• 대한약침학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.123-129
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• 2004

Nowadays Asthma is considered to be an inflamatory disease characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness and pulmonary eosinophilia. Hominis Placenta is the dried placenta of a healthy women. It has correspondence to the meridians of lung and kindey. Hominis Placenta acupuncture therapy has effect on invigoration of vital energy nourishing blood and tonifying the essence. It can be applied to the disease as Asthma, pulmonary tuberculosis, chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, degenerative change and cerebrovascular disease. We treated two patients of Asthma with CVA by Homins Placenta Aqua-Acupuncture. The effect of Homins Placenta Aqua-Acupuncture was assessed by analyzing the pulmonary function test(PFT) and Quality of Life Questionnaire for adult Korean Asthmatics(QLQAKA) in patients before and after treatment. Total score was increased. The patients are satisfied our treatment. But further research concerning this is still necessary.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.63-67
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• 2009

Background and Objectives: In patients with asthma, increased obstruction and resistance of airway result in impairment in the generation of voice. Allergy and nasal polyposis, which are frequently observed in patients with asthma, are other factors that affect the vocal performance. Bronchodilators and steroids are commonly used in the treatment of asthma, and these agents also have been reported to be associated with voice changes. The aim of this study is to evaluate the voice quality in patients with mild to-moderate asthma by subjective and objective methods. Materials and Methods: A total of 36 patients with asthma established in the Department of Respiratory Medicine were included in this study. 23 were women and 13 were men, with a mean age of 51.7 years. The average duration of asthma was 77.0 months. All patients had mild-to moderate asthma. Acoustic and aerodynamic analyses were performed and the movements of the vocal cords were examined by videolaryngostroboscopy (VLS). Voice Handicap Index (VHI) and GRABS scales were used for subjective evaluations. Results: 50% of patients suffered from dysphonia and FO was 119.3${\pm}$23.7 Hz in male and 198.2${\pm}$18.4 Hz in female patients. There were no significant differences in average shimmer and NHR between females (4.90${\pm}$2.95% ; 0.1O${\pm}$0.04 dB) and males (4.64${\pm}$2.45% ; 0.20${\pm}$0.15 dB). However, the value of jitter was greater for females (2.60${\pm}$1.92%) than for males (1.21${\pm}$0.84%). The VHI score was above the normal limit in 35%, and VLS findings were shown diverse abnormality in 89% asthmatics from mucosal change to hyperfunction of supragottis and contact granuloma. But duration of illness and steroid dose did not correlate with these findings. Conclusion: Subjective and objective abnormality was shown in more than 50% of asthmatic patients. We suggest that persons who suffer from asthma should be examined for possible voice disorders by laryngologist. Additionally, appropriate medical care and voice therapy should be provided for those who have voice disorders associated with asthma.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제80권2호
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• pp.169-178
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• 2017

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of our new video-assisted asthma education program on patients' knowledge regarding asthma and asthma control. Methods: Adult asthmatics who were diagnosed by primary care physicians and followed for at least 1 year were educated via smart devices and pamphlets. The education sessions were carried out three times at 2-week intervals. Each education period lasted at most 5 minutes. The effectiveness was then evaluated using questionnaires and an asthma control test (ACT). Results: The study enrolled 144 patients (mean age, $56.7{\pm}16.7years$). Half of the patients had not been taught how to use their inhalers. After participating in the education program, the participants' understanding of asthma improved significantly across all six items of a questionnaire assessing their general knowledge of asthma. The proportion of patients who made errors while manipulating their inhalers was reduced to less than 10%. The ACT score increased from $16.6{\pm}4.6$ to $20.0{\pm}3.9$ (p<0.001). The number of asthmatics whose ACT score was at least 20 increased from 45 (33.3%) to 93 (65.3%) (p<0.001). The magnitude of improvement in the ACT score did not differ between patients who received an education session at least three times within 1 year and those who had not. The majority of patients agreed to the need for an education program (95.8%) and showed a willingness to pay an additional cost for the education (81.9%). Conclusion: This study indicated that our newly developed education program would become an effective component of asthma management in primary care clinics.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.815-821
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• 1997

연구배경 : ${\beta}_2$-수용체에 매우 선택성을 가지고 있는 salmeterol은 작용시간이 길고 부작용이 적어 최근 기관지 천식의 치료에 많이 사용되며 특히 야간성 발작이 있는 환자에서 좋은 효과가 있다고 보고되고 있다. 이에 저자는 경증 또는 중증도의 가역성이 있는 천식 환자에서 salmeterol과 salbutamol을 흡입 투여 하였을 때의 효과와 안정성을 비교 평가하고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 : 대상환자 35명을 무작위추출 개방시험 방법으로 salmeterol 투여군과 salbutamol 투여군으로 나누어 시행하였다. 모든 대상환자들은 2주간의 치료 준비동안, 필요한 경우 salbutamol 100g씩 2회를 흡입하는 경우를 제외하고는 어떤 기관지 천식 약제를 금지시켰으며 그 후 6주간의 치료기간을 설정하여 salmeterol 군에서는 salmeterol 50g을 1일 2회, 기상직후와 취침직전에 흡입하도록 하였고, salbutamol군에서는 salbutamol 200g을 1일 4회, 기상직후 부터 4시간 간격으로 흡입하도록 하였다. 그후 2주동안은 규칙적인 흡입제를 중단하고 증상에 따라 salbutamol을 임식적으로 사용하였다. 결 과 : 주간 및 야간 천식 증상 평가에 있어서 salmeterol 치료군이 salbutamol 치료군에 비해 유의 있는 호전이 있었다(p<0.05). 추가 salbutamol 사용횟수나 사용날짜는 주간이나 야간에서 salmeterol 치료군에서 사용횟수 및 사용 날짜를 줄일 수 있었다(p<0.05). 폐기능검사에 있어서 $FEV_1$의 증가율은 2-4주간의 흡입 후에 salmeterol군에서 유의하게 높게 나타났다. Salmererol에 대한 부작용은 일부환자에서 경미한 손떨림이나 두근거림이 있었지만 salbutamol 군과는 차이가 없었으며 치료를 중단한 환자는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 실험 결과로 흡입용 salmeterol은 부작용이 비교적 적고 안전하며 효과적임을 알 수 있고, 특히 야간성 발작성 천식에 매우 효과적인 기관지 확장제로 생각된다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.389-406
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• 2018

Purpose: This review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of telemonitoring (TM) in the management of children and adolescents with asthma. Methods: We searched Ovid-MEDLINE, Ovid-EMBASE, CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials), CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), and 5 domestic databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published through December 2017. Two reviewers independently selected relevant studies, assessed methodological quality and extracted data. We performed a meta-analysis of TM versus usual care and summarized the intervention characteristics of included studies. Results: Of the 3,095 articles identified, 8 RCTs (9 articles) were included in this review. The type of TM intervention of included studies was varying across studies (transmitted data, transmission frequency, data review, etc.). The pooled asthma control score was not significantly different between TM and usual care (standardized mean difference 0.04, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.20~0.28). Another pooled analysis demonstrated no statistically significant difference in asthma exacerbation between TM and usual care (odds ratio 0.95, 95% CI 0.43~2.09). Overall, the pooled results from these studies revealed that TM did not lead to clinically significant improvements in health outcomes, but some studies in our analysis suggested that TM increased patient medication adherence and intervention adherence. Conclusion: The current evidence base does not demonstrate any differences between TM intervention and usual care, but TM intervention might be considered a promising strategy for the delivery of self-management support for children and adolescents with asthma. Further well-designed studies are needed to assess the effects on clinical outcomes.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.456-477
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• 2024

Background: Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) both require long-term management, and patients with asthma-COPD overlap (ACO) need comprehensive and prolonged care beyond pharmacotherapy. However, due to limited research on ACO, treatment strategies and long-term outcomes remain unclear. This highlights the need for further multidisciplinary research to improve ACO treatment and prognosis. Case Presentation: This case report describes a patient who presented with symptoms of cough, sputum, wheezing, dyspnea, and oral dryness. The patient was diagnosed with ACO and received a combination of Korean medicine treatments alongside standard asthma medication for 15 days. Standardized tools were used to evaluate symptoms and quality of life, respectively. After treatment, Medical Research Council scale, Leicester cough questionnaire Korean-Version and Numerical Rating Score demonstrated clinically meaningful improvement, and Total IgE and Eosinophils were slightly decreased. Conclusion: This case suggests Korean medicine treatments might be effective in managing symptoms in patients with ACO and enhancing quality of life.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제81권1호
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• pp.73-79
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• 2018

Background: Osteoporosis is a common disease that occurs comorbidly in patients with chronic inflammatory airway diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and asthma-COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS). However, the prevalence of osteoporosis in patients with ACOS has not widely been evaluated. Therefore, we investigated the prevalence of osteoporosis and its relationship with the clinical parameters of patients with asthma, COPD, and ACOS. Methods: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional study. Bone mineral density (BMD), lung function tests, and disease status evaluations were conducted. Results: A total of 321 patients were enrolled: 138 with asthma, 46 with ACOS, and 137 with COPD. One hundred and ninety-three patients (60.1%) were diagnosed with osteoporosis (53.6% of asthma, 65.2% of ACOS, and 65.0% of COPD). Patients with ACOS showed a significantly lower BMD and T-score than did those with asthma. In addition to age, sex, and body mass index (BMI), which were previously reported to be associated with BMD, BMD also had a negative correlation with the diagnosis of ACOS, as compared to a diagnosis of asthma, after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, smoking, and inhaled corticosteroid use (p=0.001). Among those patients with COPD and ACOS, BMD was negatively associated with the COPD Assessment Test (CAT) after adjustment (p<0.001). Inhaled corticosteroid was not associated with the prevalence of osteoporosis and BMD. Conclusion: Patients with ACOS, particularly aged and lean women, should be more carefully monitored for osteoporosis as compared to patients with asthma.

• Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.675-685
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• 2018

Purpose: This study aims to determine the efficacy and safety of house dust mite (HDM)-sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) in elderly patients with AR. Methods: A total of 45 patients aged ${\geq}60years$ with HDM-induced AR who had ${\geq}3$ A/H ratio on skin prick test and/or ${\geq}0.35IU/L$ to both Dermatophagoides farinae and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus by ImmunoCAP were enrolled in 4 university hospitals. To evaluate additional effects of HDM-SLIT, they were randomized to the SLIT-treated group (n = 30) or control group (n = 15). Rhinoconjunctivitis total symptom score (RTSS), rhinoscopy score, Korean rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire, rhinitis control assessment test, asthma control test scores, and adverse reactions, were assessed at the first visit (V1) and after 1 year of treatment (V5); for immunological evaluation, serum levels of HDM-specific immunoglobulin A/IgE/IgG1/IgG4 antibodies and basophil response to HDMs were compared between V1 and V5 in both groups. Results: There were no significant differences in demographics, RTSS, skin reactivity to HDMs, or serum total/specific IgE levels to HDMs (P > 0.05, respectively) between the 2 groups. Nasal symptom score and RTSS decreased significantly at year 1 in the 2 groups (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in percent decrease in nasal symptom score and RTSS at year 1 between the 2 groups (P > 0.05); however, rhinoscopic nasal symptom score decreased significantly in the SLIT-treated group (P < 0.05). Immunological studies showed that serum specific IgA levels (not specific IgE/IgG) and CD203c expression on basophils decreased significantly at V5 in the SLIT-treated group (P = 0.011 and P = 0.001, respectively), not in the control group. The control group required more medications compared to the treatment group, but there were no differences in adverse reactions. Conclusions: It is suggested that HDM-SLIT for 1 year could induce symptom improvement and may induce immunomodulation in elderly rhinitis patients.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제29권
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• pp.17.1-17.6
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• 2014

Objectives Antimicrobial chemicals are used in a variety of household and personal care products. Exposure to antimicrobial household products has been hypothesized to lead to allergic diseases in children. Methods We investigated antimicrobial household product exposure and allergic symptoms in Korean children. An antimicrobial exposure (AE) score was derived. To examine the symptoms of allergic diseases (current wheeze, current rhinitis, and current eczema) in the past 12 months, we used a questionnaire based on the core module of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Children. Complete data for the analysis were available for 25,805 of the 35,590 (72.5%) children. Results The prevalence of current allergic diseases was as follows: wheeze, 5.6%; allergic rhinitis, 32.6%; and eczema, 17.7%. The mean (standard deviation) AE score was 14.3 (9.3) (range: 0-40). Compared with subjects with a low AE score (reference), subjects with a high AE score (fourth quartile) were more likely to have symptoms of wheezing and allergic rhinitis (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] for wheezing 1.24, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-1.45, p for trend=0.24; aOR for allergic rhinitis 1.30, 95% CI, 1.20-1.40, p <0.01). Conclusions These findings suggest that frequent use of antimicrobial household products was associated with current wheeze and current allergic rhinitis.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.284-291
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• 2007

목 적 : 테오필린은 천식의 치료제로서 부작용을 개선하기 위하여 서방형 제제가 개발 되었고 캡슐 제형과 더불어 유소아에 대한 임상적용의 편의를 위한 건조시럽 제형이 개발 되어 사용되고 있다. 저자들은 두 가지 테오필린 제형들의 효과를 비교하기 위하여 경증의 천식 환자들에게 테오필린 캡슐 제형과 건조시럽 제형을 저용량으로 투여한 후 제형에 따른 효능을 비교 분석하였다. 방 법 : 2005년 10월 1일부터 2006년 3월 31일까지 가톨릭대학교 의정부성모병원, 경희대학교 경희의료원, 인하대학교 병원, 순천향대학교 병원, 한림대학교 강동성심병원 등의 국내 5개 대학병원 소아 알레르기클리닉에 내원하여 경증 천식으로 진단받은 2-6세 사이 환자 90명을 대상으로 12주 동안 서방형 테오필린을 건조시럽 제형 투여군(n=44)과 캡슐 제형 투여군(n=46)으로 나누어 1일 2회, 4 mg/kg/회의 용량으로 경구 투여하였다. 연구자가 임상 시험 시작(0주)과 매 4주째마다 주간 및 야간 천식 증상 개선도를 평가 하였으며, 매 4주째마다 복약 순응도, 약물 복용감, 그리고 종합적인 평가로서 약제의 유용도를 평가하였다. 이중 약제의 유용도는 환자 보호자에게도 스스로 평가할 수 있게 하였다. 4주와 12주째 혈액내 테오필린 농도와 0주와 12주째 혈액내 ECP농도를 측정하였다. 결 과 : 두 군 모두에서 4주와 12주의 혈액내 테오필린 평균 농도는 $5-10{\mu}g/mL$의 치료 농도를 보였으며 4주째부터 임상시험 시작에 비해 천식 증상의 유의한 호전을 보였다. 두 군간 비교에서는 건조시럽 투여군이 캡슐 투여군보다 주간 천식 증상 점수는 4주째부터 야간 천식 증상 점수는 8주째부터 유의하게 낮은 결과를 보였다. 연구자에 의한 약제의 유용도 평가에 있어서도 건조시럽 투여군이 캡슐 투여군보다 유의하게 높은 결과를 보였으며 평가에 있어서 주관성이 강한 환자 보호자에 의한 평가는 연구자에 의한 평가 보다 4주 먼저 건조시럽 투여군이 캡슐 투여군 보다 유의하게 높게 나타났다. 건조시럽 투여군이 캡슐 투여군 보다 약물 복용감과 복약 순응도가 유의하게 높게 나타났으며 호산구에 의한 기도 염증반응 정도를 반영하는 혈액내 ECP농도는 건조시럽 투여군에서만 12주 동안 테오필린 투약 후가 투약전보다 유의하게 감소하였다. 결 론 : 저용량의 서방형 테오필린은 항염증 작용이 있는 안전하고 유용한 천식 치료제로 생각되며 건조 시럽 제형은 캡슐 제형에 비해 장기간 복약 순응도가 높아서 특히 유소아 천식환자들의 임상적용에 많은 장점이 있는 것으로 사료된다.