• 제목/요약/키워드: awareness of the times

검색결과 411건 처리시간 0.026초

Prevalence, Risk Factors and Disease Knowledge of Breast Cancer in Pakistan

  • Asif, Hafiz Muhammad;Sultana, Sabira;Akhtar, Naveed;Rehman, Jalil Ur.;Rehman, Riaz Ur.
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제15권11호
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    • pp.4411-4416
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    • 2014
  • Breast cancer is the most common cancer in females all over the world with approximately one million new cases each year as well as one of second leading causes of death among females. In Pakistan, the most frequently diagnosed cancer among females is also breast cancer, accounting for nearly one in nine female patients. Its incidence in Pakistan is 2.5 times higher than that in neighboring countries like Iran and India. The risk factors associated with breast cancer are age, family history, early menarche, intake of combined estrogen and progestin menopausal hormones, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, low socioeconomic status and lack of awareness regarding the disease. This mini-review article aims to provide awareness about breast cancer as well as an updated knowledge about the prevalence, risk factors and disease knowledge of breast cancer in Pakistan.

중환자실 간호사의 구강간호에 대한 인식 및 수행 실태 (A Survey on Oral Care among ICU Nurses)

  • 안진희;주현옥;강지연
    • 중환자간호학회지
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    • 제1권1호
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    • pp.47-57
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    • 2008
  • Purpose: Providing oral care is one of the most important nursing interventions in ICU. Good oral health prevents various complications including pneumonia and improves patients' well-being as well. The purpose of this study was to indentify the ICU nurses’awareness and performance on oral care. Methods: Using a convenient sampling, 170 ICU nurses from 5 university hospitals in two metropolitan cities were selected. Results: Of the 170 nurses in this study, 95.9% were aware of the importance of oral care. Subjects responded that providing oral care three times or more a day was appropriate to prevent ventilator associate pneumonia. 43.5% of the subjects acknowledged that they didn’t know what the most effective oral care solution was. In oral care performance, 61.8% of subjects provided oral care once a day for patients with intubation, and 74.7% used oral solutions without knowing the exact pharmacological effects of them. Conclusion: As the results of this study, most ICU nurses realized the importance on oral care for ICU patients, but the frequency of performance was low. To improve oral care performance in the ICU, structured education should be provided to ICU nurses and evidence based oral care protocols need to be developed.

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경기지역 초.중.고등학교 영양(교)사의 나트륨 저감화에 대한 인식도 및 실천도 (Awareness and Practice of Sodium Reduction by Elementary, Middle and High School Dietitians in Gyeonggi Area)

  • 이정희
    • 동아시아식생활학회지
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    • 제22권6호
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    • pp.734-743
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    • 2012
  • High sodium consumption is a significant nutrition problem in South Korea; however, few studies have examined the awareness and practice of dietitians with respect to low sodium diet in schools. In this study, we collected data from 211 dietitians in 2012. Most respondents indicated that sodium reduction was important in school meals (very important 40.5%, somewhat important 55.6%); however, they rarely checked the sodium content in the nutrition labels of processed foods (never/rarely 74.2%, sometimes 18.7%, always/often 7.2%). The main reason for not checking the sodium content was 'no nutrition table on some processed foods' (38.5%). The most important barrier to sodium reduction in school meals was overcoming the negative taste of students related to a reduced-sodium diet (70.4%). The most frequently used processed foods were processed meat (e.g. ham, bacon) (48.3%), frozen dumplings and noodles (33.8%), and sausage and dressing (14.5%) in school meals. The proportion of dietitians who used processed food ${\geq}$ 2 times per week for the school menu was 72.2% in high school, 28.4% in middle school and 12.4% in elementary school (p<0.05). Upon ranking of the importance of nutrients in school menus, calories received the highest score (4.35 points), followed by macronutrient ratios (4.30), calcium (4.06), iron (3.44) and sodium (3.20). Although most dietitians recognized that sodium reduction was important in school menu planning, they had poor dietary practices. It is suggested that we educate dietitians as well as students about the importance and practice of a reduced sodium diet. Furthermore, it is critical to develop diverse low sodium recipes and have a required nutrition labeling system for all processed foods. Overall, the results of this study could serve as a guide to planning effective nutrition programs to reduce sodium consumption in school feeding programs.

응급구조학과 학생의 생활스트레스에 따른 죽음인식태도와 생명윤리의식과의 상관관계에 관한 연구 (Correlation between death attitude and life ethics, according to the perception of life stress among paramedic department students)

  • 김승희;김정선;이효철;고대식;이미림;강광순;김철태
    • 한국응급구조학회지
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    • 제24권1호
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    • pp.103-115
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    • 2020
  • Purpose: This descriptive study investigated the relationship between death awareness and life ethics awareness, according to life stress, among students in the department of paramedics. Methods: General characteristics were identified using means and frequency, and the differences between the two military models were analyzed using the χ2-test and t-test by dividing them into lower and higher groups based on the mean life stress score (99.76 points). Results: Those with high life stress had higher death awareness than those with low life stress at 114.11 points. In contrast, those with low life ethics experienced more severe life stress with a score of 145.61 points (t=-2.609, p=.010)(t=-2.953, p=.003). The death recognition attitude and bioethics according to the degree of living stress-showed a significant correlation between the low and high groups (r=.188, p=.043) (r=.201, p=.042). Conclusion: Paramedic students require education on how to cope with life stress. However, access to education is limited to people living in modern times. As a potential solution to this problem, observing videos on the Internet is recommended. Moreover, we suggest accessing Internet and smart phone applications for advertising/educational purposes.

온라인베팅 확대허용 및 불법 온라인베팅 축소방안에 관한 인식 차이: 이용자, 중독자 및 일반인의 인식 비교 (The Difference of Awareness Level on Positive and Negative Effects of Permitting Online Gambling's Expansion: Focused on Gambling Users, Gambling Addicts, and General Population)

  • 김주연;최현주;안경모
    • 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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    • 제17권1호
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    • pp.426-435
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    • 2017
  • 온라인베팅은 누구나 언제 어디서나 접속이 가능하며 ICT기술의 발전에 따라 베팅의 편리성과 다양한 기회로 국내 불법 도박규모는 합법 사행산업의 4배 이상에 달하며, 불법 온라인베팅 시장 또한 가파르게 커지고 있다. 이에, 국내에서 운영되고 있는 체육진흥투표권과 전자복권 외에 다른 유형의 온라인베팅도 확대허용하고 관리해야 할 필요성이 제기되고 있다. 본 연구는 온라인베팅 확대허용에 대한 인식, 온라인베팅 확대허용 시 운영방안과 불법 온라인베팅 축소방안에 대한 인식을 온라인베팅 이용자, 중독자 및 일반인 대상으로 파악하였다. 분석결과, 온라인베팅 확대허용에 대한 긍정적 부정적 인식에 집단별 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 검증되었으며, 합법 온라인베팅 종목으로 경주류 베팅 확대허용 시 운영방안에 대한 인식 차이도 의미 있는 차이를 보였다. 이를 통해 온라인베팅 확대허용으로 양성화하게 되면 불법 온라인베팅 이용자가 합법 온라인베팅 이용자로 전환하게 될 가능성과 건전하게 이용할 수 있는 가능성이 있다는 것이 확인된 만큼 온라인베팅 확대허용의 긍정적 효과를 기대할 수 있을 것이다.

청소년의 식생활 라이프스타일 유형에 따른 불량식품관리 특성 (Adulterated Food Management Characteristics according to Dietary Lifestyles among Adolescents)

  • 김윤화
    • 대한지역사회영양학회지
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    • 제21권6호
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    • pp.509-519
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    • 2016
  • Objectives: Adulterated food education in adolescence period is very important because dietary management related to food safety is not made in a short period. This study aimed to identify dietary lifestyle factors which drive adulterated food management among middle and high school students. Methods: Data was collected from 270 middle and high school students in Daegu using a self-administered questionnaire in March and April of 2015. Data was analyzed using frequency analysis, one-way analysis of variance, ${\chi}^2$-test, factor analysis, reliability analysis, regression analysis, and cluster analysis. Results: The results of factor analysis indicated that adulterated food management awareness was classified into necessity, difficulty, and food purchasing anxiety. The adulterated food management capability was sub-grouped into environmental grasp, food identification, cooking hygiene, and situation management. The adulterated food management efficacy composed of management confidence, action intention, and knowledge. Dietary lifestyle comprised of gustation, family, and health factors after factor analysis, and it consisted of all seeking group, gustation seeking group, family seeking group, health seeking group, and family and health seeking group after cluster analysis. The gustation, family and health factors were significantly affected the factors of awareness, capability and efficacy of adulterated food management (p < 0.05). The frequency of health conditions, helping with meal preparation, and the times of eating out were significantly different according to seeking groups of dietary lifestyle (p < 0.01). The scores of awareness, capability and efficacy of adulterated food management of family and health seeking group were significantly higher than the other seeking groups (p < 0.05). Conclusions: This study suggests that adulterated food management education programs should account for gustation, family and health factors of dietary lifestyle to be effective for adolescents.

고객평가에 기초한 패션브랜드 자산의 구성요소에 관한 연구 (The Components of Consumer-Based Fashion Brand Equity)

  • 김혜정;임숙자
    • 복식문화연구
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    • 제10권6호
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    • pp.680-696
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    • 2002
  • The aim of this study was to identify the components of customer-based fashion brand equity which was built from customers´perception to equity. As a method, both literature review and empirical research were made. This study performed in three stages from May to November in 2001. In the exploratory step. focus-group interview was conducted 5 times for gathering responses related to fashion brand equity, and free association test of 17 respondents was additionally conducted. In pilot study, 40 university students were surveyed and the data were analyzed in order to identify the components of fashion brand equity and to develop questionnaire. In the main research, 905 university students evaluated fashion brand equity in order to analyze the components of fashion brand equity in customers´perception. Statistical analyses were performed with SAS program using factor analysis, cronbach´α, frequency, and mean. The results of this study was as fellows. First, fashion brand equity was defined in terms of four components; customer-brand resonance, brand imagery/customer feeling, brand performance/customer judgment and brand awareness. Second, fashion brand equity was multi-dimensional brand attitude, which could be measured by 29 variables that were different from uni-dimensional evaluation of previous studies.

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감정노동 인식개선 목적의 시각설치물 사례 분석 및 제안 (Case Analysis and Proposal of Visual Installations for the Purpose of Improving the Awareness of Emotional Labor)

  • 김석래;양근영
    • 디지털융복합연구
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    • 제18권12호
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    • pp.497-505
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    • 2020
  • 본 연구는 감정노동에 대한 사회적 관심이 커짐에 따라 많은 관련연구들이 진행되고 있으나 대다수 연구들이 서비스 제공자 측면에서 감정노동의 폐해를 예방, 또는 효율적인 사후 조치들을 모색하는 연구들이 주를 이루고 있다는 점에 착안하여, 본 연구는 이와는 반대로 대표적 대면직업군의 하나인 은행 창구 업무를 중심으로 서비스 요청자인 고객의 입장에서 감정노동의 어려움을 공감할 수 있는 인식개선의 장치로써 업무현장에 설치되어 있는 시각물의 현황을 파악하고 분석하여 그 개선방안을 제안하는 것에 목적을 둔 연구이다. 이를 위해 선행연구로써 감정노동의 개념과 유형 및 관련법규를 요약한 후, 분석연구로써 제1금융권 10개 은행에 대한 현장조사를 실시, 조사결과를 분석하여 문제점을 도출하고 제시된 문제점과 연결 지어 그 개선방향을 네 가지 측면(양적 증대, 효율성, 전달력, 협업 측면)에서 제안하였다. 이러한 일련의 과정을 통하여 감정노동 관련연구의 다양성을 확보한다는 측면에서 본 연구가 그 의미를 가질 것으로 예상된다.

캐주얼 브랜드 자산의 측정에 관한 연구 (How to Measure Customer Based Brand Equity of Casual wear)

  • 김혜정;임숙자
    • 한국의류학회지
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    • 제26권11호
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    • pp.1660-1671
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    • 2002
  • The purpose of this study is to develop and test the casual brand equity measurement, utilizing Heller 5(2001) ‘CBBE(Customer Based Brand Equity) Model' as a theoretical framework. The research was conducted in three steps from May to November in 2001. In the exploratory step, focus-group interview was conducted 5 times for gathering responses related to fashion equity. In Pilot study, 945 university students were surveyed and the data were analyzed to identify the components of fashion brand equity and to develop questionnaires. In the main research, 696 university students evaluated three brands in order to compare their equity that were formed in customers' perception. Statistical analyses were performed with SAS and LISREL 8.12 program using factor analysis and covariance structural equation model. The results were as follows: First, casual brand equity was defined in terms of six components; customer-brand resonance, customer feeling, customer judgment, brand imagery, brand performance and brand awareness. Second, casual brand equity was multi-dimensional brand attitude, which could be measured by 23 items that were different from previous measurement such as Aaker's ‘Brand Equity Ten' and K-BPI.

실손의료보험에 대한 한의사 인식도 조사 (Survey on Private Health Insurance Awareness of Korean Medicine Doctor)

  • 정혜인;남태광;김경한
    • 대한예방한의학회지
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    • 제27권2호
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    • pp.61-71
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    • 2023
  • Objectives : This study aimed to investigate the recognition of coverage for Korean medicine treatments in private medical insurance among Korean medicine doctors (KMDs). Methods : Questionnaire reviewed by experts was performed to KMDs who were registered in the Association of Korean Medicine. The survey targeted awareness of private health insurance for Korean medicine, appropriate coverage, cost, and frequency. Results : Data were collected from 932 respondents out of 28,234 Korean medicine doctors. Most KMDs were aware of coverage for Korean medicine in private medical insurance, and they responded that pharmacopuncture and herbal decoction were covered first. KMDs also responded that the coverage should be provided without limited number of times, except herbal medicine. Conclusion : Most KMDs responded that Korean medical private medical insurance was essential. To promote the developing insurance for Korean medicine, survey for public and insurance company will be performed.