하여 최소 대역폭을 보장받도록 하였다. 이런 동작을 효율적으로 가능하게 하기 위해서 새로운 버스트 어셈블리 알고리즘과, 데이터 채널의 시간영역을 관리방법을 제안한다. 또한 제안된 기법의 단대단 지연시간과 성능을 시뮬레이션을 통해 검증하였다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1991년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부
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• pp.171-174
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• 1991

Among the various PWM methods, the hysteresis-band current control PWM method is popularly used because of its simplicity of implementation, fast response characteristics and inherent peak current limiting capability. However, the current control PWM method with a fixed hysteresis-band has the disadvantage that switching frequency decreases and current ripple is high as the increasing of back-EMF. As a result, load current contains excess harmonics. This paper describes a adaptive hysteresis-bandwidth control algorithm so as to maintain the average switching frequency constant and decrease the current ripple where the hysteresis bandwidth is derived as a relation with the switching frequency. This control algorithm is applied to the surface-type brushless DC motor with separated winding and using the computer simulation, the validity of its algorithm is proved.

• 정보처리학회논문지C
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• 제10C권2호
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• pp.155-162
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• 2003

빠른 복구 시간과 함께 서비스의 보장은 망의 신뢰성을 보장하는데 있어서 주요한 목표이다. 보호 스위칭 방식에 의하여 특정 서비스를 요구하는 세션의 서비스 품질을 보장하는 한 가지 방법은 작업 경로를 설정할 때 작업 경로의 대역을 보장하는 복구 경로를 함께 설정하는 것이다. 작업 경로의 대역을 보장할 수 있는 복구 경로를 설정할 때 다른 작업 경로에 대한 복구 경로의 대역을 서로 공유하면 대역의 소비를 감소시킬 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 보호 스위칭에 의한 복구 경로 설정에 있어서 작업 경로상에 최대로 할당된 링크의 대역을 기반으로 복구 경로의 공유 대역을 결정하는 방안을 설명한다. 그리고 이러한 단순 공유 방안의 문제점과 원인을 지적하고 이것을 실제망에 적용했을 때의 결과를 시뮬레이션을 통해서 보여준다. 그리고 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위한 방안으로 링크 데이터베이스를 통한 완전 공유를 구현할 수 있는 방안을 제시하고 그 결과를 보여준다.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.156-162
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• 2011

The control loop time delay caused by sampling, the zero-order-holder effect and calculations is inevitable in the digital control of dc-dc switching converters. The time delay will limit the bandwidth of the control loop and therefore degrade the transient performance of digital systems. In this paper, the quantization time delay effects with different time delay values based on a generic second-order system are analyzed. The conclusion that the bandwidth of digital control is reduced by about 20% with a one cycle delay and by 50% with two cycles of delay in comparison with no time delay is obtained. To compensate the time delay and to increase the control loop bandwidth, a duty ratio predictive control scheme based on linear extrapolation is proposed. The compensation effect and a comparison of the load variation transient response characteristics with analogy control, conventional digital control and duty ratio predictive control with different time delay values are performed on a point-of-load Buck converter by simulations and experiments. It is shown that, using the proposed technique, the control loop bandwidth can be increased by 50% for a one cycle delay and 48.2% for two cycles of delay when compared to conventional digital control. Simulations and experimental results prove the validity of the conclusion of the quantization effects of the time delay and the proposed control scheme.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.72-78
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• 2004

In this paper, a development of an inductive position sensor is described. The sensor is similar to a radial magnetic bearing in that the sensor stator is shaped like a heteropolar magnetic bearing and is driven by a switching amplifier. A demodulation filter extracts the gap information from the switching current ripples. A prototype sensor exhibits the resolution of $0.43\mum$ and the dynamic bandwidth of about 800Hz. The dynamic performance can be improved by increasing the switching frequency. However, the eddy current effects become noticeable at high switching frequency, thus limiting the improvement of the bandwidth.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1998년도 하계학술대회 논문집 F
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• pp.2145-2147
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• 1998

This paper presents a Class-D type switched mode audio power amplifier employing ZVT(Zero-Voltage-Transition) soft switching technique. In order to obtain a wide bandwidth and lower distortion for an audio amplifier a high switching frequency is essential. The ZVT switching scheme enables a high frequency switching without sacrificing the efficiency much as in a hard switching. A prototype amplifier is built to demonstrate the feasibility of this technique for the audio power amplifier.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.274-285
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• 2022

Retransmission in optical burst switching networks is a solution to recover data loss by retransmitting the dropped burst. The ingress node temporarily stores a copy of the complete burst and sends it each time it receives a retransmission request from the core node. Some retransmission schemes have been suggested, but uncontrolled retransmission often increases the network load, consumes more bandwidth, and consequently, increases the probability of contention. Controlled retransmission is therefore essential. This paper proposes a new controlled retransmission scheme for loss recovery, where the available bandwidth of wavelength channels and the burst lifetime are referred to as network conditions to determine whether to transmit a dropped burst. A retrial queue-based analysis model is also constructed to validate the proposed retransmission scheme. The simulation and analysis results show that the controlled retransmission scheme is more efficient than the previously suggested schemes regarding byte loss probability, successful retransmission rate, and network throughput.