• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.495-508
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• 2016

This study was conducted to recognize the need for diet and nutrition education to correct body-shape and eating habits that lead to eating disorders in college students. The relationship between diet and obesity was confirmed. Approximately 405 (male 46.4%, female 53.6%) students were evaluated by questionnaire in September 2014. The statistical program SAS (ver. 4.3) was used to evaluate the Chi-squared, F and T-value. The correlation between eating disorder risk and eating habits was evaluated by Pearson's correlation. Body type recognition was classified into nine steps up the body fatty (9) to skinny (1) to show their body. Eating disorder risk (KEAT-26) was composed of F1 (attachment factors for weight loss), F2 (attachment factors for binge eating, and food), and F3 (adjustment factor to eating their will. The risk of eating disorders in male 73.4% of low risk, in female 61.3% (p<0.05). According to body mass index, underweight groups recognized in the normal weight (53.7%), normal weight group was in overweight (29.1%) (p<0.001). According to body-type, the overweight group had a higher risk of eating disorders (68.2%). The KEAT-26 showed that the overweight and obese group were high-risk in F1 & F2, while the underweight group was high-risk in F3 (p<0.001). Recognized overweight showed the dangers of eating disorders, proper recognition of body-type and body mass index required. Tendency to seek a balanced diet was associated with eating disorders, no-imposed adequate diet for nutritional education would be made. Proper nutrition education for males is needed depending on the increased incidence of male eating disorders.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.29-37
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• 2002

This study was designed to assess diet and health-related factors of older adults in Korea. Subjects females were 2,660 adults aged 50 and over living in Korea. Males were 847 persons and were 1813 persons. The mean weight and height for males and females were 63.8 $\pm$ 0.3kg / 164.0 $\pm$ 0.2cm and 57.0 $\pm$ 0.2kg /150.6 $\pm$ 0.1cm respectively. BMI (body mass index), body fat, and percent fat were significantly greater in females than in males. The muscle mass and body water were significantly greater in males than in females. Twenty-one percent of total subjects lived alone and 26% with spouse only. Most of the subject's self-reported income was in middle level (65%) or low level (24%). Proportion of subjects who answered 'very poor' or 'poor' on perceived health status was higher in older group. The 50-64 years old group was facing more stress than 65yr and over group. Among male subjects,38.4% were current-smokers and 22.0% were ex-smokers. But only 6.5% of female subjects were current-smokers. Males turned out to have better dietary habits-meal frequency per day, mealtime regularity, regular meal size and balanced eating-than females (p < 0.001). This study revealed that the diet and health-related factors affect nutritional status and chronic diseases of the elderly. For better management and evaluation of health status of the elderly, more effective nutritional assessment tools should be developed.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.23-34
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• 1979

Adequate intake of nutrients exert a profound influence on the physical and spiritual development of children. Thus, it is important to children and their mothers about nutrition and selection of nutritious foods. In order to underline the importance of nutrition for children, this study investigated and analyzed food habits of children expecially those in preschool ages, to obtain basic data to develop effective educational materials related to nutrition. dietary habits of 61 boys and 44 girls in the average age of six were surveyed through their mothers. Results therefrom are as follows : 1. Only 17 per cent of the mothers questioned replied that they considered the balance of diet in preparing meals, while 58.1% of the mothers gave precedence to the liking of their family . The lower the educational level of a mother , the higher her stress on the food preference of her family. 2. Seventy six of the mothers said they understand the basic food group , but only one mother displayed an accurate knowledge about it. 3. As for between meal eating , 82.9% took fruits, 68.6% milk, 35.2 bread, and 33.3% cookies. 4. Problems with food habits of children were : Unbalanced diet for 43.8% of children ,eating of snacks at irregular intervals for 26.7% and TV impact for 5.7%. 5. Children's food habits are greatly influenced by their parents, In the case of animal liver, 32.1 % of the children surveyed do not like to eat it, while 35.8% have never tasted it . 27.9% of children also do not like to eat cereals. Children's likes and dislikes with regarded to foods were influenced greatly by their parents. Thus, it is urgent to educate mothers about balanced diet and basic food group. Children will have to be taught to understand unfavorable effects of unbalanced diet so that they may correct their unsound food habits. This study also indicated the need for developing new cooking methods for those food items which are very liked by children to be a major cause of their unbalanced dietary habits.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.199-208
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• 2023

The National Health Insurance Corporation reported a 24.3% increase in young diabetes patients, rising to 3,564,059 in 2021 from 2017, which is attributed to factors like irregular eating patterns, heightened stress, and insufficient physical activity. Diabetes, which is increasing in all age groups, requires medication, regular exercise, and dietary management. Of these aspects, dietary therapy demands systematic management as it involves ensuring sufficient calorie intake and a balanced consumption of the three major nutrients. The current diabetes diet recommendations consider personal, health, social, and cultural factors, yet they fall short of addressing various health variables comprehensively. Therefore, this paper proposes a diet recommendation system using life log data from diabetic patients, which recommends customized dietary suggestions according to the individual's health status by considering multiple variables in the data.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.86-93
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• 2004

Sixteen early lactating Nili-Ravi buffaloes, four animals in each group, were used in a Completely Randomized Design to evaluate the effect of varying levels of both ruminally protected fat and urea treated corncobs ensiled with or without corn steep liquor (CSL) on feed intake, digestibility and milk production and its composition. Four experimental diets were formulated. The control (C) diet was balanced to contain 0% fat and 35% urea treated corncobs ensiled with 0% CSL. The low fat (LF), medium fat (MF) and high fat (HF) diets had 45, 55 and 65% urea treated corncobs ensiled with 9% CSL and 2, 4 and 6% ruminally protected fat, respectively. Dry matter, crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) intakes by buffaloes remained similar across all treatments. However, DM and NDF as a percent of body weight and digestible DM intakes were higher in HF diet when compared to C, LF and MF diets. Digestible NDF intakes were also significantly higher in HF diet as compared to all other diets. The intakes of ADF and digestible ADF were higher in MF and HF than C and LF diets. The significant variation in digestible DM, ADF and NDF intakes may be attributed to the ammoniation of corncobs along with CSL that caused significant changes in the degradability and digestibility of the diets. Ether extract and digestible EE intakes differed significantly (p<0.05) among all treatments. Intakes of EE were the highest in animals fed HF diet, which was because of added fat. Apparent DM digestibility was the highest in animals C diet and was the lowest in those fed LF diet. Neutral detergent fiber and ADF digestibilities were higher in animals fed diets containing urea treated corncobs ensiled with 9% CSL when compared to those fed diets containing urea treated corncobs ensiled without CSL. Apparent digestibility of CP was noted highest (71.47%) in animals fed HF diet when compared to those fed MF (67.75%), LF (67.04%) and C (65.39%) diets. Milk yield (4% FCM) was the higher in buffaloes fed HF, MF and LF diets than those fed C diet. These results indicated that increasing levels both of fat and urea treated corncobs ensiled with CSL elevated the negative effects of poor quality fibrous feed on milk production by buffaloes.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.831-839
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• 2003

This study was conducted to investigate whether there were any differences in the body image perception, dietary behavior and maternal dietary guidance between an obese group (“OG”) and a normal weight group (“NWG”), and furthermore, to provide basic informations for comprehensive educational programs for obese children. For this purpose, the questionnaire method was used. The subjects were 1,501 elementary school children, in the 4th to the 6th grades in Seoul, Busan, Daegu, Gwangju, and Andong, and their mothers (1,459). The percentage of the children who misperceive their body image was higher among the girls (30.4%) than the boys (22.6%) The average scores for balanced dietary behavior as assessed by the children was higher in the OG than in NWG; the average scores for dietary control as assessed by their mothers was higher in the NWG than in the OG. The scores for dietary behavior as assessed by the children was different from those as assessed by their mothers. Assuming that the mothers would give more correct and balanced answers, the development of a reliable questionnaire for dietary behavior that could be more accurately answered by the children is necessary. Maternal dietary guidance for dietary control was more frequently given in the OG as compared with the NWG and more frequently in girls as compared with boys ; while that for balanced diet was more in the NWG as compared with the OG. The worse the mothers estimate of the dietary behavior for their children, the more they tried to guide their children in dietary behavior. It is recommended that the children should be taught to correctly recognize the degree of their obesity, and receive the appropriate educational program accordingly, including the maternal dietary guidance.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.636-644
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• 2003

This study compared the perceptions of children and their mothers of the effects of school lunch programs on the children's dietary behaviors in elementary schools. Questionnaires were answered by 425 elementary school students and their 412 mothers in the Busan area. The results indicated: The school lunch program had positive effects on children's dietary behaviors such as understanding healthy meals, correcting unbalanced diets, snack intake, attitude toward the meal, table manners, and table hygiene. However, there were still some negative habits in the home related to snack time, reading books or watching television during mealtime, eating foods before seniors have started. The gender of the children and whether the mothers worked or not produced no significant differences (in most cases). Still mothers more positively perceived the effect of school lunch programs on their children's dietary behaviors than did the children themselves. Thus, the school lunch program had positive effects for a balanced diet and making good eating habits. And, therefore, teachers-as well as the dieticians- should actively regard the school lunch program as an educational activity which can produce positive effects for a balanced diet, and make every endeavor to strengthen their relationship with the home.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.532-546
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• 2020

Purpose: Although the number of cancer survivors is increasing because of early diagnosis and better treatment, they are worried about relapses and metastasis. This study examined the dietary safety management awareness, capacity, and behavior of cancer survivors. Methods: Data were collected from 233 cancer survivors in Daegu and Gyeongbuk areas using a self-administered 5-Likert questionnaire from March to May 2018. Frequency analysis, one-way analysis of variance, factor analysis, reliability analysis, and correlation analysis were analyzed using the SPSS. Results: The average score for each factor was as follows: importance of weight management (3.83), education requirement (3.79), unhealthy diet (reverse, 3.64), food safety anxiety (3.34), lack of awareness of over and malnutrition (reverse, 3.26), obsession (3.23), cooking capacity (3.16), health-function pursuit (3.04), balanced diet (2.93), and chronic disease anxiety (2.64). The average dietary safety competency factors were significantly lower among the male survivors, aged 60-80 years, lower economic condition, and less nutritional supplement intake. Female survivors comprised the highest proportion with high health management and cooking capacity, while men had the lowest of all the factors (p < 0.001). The group that was low in all three capacity factors had a significantly lower average score of difficulty in acquiring knowledge (reverse), lack of awareness of over- and malnutrition (reverse), importance of weight management, education requirement, knowledge, balanced diet, and health-functional pursuit compared to the other groups (p < 0.001). Conclusion: To effectively manage health, dietary safety management education should be differentiated and actively conducted according to sex, age, cancer diagnosis time, economic status, nutritional supplement intake, and the capacity cluster of cancer survivors.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.215-224
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to survey several aspects of health and food related behavior of college students in Wonju area. Questionnaires were delivered personally to 430 students. The 37.9% of subjects were self-boarded and 27.4% lived in their home in Wonju area. They spend 230,000 won in average per month. Male students spent money more than female students and self-boarding students spent money more than other residental type students. The 90% of subjects thought they were healthy and the 25% of subjects exercised regularly. The subjects self-recognized their body as fat were more concerning about their weight control and had more weight control experience. SeIf-boarding students tended to skip their meals and had unbalanced diet. Students who lived in dormitory tended to skip meal less. Female students showed higher scores at balanced diet, snack intake, and left meal than male students. Self recognized their body as medium showed lower scores at overeating and eating irregularly. The amount of consumption of carbonated beverage was the highest among several instant foods. The frequencies of intake of those instant foods were different by gender, residental types, and eating behaviors.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.589-602
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• 2003

This study was designed to investigate the effects of weight reduction and changes in serum lipid composition using a commercial uncooked powdered food (UPF) diet on 27 obese hyperlipidemic women over a period of 12 weeks. We replaced the standard breakfast and dinner of each of the subjects with UPF. Their dietary intake status was evaluated by 24-hour recall method. Their body compositions were measured using a body fat analyzer. Also, we conducted hematological, clinical and lipid profile analyses of their blood. Their intake of energy, lipid and protein significantly decreased as the subjects started to take UPF, but their intake of vitamins and minerals, other than iron, increased. Due to the energy intake decrease, the subjects' weight, body fat and waist circumference significantly decreased. Among the lost weight the percentage of the body fat was high. We judged that this process of losing weight was successful in obese hyperlipidemic women. Serum HDL-cholesterol gradually increased and serum total-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride levels showed gradual decreases. When obese hyperlipidemic women replaced two of three meals with UPF for 3 months, we were able to see useful changes like decreased body fat and serum lipid. Complete judgment on the usefulness of UPF may be difficult but if people take a standard meal once a day and replenish their iron by taking UPF twice a day, we assume that replacing UPF with balanced regular meal not be a problem in nutritional status. Our results show that UPF is effective in the diet therapy of obese hyperlipidemic women.