• Korean System Dynamics Review
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.121-132
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• 2006

A container terminal should concentrate on efficient terminal operation in the long view and analyze an effect through introduction of hi-technology, automated equipments and intelligent information system, when they want to improve their reliability and competitive power in intense global competition. To do this, first this study finds out factors which affect competitive power of a container terminal, and relation between them. And then we used System Dynamics method to analyze an effect according to a value fluctuation of the factors in the long term.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.149-154
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• 2017

Recently, container terminal operators have made efforts to develop an efficient remarshalling plan in response to the increase in automation of equipment handling and transport of containers in the terminals. Usually, containers are handled by multiple AYCs(automated yard cranes) in-yard in an automated container terminal, and terminal operators establish a remarshalling plan using slack time to increase the efficiency of ship operation. This study develops the optimal mathematical model through mixed integer programming as a solution to the problem of dispatching multiple AYCs. Considering the difficulty of direct application to the field due to computation time, we analyze the five prototypical dispatching rules for real world adaptation. A numerical experiment found that the maximum weight ratio (MR) rule and the maximum weight (MW) rule are the ideal dispatching solutions to the multiple AYCs dispatching problem.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.223-231
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• 2003

In this paper, we present a scheme for developing a simulator which verify the AGV system operation in automated container terminal. First of all, we propose a guide path in automated terminal considering AGV productivity and present a traffic control scheme in a such guide path. Generally, the AGV system can be controlled by zone control scheme, but there are no flexibility and use simple operation. In this paper, we propose and use grid based control scheme to improve the flexibility of the AGV movement. Lastly, we construct the simulation environment which can do similar to that of real task and ease the modification and improvement of the control logics.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.219-226
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• 2020

The container terminal operators established a re-marshalling plan to reduce the loading operation time and the release operation time. Re-marshalling is to rearrange the containers in the container yard to the advantageous position to shorten the working time using the spare time of the automated yard crane. This study assumed the automated container terminal with a perpendicular layout and deals with the inter-bay re-marshalling planning problem in a yard block. The inter-bay re-marshalling plan determines the container to be moved, the location to be relocated, and the sequence of relocation operations. This study presents a mixed integer programming model that simultaneously determines the storage location and the operation sequence while satisfying the spatial availability during the re-marshalling. Numerical experiments are conducted to understand re-marshalling operation using a beam search method.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.1
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• pp.317-323
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• 2006

The objective of this study is to test and modify the gantry travel mechanism of an ALV(automated lifting vehicle) as a main technology of development of ALV. For the purpose of the improvement of container terminal productivity, this study performed to develop the ALV as a part of R&D. In order to verify the design data and detect the errors of detailed drawings, we performed the various limited weight test under load and unload conditions. Through the reflect of final drawing based on the this test, we could use to produce the more complete vehicle.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.215-216
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• 2009

By growing the capacity of container in the world, main container terminal in countries introduces the automated container equipments and try to improve the productivity for handling the container. ARMC(Automated Rail Mounted Crane) is installed in automated container terminal and expected the high efficiency of productivity by using minimum-time control method. However recently by the GREEN Port policy, high energy efficiency method for container equipments is importance issue in ports. In this paper, the 3-dimensional modelling of AMRC is discussed and the acceleration characteristics for ARMC is analyzed By using the results of this paper, the advanced controller for the crane will be developed in future.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.281-286
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• 2004

It's important to operate the yard for improving to the productivity in container terminal effectively. Because the automated container terminal(ACT) has storage yard of automation and horizon, it's character is different from conventional terminal. As the automation yard in ACT is operated by the automated equipments, it needs to an efficient storage plan which is connected the automated equipment, the external truck, the shipment etc.. Hut the traditional method of storage plan is the space assignment problem. The efficiency of yard decreases and it is brought about increase of shipment time, because real-time automated equipments and present yard status is not reflected in. In order to solve this problems, we propose the algorithm for real-time storage location of container considering shipment plan, yard status and the state of ATC.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.97-114
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• 2008

This research is focused on the organizations related to development and operation of automated container terminal to find the core factors to prepare for the changes in maritime logistics circumstances and to secure superiority in the middle of fierce competition. Through an analysis of the status of development and operation of internal and external automated container terminals, it is concluded that public organizations, companies, research centers/schools, and private organizations influence on the development and operation of automated container terminals. The specific role of each organization is also concluded in this study. Based on the findings above, a survey of experts in the organizations of container terminals in Korea has been carried out using AHP method. Through this survey, the order of importance of the related organizations was found to be public organizations, research centers/schools, companies, and private organizations. This research can be referred to make a master plan for the development and operation of automated container terminal in Korea.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2011.06a
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• pp.218-219
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• 2011

This paper focuses on dispatching strategy for AGVs(Automated Guided Vehicle). The goal of AGV dispatching problem is allocating jobs to AGVs to minimizing QC delay and AGV total travel distance. Due to the highly dynamic nature of container terminal environment, the effect of dispatching is hard to predict thus it leads to frequent modification of dispatching results. Given this situation, single rule-based approach is widely used due to its simplicity and small computational cost. However, single rule-based approach has a limitation that cannot guarantee a satisfactory performance for the various performance measures. In this paper, dispatching strategy based on multicriteria heuristics is proposed. Proposed strategy consists of multiple decision criteria. A muti-objective evolutionary algorithm is applied to optimize weights of those criteria. The result of simulation experiment shows that the proposed approach outperforms single rule-based dispatching approaches.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.501-507
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• 2011

This paper focuses on dispatching strategy for AGVs(Automated Guided Vehicle). The goal of AGV dispatching is assigning AGVs to requested job to minimizing the delay of QCs and the travel distance of AGVs. Due to the high dynamic nature of container terminal environment, the effect of dispatching is hard to predict thus it leads to frequent modification of dispatching decisions. In this situation, approaches based on a single rule are widely used due to its simplicity and small computational cost. However, these approaches have a limitation that cannot guarantee a satisfactory performance for the various performance measures. In this paper, dispatching strategy based on multicriteria heuristics is proposed. The Proposed strategy consists of multiple decision criteria. A multi-objective evolutionary algorithm is applied to optimize weights of those criteria. The result of simulation experiment shows that the proposed approach outperforms single rule-based dispatching approaches.