• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.421-427
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• 2013

Objective: This paper is to analyze the impact of musical training to the fast ${\alpha}$ wave activation of the EEG. Background: EEG is neurological research method that can observe the brain function in real time. EEG can be used to determine the nervousness and relaxedness of a person who receives stimuli in a structured environment. Therefore, it is possible to interpret the functional state of human brain by the analysis of EEG. Method: The brain activities of two groups of university students in the point of RFA(Relative Fast Alpha) caused by different music are analyzed in this paper. One is the group of music majors and the other is the group of non-majors. Results: Music major and non-major groups show meaningful differences in RFA during exposed to classic and metal music. Conclusion: Learning experience on music affects RFA increment of music majors. Application: The result of this study will be used as basic data to evaluate the learning effects of students who want to study music.

• Journal of Audiology & Otology
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.140-148
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• 2020

Background and Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of music training on the characteristics of auditory perception of speech and music. The perception of speech and music stimuli was assessed across their respective stimulus continuum and the resultant plots were compared between musicians and non-musicians. Subjects and Methods: Thirty musicians with formal music training and twenty-seven non-musicians participated in the study (age: 20 to 30 years). They were assessed for identification of consonant-vowel syllables (/da/ to /ga/), vowels (/u/ to /a/), vocal music note (/ri/ to /ga/), and instrumental music note (/ri/ to /ga/) across their respective stimulus continuum. The continua contained 15 tokens with equal step size between any adjacent tokens. The resultant identification scores were plotted against each token and were analyzed for presence of categorical boundary. If the categorical boundary was found, the plots were analyzed by six parameters of categorical perception; for the point of 50% crossover, lower edge of categorical boundary, upper edge of categorical boundary, phoneme boundary width, slope, and intercepts. Results: Overall, the results showed that both speech and music are perceived differently in musicians and non-musicians. In musicians, both speech and music are categorically perceived, while in non-musicians, only speech is perceived categorically. Conclusions: The findings of the present study indicate that music is perceived categorically by musicians, even if the stimulus is devoid of vocal tract features. The findings support that the categorical perception is strongly influenced by training and results are discussed in light of notions of motor theory of speech perception.

• Korean Journal of Audiology
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.140-148
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• 2020

Background and Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of music training on the characteristics of auditory perception of speech and music. The perception of speech and music stimuli was assessed across their respective stimulus continuum and the resultant plots were compared between musicians and non-musicians. Subjects and Methods: Thirty musicians with formal music training and twenty-seven non-musicians participated in the study (age: 20 to 30 years). They were assessed for identification of consonant-vowel syllables (/da/ to /ga/), vowels (/u/ to /a/), vocal music note (/ri/ to /ga/), and instrumental music note (/ri/ to /ga/) across their respective stimulus continuum. The continua contained 15 tokens with equal step size between any adjacent tokens. The resultant identification scores were plotted against each token and were analyzed for presence of categorical boundary. If the categorical boundary was found, the plots were analyzed by six parameters of categorical perception; for the point of 50% crossover, lower edge of categorical boundary, upper edge of categorical boundary, phoneme boundary width, slope, and intercepts. Results: Overall, the results showed that both speech and music are perceived differently in musicians and non-musicians. In musicians, both speech and music are categorically perceived, while in non-musicians, only speech is perceived categorically. Conclusions: The findings of the present study indicate that music is perceived categorically by musicians, even if the stimulus is devoid of vocal tract features. The findings support that the categorical perception is strongly influenced by training and results are discussed in light of notions of motor theory of speech perception.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.71-85
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• 2016

Since their emergence in the 1960s, music festivals have attracted young people the world over with similar tastes, attitudes and styles. Now a worldwide phenomenon, music festivals such as Glastonbury in England, Primavera Sound in Barcelona, Spain and Pentaport Rock Festival in Incheon, South Korea draw hundreds of thousands of attendees from around the world and have become a major event not only for music fans, but for trend forecasters who now chronicle what has come to be known as "festival fashion", which has several distinctive style markers. This paper provides a historical background of festival fashion, examines the phenomenon using fashion theory and discusses the controversies facing the music festival and festival fashion, in particular the role that sponsorship from major corporations currently plays as advertisers who want to get their products into the hands of influential festival attendees and allegations of cultural appropriation on the part of attendees. In conclusion, the future of music festivals and festival fashion as a category is examined.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.86-95
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• 2020

There is a unique method of musical expression in the nature documentary. The expression method is Mickey Mousing technique, which expresses the movement of animals with music. The Mickey mousing technique can also be used in other types of documentaries, but it is most prominently used in nature documentaries. The Mickey Mousing technique cannot be used in any field other than music composition, because the composer should describe the movement of animals by playing music to match the animal's movements exactly. It is also because they have to play the instrument separately according to the sound source. In this study, we examined the nature documentaries broadcast by KBS over the last five years and analyzed the cases of Mickey Mousing technique. Therefore, we obtained research results that the Mickey Mousing technique is necessary and that the music composition is also necessary as a background music of nature documentaries.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.6537-6540
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• 2013

Background: Music therapy is a common complementary and alternative therapy in addition to medical treatment for patients with cancer. If music therapy, which is known has a positive effect on human emotions and behaviors, is a useful additional therapy, it should be more integrated into pyscho-oncology. In this study, we aimed to determine medical oncologist attitudes to music therapy for patients with cancer and knowledge about musicology and music therapy in Turkey. Materials and Methods: This survey study included questions about participant attitudes and knowledge regarding music therapy as well as demographic characteristics. The population of the study were 402 physicians working in medical oncology in Turkey and the sample covered 112 participants in the the survey. For statistical analyses the chi-square test, Fischer exact test, and Mann-Whitney U analysis are applied. Results: In our study the rate for medical oncologists who were interested in music therapy was 28% (n=112). Some 30% (n=34) of medical oncologists recommended music therapy for their patients and 55% (n=61) recommended music therapy to prevent anxiety in patients with cancer. Conclusions: In this study, for more harmony with patients and in order to ensure management of adverse effect, it was concluded that music therapy should be regrded as an additional therapy in oncology clinics.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.147-152
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• 2018

Current research examined the effect of fit in the executional cue on brand memory for luxury and non-luxury brand advertising. In particular, this research looked at music to see how well individuals memorize information about brands where background music and sound logo fit or non-fit in the advertisement. As results, the influence of fit in music was higher in the luxury brand advertisement than that of non-luxury brand. The findings demonstrate fit leads more positive response not only in the relationship between the executional cue and the brand image or executional cues, as seen in the literature, but also in the executional cue. Moreover, the effect of fit in the executional cue is greater for the luxury (vs. non-luxury) brand. Based on the results, present research proposes the academic and practical implications.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.152-163
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• 2009

This essay researches which affective responses can be made from musical elements of Korean traditional music through adjective description about mood responses. It results that traditional mode which are classified into Pyoungjo and Gyemounjo hardly have any the affective responses, while major and minor mode, tempo, tone color, vertical and horizontal texture have some effects on particular affects. Meanwhile, newly composed Korean traditional music have more effects for as inducing affective responses rather than works as old Korean traditional music. As well as Western music, Korean traditional music induces different affective responses to each musical element. As such, this aspects can be adopted to different realms like background music, commercial music, music therapy and so on.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.1171-1179
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• 2013

Interactive audio service provide with audio generating and editing functionality according to user's preference. A spatial audio object coding (SAOC) scheme is audio coding technology that can support the interactive audio service with relatively low bit-rate. However, when the SAOC scheme remove the specific one object such as vocal object signal for Karaoke mode, the scheme support poor quality because the removed vocal object remain in the SAOC-decoded background music. Thus, we propose a new SAOC vocal harmonic extranction and elimination technique to improve the background music quality in the Karaoke service. Namely, utilizing the harmonic information of the vocal object, we removed the harmonics of the vocal object remaining in the background music. As harmonic parameters, we utilize the pitch, MVF(maximum voiced frequency), and harmonic amplitude. To evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme, we perform the objective and subjective evaluation. As our experimental results, we can confirm that the background music quality is improved by the proposed scheme comparing with the SAOC scheme.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.93-112
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to compare participants' perceived emotion following harmonic changes in music. In this study, 144 participants, aged 19 to 29 years, listened to music online that included low to high harmonic progression in tonal music (major-minor). After listening to each piece of music, participants were asked to rate 4 items using a 7-point Likert scale: emotional potency, arousal, degree to which the harmony impacted the listener's emotions, and listener's preference for the music. There were significant differences between each of the four items upon the level of harmonic progression. When the participants were divided into two groups (i.e., those with a background in music and those with no background in music), there was a significant difference between the groups in terms of emotional potency, but there was no significant interaction effect. This study confirmed that various emotional responses in listeners can be induced by controlling the exogenous variables in musical excerpts. Based on this, it is expected that the harmonic progression level can be provided to the client to be used as an effective therapeutic tool in music therapy intervention.