• 한국항해학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 1991

The coaxial sample holder with 20mm in diameter and the adaptor from type N connector-to-20mm${\phi}$ coaxial tube are designed and manufactured which have been used for designing and measuring the fabricated microwave absorber. In addition, the measure in method of material constants of the microwave absorbers is described, which is focused on minimizing the error due to the sample's shapes, the fitting conditions, etc. After describing the design method of a single-layed microwave absorber, the microwave absorbers for X-band, C-band and S-band RADARs are designed and fabricated, respectively, which are composed of ferrite, carborn, and binder and have good performance. Futhermore, we develop the high performance microwave absorber in extremely wide-band type for RADAR, which is composed of different material and its mixing ratio and which could cover nearly from 4 to 10 GHz.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.119-122
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• 2006

We present an intelligent optical switching structure based on our lambda-group model along with a working scheme that can provide a distinctive approach for dividing complicated traffic into specific tunnels for better optical performance and grooming efficiency. Both the results and figures from our experiments show that the particular channel partition not only helps in reducing ports significantly, but also improves the average signal-to-noise ratio of the wavelength channel and the blocking performance for dynamic connection requests.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.63-70
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• 2008

Narrow-band interference (NBI) from the coexisting narrow-band services affects the performance of ultra wideband (UWB) systems considerably due to the high power of these narrow-band signals with respect to the UWB signals. Specifically, IEEE 802.11a systems which operate around 5 GHz and overlap the band of UWB signals may interfere with UWB systems significantly. In this paper, we suggest a novel NBI suppression technique based on singular value decomposition (SVD) algorithm in time hopping UWB (TH-UWB) systems. SVD is used to approximate the interference which then is subtracted from the received signals. The algorithm precision and closed-form bit error rate (BER) expression are derived in the wireless multipath channel. Comparing with the conventional suppression methods such as a notch filter and a RAKE receiver, the proposed method is simple and robust and especially suitable for UWB systems.

• 전자공학회논문지B
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• 제33B권8호
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• pp.50-59
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• 1996

In this paper, a new hierarchical motion estiamtion scheme using the wavelet transformed multi-resolution image layers is proposed. Compared with the full search motion estimation method, the existing hierarchical methods remarkably reduce the amount of the computation but their efficiencies are depreciated by the local minima problem. In order to solve the local minima problem, the multi-resolution image layers are composed using the wavelet transform and the number of layers participated in the motion estimation for a block is determined by considering of its low band energy and higher band energy on the first wavelet transformed layer. The ratio between higher band energy and low band energy of each block is evaluated and in the case of the blocks which include relatively large higher band energy, the motion estimation is carried out in the high resolution layer. Otherwise, all layers are used. The final motion vectors are obtained in the first wavelet transformed layer. So less bits for motion vectors are transmitted, and the decomposition of received image using inverse wavelet transform decreases the blocking effect.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.80-90
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• 2014

본 연구는 강원대학교 학술림을 대상으로 조사한 42개 표본점의 재적정보와 Landsat TM 영상으로 추출한 Remote Sensing(RS)정보를 이용하여 잣나무임분의 재적을 추정하는 것을 목표로 한다. 실험 대상 학술림 잣나무림의 ha당 평균재적은 $307.7m^3/ha$, 표준편차는 $168.4m^3/ha$이며 산출된 잣나무림 재적을 등급화하였다. TM 영상에 3 by 3 majority filtering을 수행하기 전과 후에 각각 11개의 지수를 추출하였으며, 지수별 평균 화소 값을 이용하여 선형 회귀식 도출에 필요한 독립변수를 선정하였다. 11개의 지수는 6개의 DN(밴드값, 열감지밴드인 Band6을 제외), NDVI(정규식생지수), Band Ratio(BR1:Band4/Band3, BR2:Band5/Band4, BR3:Band7/Band4), Tasseled Cap-Greeness(TC G) 1개로 구성하였다. 그 결과, 필터링 전과 후 모두 NDVI와 TC G가 회귀식에 가장 적합한 지수로 선정되었으며, $R^2$는 필터링 전과 후가 각각 0.736, 0.753로 모두 높았다. 또한, 정확도 비교를 위하여 오차검증을 실시한 결과, RMSE는 필터링 전과 후가 각각 약 $69.1m^3/ha$, 약 $67.5m^3/ha$으로 필터링 후가 낮았으며, bias는 각각 약 $-12.8m^3/ha$, 약 $9.7m^3/ha$으로 필터링 후의 편차가 적어 필터링을 실시한 회귀식이 적합한 모형으로 선정되었다. 필터링 후의 회귀식을 적용하여 추정한 임반별 재적은 총 재적이 약 $160,947m^3$이며, 평균 재적은 약 $315m^3/ha$로 실제 잣나무림의 재적보다 약 1.2배 높게 추정되었다.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 Band-II(30-170 MHz) 대역의 아날로그 FM 라디오 방송을 디지털로 전환하기 위한 규격인 DRM+(Digital Radio Mondiale Plus) 시스템에 대한 비트오류율 성능을 Band II 대역 다중경로 채널모델 및 FM 인접채널 간섭 하에서 모의실험을 통하여 확인한다. 모의실험 결과에서 DRM+ 시스템은 이동속도가 300km/h인 경우에도 시변채널 환경에서 강건한 성능을 보인다. 그리고 다중경로 채널의 지연확산이 클수록 주파수 다이버시티에 따른 채널부호의 이득이 증가함을 확인하였다. 또한, FM 신호에 의한 인접채널 간섭이 존재하는 DRM+ 시스템의 10-4 비트오류율 성능을 보장하기 위해서는 반송파 주파수 간격이 150 kHz일 경우에 FM 간섭신호 대비 DRM+ 전력비율은 -30 dB 이상이 되어야 함을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.699-708
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• 2001

This paper presents a new approach to the AFR (Air-to-Fuel Ratio) control problem, which is based on the wide-band oxygen sensor output. The dedicated nonlinear controller is based on the feedback lineaization technique. It is well known that the feedback linearizing control technique requires an exact model of the plant for the cancellation of plant nonlinearities. A sliding mode control scheme is applied which can effectively compensate the modeling uncertainties. The measurement time delay of an oxygen sensor limits the gain of the feedback controller. Hence, time delay compensation procedure is necessary for the improvement of control performance. The Smith predictor is adopted to compensate the effects of time delay. The simulation and experimental results show that the proposed controllers can effectively reduce the transient peaks of AFR in spite of fast tip-in and tip-out maneuvers of the throttle.

• 한국연소학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2015

The object of this study is a deriving the relations according to the measuring locations between the chemiluminescence and the flame state at commercial burner. In this study, the flame chemiluminescence of the flame of commercial burner is measured using a photomultiplier tube and the optical band-pass filter. In addition, the contour of the chemiluminescence of the flame is measured using the common CCD camera and the optical band-pass filters, and the acquired images is converted by the simple image processing as a matrix form. The results showed that certain relationship between optical data and equivalence ratio exists, and the contour according to the measuring location of the flame chemiluminescence is different by equivalence ratio.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.191-195
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• 2004

Gallium or sulphur additions in $CuInSe_2$ were prepared using RF magnetron sputtering and pulsed laser deposition respectively. All of the observed thin films shows a chalcopyrite structure with the S and Ga addition increases the favourable (112) peak. The optical absorption coefficients were slightly decreased. The energy band gap of films could be shifted from 1.04 to 1.68 eV by adjusting the mole ratio of S/(S+Se) and Ga/(In+Ga). It is possible to obtain the optimum energy band gap by adding S or Ga solute at a certain ratio in favour of Se and In respectively. It is also necessary to control the ratio of Ga and S additions and to retain a certain portion of In and Se to provide better properties of thin films.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.35-41
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• 2010

Experimental study on the flow field inside the nozzle for radial turbine was performed. At design point, the pressure is high and the Mach number is low at the pressure side of the nozzle inlet semi-vaneless space as the flow turns through the nozzle vanes. As the flow accelerates through the nozzle passage to the throat the pressure level at the pressure and suction sides becomes similar. The flow continued accelerating from the throat to the inlet of turbine wheel and the pressure field became uniform in the circumferential direction in the vaneless space. In high expansion ratio condition, strong favorable pressure gradient band region occurred just after the throat in the semi-vaneless space in the circumferential direction and the pressure became uniform in the circumferential direction after this band. In low expansion ratio condition, core flow acceleration is dominant after the throat and this non-uniform pressure field reached to the inlet of turbine wheel.