• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 한 바퀴 이동로봇의 균형제어를 위해 퍼지방법을 사용하였다. PD제어를 사용하여 균형을 유지하는 한 바퀴 로봇은 시간이 지남에 따라 플라이휠이 한 방향으로 기울어지게 되고 결국에는 균형이 무너지는 현상이 발생한다. 선행연구에서는 이를 해결하기 위해 게인 스케줄링 방법을 사용하였다. 본 논문에서는 퍼지방법을 사용하여 균형 각도를 보상하므로 균형 제어 성능을 높이고자 하였다. 퍼지제어를 통해 desired offset의 각도를 보상하므로 김벌이 한쪽으로 흘러 넘어지는 현상을 보완하였다. 한 바퀴 구동 이동로봇의 균형제어 실험을 통하여 제안하는 제어방식의 성능을 검증하였다.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.154-161
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• 2012

This article presents experimental studies of fuzzy logic application to control a two-wheel mobile robot(TWMR) system. The TWMR system is composed of two systems, an inverted pendulum system and a mobile robot system. Although linear controllers can stabilize the TWMR, fuzzy controllers are expected to have robustness to uncertainties so that the resulting performances are expected to be better. Nominal fuzzy rules are used to control balance and position of TWMR. Fuzzy logic is embedded on a DSP chip to control the TWMR. Balancing performances of the PID controller and the fuzzy controller under disturbances are compared through extensive experimental studies.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2009년도 정보 및 제어 심포지움 논문집
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• pp.109-111
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• 2009

In this paper, we discuss how to design 2-wheeled mobile robot hard wares as reasonable and practical as possible. A segway type mobile robot consists of 2 wheels only, placed in parallel rather than horizon. 2-wheeled mobile robots make you overcome high cost and time consuming maintenance procedures of the robot by reducing the number of robot hardwares. The most challenging thing in a 2-wheeled mobile robot that has many more valid virtues than the traditional mobile robots is to make it balance itself whenever it stands still or goes forward. But balancing itself is not an easy matter and there are many researches and experiments on this issue. When researchers test theories on 2-wheeled mobile robots to improve its self balancing performance, they should consider how to design hard wares of that mobile robot. No matter how great those new theories are, if a testbed for those theories is not suitable, performance output would be poor and meaningless. In this point of view, to design a proper 2-wheeled mobile robot as a testbed is a very important issue with development of new theories. So we define 4 guide lines to design segway type mobile robots reasonably; about motor, battery, and MCU selection and shock-proof design with robust motor setting.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.188-196
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• 2016

For the balancing control of a one-wheel mobile robot, CMG (Control Moment Gyro) can be used as a gyroscopic actuator. Balancing control has to be done in the roll angle direction by an induced gyroscopic motion. Since the dedicated CMG cannot produce the rolling motion of the body directly, the yawing motion with the help of the frictional reaction can be used. The dynamic uncertainties including the chattering of the control input, disturbances, and vibration during the flipping control of the high rotating flywheel, however, cause ill effect on the balancing performance and even lead to the instability of the system. Fuzzy compensation is introduced as an auxiliary control method to prevent the robot from the failure due to leaning aside of the flywheel. Simulation studies are conducted to see the feasibility of the proposed control method. In addition, experimental studies are conducted for the verification of the proposed control.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.87-93
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• 2014

Conventional two-wheeled balancing robots are limited in terms of turning speed because they lack the lateral motion to compensate for the centrifugal force needed to stop rollover. In order to improve lateral stability, this paper suggests a two-wheeled balancing mobile platform equipped with a tilting mechanism to generate roll motions. In terms of static force analysis, it is shown that the two-body sliding type tilting method is more suitable for small-size mobile robots than the single-body type. For the mathematical modeling, the tilting-balancing platform is assumed as a 3D inverted pendulum and the four-degrees-of-freedom equation of motion is derived. In the velocity/posture control loop, the desired tilting angle is naturally determined according to the changes of forward velocity and steering yaw rate. The efficiency of the developed tilting type balancing mobile platform is validated through experimental results.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.342-348
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• 2015

This paper presents a two-wheel balancing mobile robot with linear workspace extension structures. The two-wheel mobile robot has two linear motions at the waist and shoulder to have extended workspace. The linear motion of the waist and shoulder provides some structural advantages. A dynamic equation of the simplified robot system is derived. Simulation studies of the position control of the robot system are performed based on the dynamic equations. The dynamic relationship between a two-wheel mobile system and linear extension mechanism is observed by simulation studies.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2015

Two-wheeled driying mobild robots are precise controlled in terms of linear contol methods without considering the nonlinear dynamical characteristics. However, in the high maneuvering situations such as fast turn and abrupt start and stop, such neglected terms become dominant and heavy influence the overall driving performance. This study describes the nonlinear optimal control method to take advantage of the exact nonlinear dynamics of the balancing robot. Simulation results indicate that the optimal control outperforms in the respect of transient performance and required wheel torques. A design example is suggested for the state matrix that provides design flexibility in the control. It is shown that a well-planned state matrix by reflecting the physics of a balancing robot greatly conrtibutes to the driving performance and stability.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.469-475
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 두 바퀴로 구동되는 역진자기반의 1인승 차량의 안정적인 균형을 위해 제어기를 설계하였다. 탑승자의 몸무게에 따라 전체 질량이 달라지므로 그에 따른 PID 제어기의 이득값을 실험적으로 구하였다. 이 때 탑승자의 몸무게에 따라 무게 중심이 달라지게 되는데, 이는 밸런싱 각도에 영향을 미치게 된다. 따라서, 안정적인 균형을 이루기 위해서는 몸무게에 따른 목표 밸런싱 각도를 수정하여 제어해야 한다. 다양한 탑승자의 몸무게를 측정하기 위해 차량에 체중계를 달고 측정된 체중 데이터를 컴퓨터로 전송하여 제어기에 적용하였다. 다양한 실험으로 얻은 정보를 사용하여 제어기의 게인 스케줄링을 통하여 보다 안정적인 균형을 유지할 수 있었다.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.144-149
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• 2017

There have been lots of interest on service and entertainment robots. To ensure that robots work in harmony with humans, their stability and compactness are some of the key issues. Obviously, robots with fewer wheels occupy a smaller floor area compared to those with more wheels. In addition, robots with fewer wheels, whose posture stabilities are maintained by feedback control, are stable even under larger accelerations and/or higher locations of the center of mass. To facilitate controller design, it is assumed that both pitch and roll dynamics are decoupled. The dynamic equations of motion for the proposed robot are derived from the Euler-Lagrange equation. To obtain the optimal balancing control law, linear quadratic regulator control methods are applied to the linearized dynamic equations. Simulation and experimental results verify the effectiveness and performance of the proposed balancing control algorithm for a single-wheeled mobile robot.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 두 바퀴 구동 이동로봇(이륜이동로봇)의 균형제어에 대해 논한다. 이륜이동로봇은 두 바퀴로 구동되며 균형을 유지하면서 목표점으로 이동하는 이동로봇이다. 선형제어기인 PD제어기로 균형을 유지할 수 있지만 강건한 제어를 위해서 비선형제어인 시간지연제어기를 사용하였다. PD제어기와 시간지연 제어기의 성능을 비교하기 위해 이륜이동로봇에 적용하여 실험하였다. 로봇의 각도를 위해 시간지연제어방식, 위치제어를 위한 시간지연제어방식, 그리고 각도와 위치 제어를 위한 시간지연제어 방식 등 3가지로 나누어서 실험을 시행하였다. 제어기의 이득값을 달리하며 실험을 통해 시스템의 성능을 평가하였다.