• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.285-294
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• 2013

Purpose: This study aimed to explore professional autonomy, nursing work environment, and clinical decision making ability and to determine predictors of clinical decision making ability among clinical nurses. Methods: A cross-sectional design was used in this study and 263 clinical nurses were selected from advanced-level hospitals with over 500 beds located in D metropolitan city. Independent t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients and hierarchical multiple regression analyses were done with the SPSS/WIN 20.0 program. Results: Clinical nurses reported moderate levels of professional autonomy, nursing work environment and clinical decision making ability. Marital status, professional autonomy and nursing work environment accounted for 25% of variance in clinical decision making ability required in various clinical settings. Importantly, being married, higher level of professional autonomy, and greater satisfaction with work environment were significantly associated with better decision making ability. Conclusion: Findings indicate that improving the quality of decision making in the healthcare settings requires awareness of the multiple effects of individual, occupational and environmental features. Nurses' ability to make effective clinical decisions may rely on personal characteristics, the degree of autonomy in their job, and nurses' satisfaction with their work environment.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.109-114
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• 2018

Background: Although work absenteeism is in the focus of occupational health, longitudinal studies on organizational absenteeism records in hospital work are lacking. This longitudinal study tests time pressure and lack of time autonomy to be related to higher sickness absenteeism. Methods: Data was collected for 180 employees (45% nurses) of a Swiss hospital at baseline and at follow-up after 1 year. Absent times (hours per month) were received from the human resources department of the hospital. One-year follow-up of organizational absenteeism records were regressed on self-reported job satisfaction, time pressure, and time autonomy (i.e., control) at baseline. Results: A multivariate regression showed significant prediction of absenteeism by time pressure at baseline and time autonomy, indicating that a stress process is involved in some sickness absenteeism behavior. Job satisfaction and the interaction of time pressure and time autonomy did not predict sickness absenteeism. Conclusion: Results confirmed time pressure and time autonomy as limiting factors in healthcare and a key target in work redesign.

• Journal of Korean Academic Society of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.232-239
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• 2018

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the influences of professional autonomy and communication competency on the job satisfaction of psychiatric nurses. Methods: Participants were 141 psychiatric nurses working in psychiatric departments in 5 provincial hospitals. The questionnaire was composed of a total of 88 questions: general characteristics of participants (12 items), professional autonomy (30 questions), communication competency (15 questions), job satisfaction (30 questions). Data were collected and analyzed using t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and Multiple regression analysis with SPSS/WIN 24.0. Results: Job Satisfaction had significant positive correlations with both professional autonomy (r=.18, p<.001) and communication competency (r=.32, p<.001). These variables explained 24.3% of the variance in psychiatric nurses' job satisfaction. Conclusion: Thease findings indicate that professional autonomy and communication competency are important variables influencing job satisfaction for psychiatric nurses. Development and provision of intervention programs to increase professional autonomy and communication competency will help to increase psychiatric nurses' job satisfaction.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.139-156
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• 2022

This study aimed to examine the cause and consequence of emotional labor strategies based on the emotional labor framework. To investigate the boundary condition of the current research model, the study proposed that job autonomy would moderate the effects of emotional labor on employees' well-being. To achieve the purpose of the study, it was first tested whether neuroticism and extroversion of employees predicted the focal outcomes (i.e., burnout and work engagement) via distinct emotional labor strategies. Second, the moderation effects of job autonomy were tested for each emotional labor strategy in predicting the focal outcomes. Third, the conditional indirect effects of job autonomy on the mediation process were examined. The results revealed that surface acting partially mediated the relationship between neuroticism and burnout, whereas deep acting fully mediated the relationship between extraversion and work engagement. Regarding the moderating effects of job autonomy, it significantly moderated the relationship between surface acting and burnout and between deep acting and work engagement. In addition, from the moderated mediation effects, the conditional indirect effects of job autonomy were significant. Finally, theoretical and practical implications are discussed and limitations and future research directions were suggested.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.106-115
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• 2002

Little is known about sexual autonomy in the light of human sexual health or sexual behavior. The purpose of this study was to increase understanding of sexual autonomy by developing a scale to measure sexual autonomy in college students. The measure was based on the perspective of human beings as having autonomy. A methodological developmental design was used. The study was done in three steps and included concept development through content analysis of relevant literature individual interviews using open-ended questions with 19 college students, item analysis of data from self report questionnaires for item to total correlation, content validity index by professionals and college students, and factor analysis with principal component analysis. Three groups participated in testing the measurement scale; Group A in 1998, a nationwide convenience sample of college students (n=1,163), Group B, college students in 1999 (n=233), and Group C, college students in 2000 who responded to the measurement scale before and after a sex education program (n=216). A series of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to test validity. For analysis of the questionnaires, statistical methods including reliability (test-retest), item to total analysis, content validity, factor analysis for construct validity and t-test for mean difference according to gender, sexual coitus, previous sex education, and pre-post experiment sex education were used with SPSS 10.0. Results: 1. Two stable factors were extracted and these contributed 48.05% of the variance in the total score. All 13 items loaded above .40 on each factor. 2. Factor I with 10 items was named 'control' and factor II with 3 items and was named 'coping'. 3. Differences in sexual autonomy scores for college students according to their experience showed that there were significantly higher scores for sexual autonomy in the post sex education group(t=-10.841, p=.000), but there were no differences according to whether or not they had previous sex education. Female college students had higher sexual autonomy scores than male college students in A or B group (t=-5.933, p=.000/ t=-1.992, p=.048). 4. Cronbach's $\alpha$ was .8603 for the total 13 items with 1,632 college students, .8739 with 232 students, .8333$\sim$.7647 with pre-post sex education with 216 students. This measurement was found to have a high validity and reliability for measuring sexual autonomy in college students. Therefore, the author recommends that it be used to measure the effects of sex education. It is suggested that further study is needed to analyze the relationship between sexual autonomy and sexual behavior.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.199-208
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• 2016

In this study, We tried to investigate the relationship between the Caregiver's Autonomy of duty and the Their innovation action at the present situation of awareness diffusion of caregiver's job autonomy and rapid aging increasing. We analyzed the factors effected to the innovative action by the caregiver's job autonomy and demographic factor, to the caregivers who work in Seoul. As a result of the analysis, it was found the factors that effect to innovation action statistically and significantly are job autonomy, work schedule, decision-making, methodology, age, education, type of facility, scale of facility and job title. In other words, the organization tries to invest enough job autonomy to caregiver in their environment and the organizational culture tries to encourage new idea is induct positive effect to the innovative action. In this regards, the principal requires ability to create environment that the caregivers can suggest new idea, and develop the management strategy to improve caregiver's job autonomy.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.90-101
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate impact of sexual knowledge and sexual self-efficacy on sexual autonomy in middle school students in a rural area. Methods: With a cross-sectional descriptive design, 236 second-grade students were recruited from 4 middle schools using convenience sampling. The instrument was a self-administered questionnaire on sexual knowledge, sexual self-efficacy, and sexual autonomy. Data were analyzed using 2-sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe, Pearson correlation coefficient, and stepwise regression. Results: Results showed significant positive correlations among sexual knowledge, sexual self-efficacy, and sexual autonomy. Sexual self-efficacy and sexual knowledge explained 37% of the variance in sexual autonomy. Conclusion: Findings of this study suggest that it is relevant to address sexual self-efficacy as well as sexual knowledge in order to increase sexual autonomy in middle school students. Further studies are warranted to investigate these variables with a larger sample and for development and validation of interventions to enhance sexual self-efficacy and sexual autonomy in middle school students.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.363-373
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was investigates the Autonomy and job satisfaction of the nurses in the hematopoietic stem cell transplantation ward. The data was collected by distributing structured questionnaires to 79 nurses at the hematopoietic stem cell transplantation ward at 7 university hospitals in D, B and U Metropolitan cites, from May 20 to June 4, 2013 and analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient. The average autonomy level of nursing professionals was $165.47{\pm}19.56points$. The average nurse's job satisfaction was $3.15{\pm}0.35points$. The correlation between autonomy and nurse's job satisfaction showed to be not correlated. The correlation between autonomy and nurse's job satisfaction of the autonomy category(r=.273) and human interaction category(r=.257) showed to be correlated. It is necessary to developed education and policy programs for nurse's autonomy and nurse's job satisfaction at the hematopoietic stem cell transplantation ward.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.62-70
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• 2015

Purpose: This study is a descriptive research study to determine the level of professional autonomy, professional self-concept, and job satisfaction of emergency nurses, and to investigate their correlations and verify the effects of professional autonomy and professional self-concept on job satisfaction. Method: The subjects were 189 emergency nurses with a work experience of 1 year or more, in 14 hospitals located in B and U Metropolitan Cities. The study was conducted from July 20, 2014, to August 30, 2014. The measurement instruments for professional autonomy, professional self-concept, and job satisfaction were used as the measurement tools. The collected data were analyzed using the t-test, analysis of variance, Scheffe's test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple linear regression. Results: Job satisfaction among emergency nurses showed a significant positive correlation with professional autonomy (r=.28, p <.001), and with professional selfconcept (r=.50, p <.001) with sub-areas of professional practice (r=.79, p <.001), satisfaction (r=.64, p <.001), and communication (r=.25, p <.001). Factors affecting job satisfaction were satisfaction (${\beta}$=0.60, p <.001), followed by low professional autonomy (${\beta}$=-0.24, p <.001) and communication (${\beta}$=0.14, p =.008), which accounted in total for 48.3% of the effect. Conclusion: This study suggests that enhancing professional satisfaction, maintaining proper communication, and securing autonomy are required to improve the job satisfaction among emergency nurses.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.93-98
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• 2019

In case of unmanned aerial vehicles used in modern society, there has been a problem where a human operator should be still needed to control the UAV because of a lower level of autonomy. In this paper, genetic algorithm is selected as a methodology for the autonomy accomplishment and then we verify a possibility of UAV autonomy by applying the GA. The landing is one of the important classical tasks on aerial vehicle and the lunar Landing is one of the most historical events. Autonomy possibility of computer-simulated UAV is verified by landing autonomy method of a falling body equipped with a propulsion system similar to the lunar Lander. When applying the GA, the genom is encoded only with 4 actions (left-turn, right-turn, thrust, and free-fall) and applied onto the falling body, Then we applied the major operations of GA and achieved a success experiment. A major contribution is to construct a simulated UAV where an autonomy of UAV can be accomplished while minimizing the sensor dependency. Also we implemented a test-bed where the possibility of autonomy accomplishment by applying the GA can be verified.