• 제목/요약/키워드: bacterial blight.

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수확 후 제주 당근 재배 토양에서 Xanthomonas hortorum pv. carotae 분리 (Detection of Xanthomonas hortorum pv. carotae in Jeju Island Soils after Carrot Harvest)

  • 김미진;강현수;신용호;전용철
    • 식물병연구
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    • 제29권4호
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    • pp.433-439
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    • 2023
  • 당근 세균잎마름병은 세계적으로 가장 중요한 병에 속한다. 지난 10년 전 국내에서 처음 발견됨으로써 당근 생산에 큰 위협이 되는 병으로 간주되었다. 원인균으로 Xathomonas hortorum pv. carotae (Xhc)이며 본 연구는 제주도 당근재배지 토양에서 이 병원균을 분리 동정하고자 수행하였다. 분리한 세균 중 인공배지에서 균총의 형태가 당근 세균잎마름병균과 유사한 세균균총을 분리하여 선발하였다. 또한 이들 선발된 세균들을 대상으로 DNA 염기 서열과 NCBI 자료를 통해 몇몇 분리 세균이 Xhc으로 동정되었다. 게다가 이들 세균을 당근 잎에 접종하였더니 당근 세균잎마름병의 전형적인 병징이 나타났다. 본 연구 결과는 제주도 토양내 Xhc의 존재 가능성을 시사하고 앞으로의 당근 세균잎마름병 방제 수단을 강구하는 데 매우 필요한 자료로서 가치가 있다고 본다.

Elevated CO2 and Temperature Effects on the Incidence of Four Major Chili Pepper Diseases

  • Shin, Jeong-Wook;Yun, Sung-Chul
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제26권2호
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    • pp.178-184
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    • 2010
  • Four major diseases of chili pepper including two fungal diseases, anthracnose (Colletotrichum acutatum) and Phytophthora blight (Phytophthora capsici), and two bacterial diseases, bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum) and bacterial spot (Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria), were investigated under future climate-change condition treatments in growth chambers. Treatments with elevated $CO_2$ and temperature were maintained at $720ppm{\pm}20ppm$ $CO_2$ and $30^{\circ}C{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$, whereas ambient conditions were maintained at $420ppm{\pm}20ppm$ $CO_2$ and $25^{\circ}C{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$. Pepper seedlings or fruits were infected with each pathogen, and then the disease progress was evaluated in the growth chambers. According to paired t-test analyses, bacterial wilt and spot diseases significantly increased by 24% (p=0.008) and 25% (p=0.016), respectively, with elevated $CO_2$ and temperature conditions. On the other hand, neither Phytophthora blight (p=0.906) nor anthracnose (p=0.125) was statistically significant. The elevated $CO_2$ and temperature accelerated the progress of bacterial wilt by two days and bacterial spot by one day compared to the ambient treatment. Temperature regime studies of the diseases without changes in $CO_2$ confirmed that the accelerated bacterial disease progress was mainly due to the increased temperature rather than the elevated $CO_2$ conditions.

Evaluation of Bacterial Blight Resistance Using SNP and STS Marker-assisted Selection in Aromatic Rice Germplasm

  • Kim, Jeong-Soon;Gwang, Jae-Gyun;Park, Ki-Hun;Shim, Chang-Ki
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제25권4호
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    • pp.408-416
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    • 2009
  • A molecular survey was conducted to identify the presence of the bacterial blight resistance genes (Xa1, Xa4, xa5, xa13 and Xa21) in 86 accessions of aromatic rice obtained from germplasm. The results revealed that the resistance gene Xa4 (32.5%), Xa21 (17%), and xa5 (16%) were widely observed in tested rice germplasm. Among tested rice germplasm, 49 accessions showed the presence of more than one of five R genes, and 37 accessions possessed none of the R gene. TALLi and 05-IRRi-M-46 showed the presence of Xa4, xa5, xa13 and Xa21. Rice race $415{\times}Ir352$ exhibited positive amplicon for the Xa1, Xa4, xa5 and Xa21. Hyangmibyeo1hos, Ir841-85-1-1-2 and Jasmine85 showed the positive amplicon for the Xa1, Xa4 and xa5 genes. Yekywin Yinkya Hmwe and Khao Dawk Mali105 showed the presence of Xa1, Xa4 and Xa21 gene. Masino Basmati showed the presence of xa5, xa13, Xa21 genes. Xa1 and Xa21 genes were noticed in Mihayngbyeo, Tarana Deshi, Mayataung and AZUCENA. Hyangmibyeo2ho, Basmati 6311 and Basmati405 possessed only two R genes such as Xa4 and xa5, and xa5 and xa13, respectively. The evaluation results of bacterial blight resistance genes in aromatic rice germplasm will help in breeding of multi disease resistant varieties.

Agronomic traits of advanced backcross lines having bacterial blight resistant gene from a cross between japonica and indica

  • Kim, Woo-Jae;Park, Hyun-Su;Chun, Jae-Beom;Kim, Hyun-Soon;Kang, Kyung-Ho;Jeong, Ji-Ung;Ko, Jae-Kwon;Kim, Bo-Kyeong
    • 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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    • pp.265-265
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    • 2017
  • This study was carried out to develop rice variety integrated with rice bacterial blight resistance gene and to know the information of major agronomic traits of developed variety. Advanced backcross Lines 21 having Xa3 and Xa21 gene cross from japonica cultivar Hwanggeumnuri and indica variety IRBB21. Days after seeding and culm length of ABLs21 were 108 days (Aug. 16) and 76 cm, respectively. Ripened grain rates was 87.4 %, which was similar to the parents. 1000 grain weight of brown rice of ABLs21 was 21.4g, which was lower than the donor parent. Milled rice yield of ABLs21 was 532 kg/10a, which was smaller than recurrent parent and higher than the donor parent. Grain length/width ratio of brown rice was form of japonica with short-ellipse and glossiness of cooked rice has japonica trait. Head rice rate showed a large difference compare to the donor parent and similar to the recurrent parent. ABLs21 would be useful genetic resources for resistance breeding program against bacterial blight.

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리보플라빈을 함유한 바이오닥터TM 처리에 따른 벼 도열병과 흰잎마름병 억제효과 (Riboflavin-based BioDoctorTM Induced Disease Resistance against Rice Blast and Bacterial Leaf Blight Diseases)

  • 강범용;한송희;김철홍;김영철
    • 식물병연구
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    • 제22권3호
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    • pp.202-207
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    • 2016
  • 쌀은 세계에서 가장 중요한 작물 중의 하나이지만 충분한 비타민을 제공하지 않고, 벼 도열병과 흰잎마름병은 전 세계적으로 가장 큰 피해를 주고 있는 병해이다. 리보플라빈, 비타민 B2는 인간의 건강에 필수적인 영양소이며, 식물의 병원균에 대한 식물의 방어 활성화로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 BioDoctor (Hyunnong Co., Ltd., Gokseong, Korea)라는 리보플라빈 기반 제품을 벼에 경엽살포했을 때, 주요 병해에 대한 저항성 유도 및 벼 체내에 비타민 함량이 증가되는지에 대한 가능성을 조사하였다. 온실검정에서 BioDoctor 제품 500배와 1,000배로 희석하여 경엽처리 결과 벼 도열병과 흰잎마름병에 대해 현저한 병 저항성을 유도하였다. 또한, BioDoctor를 처리한 알곡과 잎에서 통계적으로 유의한 수준으로 리보플라빈 함량이 검출되었다. 본 연구는 비타민인 리보플라빈이 함유된 BioDoctor가 벼 도열병과 흰잎마름병에 대해 병 저항성을 유도할 뿐만 아니라 쌀 곡류 내에 비타민 함량을 증가시키는 큰 잠재력을 가지고 있는 것으로 나타났다.

Screening of Bacterial Leaf Blight Resistance Genes (xa5, xa13, Xa21) using Sequence Tagged Site (STS) Marker in Korean Varieties and Landraces

  • Kim, Young-Chang;Park, Yong-Jin;Ma, Kyung-Ho;Lee, Jung-Ro;Kim, Chang-Young;Choi, Jae-Eul;Kang, Hee-Kyoung
    • Plant Resources
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    • 제7권3호
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    • pp.187-194
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    • 2004
  • Sequence-tagged site (STS) markers tightly linked to the bacterial leaf blight (BLB) resistance genes, xa5, xa13 and Xa21, were used in this study. A survey was conducted to find polymorphisms between the resistant and susceptible germplasm in rice. 500 of Korean varieties and 100 of landraces were evaluated in this study. STS marker, RG207 was used to having xa5 resistance gene of rice germplasm. 27 varieties of Korean germplasm showed resistant for xa5 gene. The RG136 an xa-13 marker resulted in a single band of approximately 1kb in all the rice accessions studied. In order to detect polymorphism, digestion of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) product was performed using a restriction enzyme Hinf Ⅰ. The resistant lines resulted in two bands 0.5kb on digestion with Hinf Ⅰ, while the same enzyme did not digest the PCR product of susceptible lines. No polymorphism was detected in Korean varieties and landraces, indicating that they probably do not contain xa13 gene. pTA248 an Xa-21 marker detected a band of 1kb in the resistant lines and bands of either 750bp or 700bp in the susceptible lines. Among germplasm tested, there are no varieties and landraces with Xa21 resistant gene. The results of the germplasm survey will be useful for the selection of parents in breeding programs aimed at transferring these bacterial blight resistance genes from one varietal background to another.

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전남지방에 있어서 시비수준이 벼 품종별 백엽고병 감수성과 수량 및 미질에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Application Levels of Fertilizer on the Susceptibility to Bacterial Leaf Blight, Yield and Quality of Grains in Nineteen Rice Cultivars in Jeonnam Region)

  • 차광홍;김영신;김홍신;이돈길;김만수
    • 한국응용곤충학회지
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    • 제21권4호
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    • pp.216-221
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    • 1982
  • 시험은 흰빛잎마름병의 품종별 감수성과 수량 및 품질에 미치는 영향을 구명코자 시비량을 보비재배와 다비재배로 구분하여 전남지역에서 수행 되었다. 흰빛잎마름병은 발생은 다비조건에서 심했으며 심한 발병은 수도 품종들의 등숙에 영향을 주어 수량 감수를 초래하였고 청미율은 품질을 저하 시켰다. 또한 조생계품종에서는 지엽과 차엽이 발병되었지만 중, 만생계품종에서는 지, 차, 삼엽이 발병되었다. 이러한 차이는 보비조건에서 보다 다비조건에서 더욱 뚜렷하였다. 이 병에 대한 저항성품종은 태백벼, 백운찰벼, 팔공벼, 밀양 42호이었고 밀양 30호, 금강벼, 낙동벼, 진주벼는 감수성이었으며 이러한 경향은 시비 수준간에 같은 경향이었다.

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벼흰잎마름병 저항성 고품질 중생 벼 '해품' (Bacterial Blight-Resistant Medium Maturing Rice Cultivar 'Haepum' with High Grain Quality)

  • 남정권;박현수;백만기;조영찬;김우재;김정주;김보경;김기영;신운철;고종철;이건미;박슬기;이창민;김춘송;서정필;이점호
    • 한국육종학회지
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    • 제51권3호
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    • pp.222-233
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    • 2019
  • '해품'은 농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원에서 우리나라 중만생종에 편중된 벼 농사의 문제점을 완화하여 수확기 노동력 분산, 수확 후 관리의 유연성 확보, 이모작 재배의 확대를 위해 품질, 수량, 재배안정성이 향상된 중생종 벼 품종을 개발하고자 육성되었다. 벼흰잎마름병 저항성 고품질 '익산493호'(품종명 '진백')를 모본으로 하고 복합내병충성 '익산495호'('다청')와 단간 내 도복 직파적응성 '익산496호'('중모1005')를 교배한 F1을 부본으로 삼원교배한 F1을 약배양하여 계통육성과정, 생산력 검정시험 및 지역적응성 검정시험을 거쳐 육성되었다. '해품'은 보통기보비재배에서 평균 출수기 8월 11일로 '남평'에 비해 3일 정도 빠른 중생종이다. '해품'은 간장이 73 cm로 '남평'보다 8 cm 작은 단간 품종으로 도복에 안정적인 특성을 나타내며, '남평'과 비슷한 내수발아성을 갖추고 있어 중생종 품종의 남부평야지 재배 시 수발아 피해를 경감시키는데 도움을 줄 것으로 생각된다. '해품'은 벼흰잎마름병 저항성 유전자 Xa3과 xa5 두 개가 집적되어 있어 병원성이 강한 벼흰잎마름병균 K3a균계까지 저항성이며 줄무늬잎마름병에 강하고 도열병에 중도저항성을 나타내는 복합 내병성 품종이다. '해품'은 중만생종에 비해 수확기가 빠른 중생종임에도 보통기 보비재배에서 '남평'과 비슷한 수량성을 나타냈으며, 이모작 재배시험에 적용 가능한 수량성을 나타냈다. '해품'은 쌀의 외관품위가 좋고 밥맛이 우수하여 최고품질 품종에 선정되는 등 중생종 품종 및 벼흰잎마름병 저항성 품종의 품질 향상에 기여하였다. '해품'은 최고품질에 적정수량성을 확보하고 있으며 내수발아성, 벼흰잎마름병 저항성 등 재배안정성이 향상된 중생종 품종으로 남부평야지 및 벼흰잎마름병 발병상습지 재배에 적합하다(품종보호권 등록번호: 제6068호, 2016. 5. 3.).

Seed-born Burkholderia glumae Infects Rice Seedling and Maintains Bacterial Population during Vegetative and Reproductive Growth Stage

  • Pedraza, Luz Adriana;Bautista, Jessica;Uribe-Velez, Daniel
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제34권5호
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    • pp.393-402
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    • 2018
  • Rice world production is affected due to the growing impact of diseases such as bacterial panicle blight, produced by Burkholderia glumae. The pathogen-induced symptoms include seedling rot, grain rot and leafsheath browning in rice plants. It is currently recognized the entrance of this pathogen to the plant, from infected seeds and from environmental sources of the microorganism. However, it is still not fully elucidated the dynamics and permanence of the pathogen in the plant, from its entry until the development of disease symptoms in seedlings or panicles. In this work it was evaluated the infection of B. glumae rice plants, starting from inoculated seeds and substrates, and its subsequent monitoring after infection. Various organs of the plant during the vegetative stage and until the beginning of the reproductive stage, were evaluated. In both inoculation models, the bacteria was maintained in the plant as an endophyte between $1{\times}10^1$ and $1{\times}10^5cfu$ of B. $glumae.g^{-1}$ of plant throughout the vegetative stage. An increase of bacterial population towards initiation of the panicle was observed, and in the maturity of the grain, an endophyte population was identified in the flag leaf at $1{\times}10^6cfu$ of B. $glumae.g^{-1}$ fresh weight of rice plant, conducting towards the symptoms of bacterial panicle blight. The results found, suggest that B. glumae in rice plants developed from infected seeds or from the substrate, can colonize seedlings, establishing and maintaining a bacterial population over time, using rice plants as habitat to survive endophyticly until formation of bacterial panicle blight symptoms.