• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Medical Physics Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.153-156
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• 2004

Korea Food and Drug Administration(KFDA) has peformed the calibration of therapy level dosimeters for Co-60 radiation since 1979. The reference standard ionization chamber has been calibrated at BIPM in France. The uncertainty on the KFDA calibration coefficients is 0.9 %(k=2) for air kerma and absorbed dose to water. Since 1999 a national quality audit program for ensuring dosimetry accuracy in Korea radiotherapy centers has been performed by the KFDA. The uncertainty associated with the determination of the absorbed dose to water from the TLD readings for high energy x-ray is 1.6 %(k=1). The correction factors for energy, non-linearity dose response, and TLD holder are used in the dose determination. Agreement between the user stated dose and KFDA measured dose within ${\pm}$ 5 % is considered acceptable. KFDA TLD postal dose quality audit program was peformed for 71 beam qualities of 53 domestic radiotherapy centers in 2003. The results for quality assurance showed that 63 out of 71 beam qualifies (89 %) satisfied the acceptance limit. The second audit was carried out for the centers outside the limit and ail of them have been corrected.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.360-374
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• 2017

This study investigates the effects of trust and distrust on intention to purchase in open markets, based on the ideas derived from previous studies such as coexistence of trust and distrust, and two distinct trustees in open markets-intermediary and sellers. Specifically, this study i) proposes a trust-distrust model of intermediary and sellers, ii) explores the transfer of trust and distrust from intermediary to sellers, and iii) discovers the antecedents of trust and distrust. The empirical validation using Partial Least Squares shows three results as follows. First, trust in intermediary positively affects intention to purchase through the mediated impact of trust in sellers. That is, trust in intermediary transfers to trust in sellers. Second, distrust in intermediary negatively affects intention to purchase through the mediated impact of customers' perceived risk. Third, structural assurance and perceived website quality positively affect trust in intermediary. The results of this research have implications for intermediary firms not only to build trust but also to manage distrust level. However, this study could not identify any antecedent of distrust, so further research for these antecedents will be needed in the future.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.205-215
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• 2008

SITES(Site Information and Total Environmental Data Management System) has been developed for the purpose of systematically managing site characteristics and environmental data produced during the pre-operational, operational, and post-closure phases of a radioactive waste disposal facility. SITES is an integration system, which consists of 4 modules, to be available for maintenance of site characteristics data, for safety assessment, and for site/environment monitoring; site environmental data management module(SECURE), integrated safety assessment module(SAINT), site/environment monitoring module(SUDAL) and geological information module for geological data management(SITES-GIS). Each module has its database with the functions of browsing, storing, and reporting data and information. Data from SECURE and SUDAL are interconnected to be utilized as inputs to SAINT. SAINT has the functions that multi-user can access simultaneously via client-server system, and the safety assessment results can be managed with its embedded Quality Assurance feature. Comparison between assessment results and environmental monitoring data can be made and visualized in SUDAL and SITES-GIS. Also, SUDAL is designed that the periodic monitoring data and information could be opened to the public via internet homepage. SITES has applied to the Wolsong low- and intermediate-level radioactive waste disposal center in Korea, and is expected to enhance the function of site/environment monitoring in other nuclear-related facilities and also in industrial facilities handling hazardous materials.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.381-387
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• 2014

Food irradiation is one of the successful modern techniques used to preserve food. However, it needs very careful control. Detection of irradiated food is of prime importance to facilitate global trade and consumer assurance, choice, and protection. This study was performed to evaluate the radiation-induced hydrocarbon content of dried squid and octopus by e-beam irradiation. The samples were collected from supermarkets all over South Korea and irradiated with an e-beam at 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 kGy doses. Lipids were extracted with soxhelt, and the hydrocarbons induced with irradiation were separated via solid phase extraction (SPE) and identified via gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The major induced hydrocarbons in the irradiated dried squid and octopus were 1-tetradecene and pentadecane derived from palmitic acid and 1-hexadecene and heptadecane from stearic acid. The concentration of hydrocarbons differed from the composition of the fatty acid at the same radiation and increased according to the level of the radiation dose. The hydrocarbons induced by e-beam irradiation, including 1-tetradecene, 1-hexadecene, and heptadecane, were confirmed to have been the irradiation marker compounds. Therefore, they can be used to distinguish the e-beam-irradiated dried squid and octopus from the non-irradiated ones.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.110-118
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• 2016

Construction projects are getting more complex and larger-sized with a high economic growth rate and development of new construction technologies. In addition, interests and demands on standards of construction quality are further increasing. This trend requires more systematic and a higher level of construction quality management. While the government has strengthened the regulations for quality assurance, many quality problems have repeatedly occurred mainly due to lack of recognition for quality management and quality control systems. To address this issue, this paper aims to suggest quality management improvement scheme through analyzing 3,443 nonconforming items identified during inspection of 393 construction sites from March 2012 to October 2014. The quality management improvement scheme suggested in this research is expected to prevent quality problems and defects and thus improve construction performances.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.52-58
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• 2016

Recently, interest in structural stability has increased due to earthquakes. Isolation systems can improve seismic ability without harming the functions and appearance of existing and new constructions, and they have established efficiency in foreign country that have experienced earthquakes. In this study, an isolation system is suggested using a natural rubber bearing (NRB) on a stainless water tank for stability assurance in an earthquake. A shaking table test was carried out to evaluate the seismic capacity of a non-isolated water tank and an isolated tank. Displacement meters in the water tank measured the behavior characteristics of the tanks, which were compared using artificial seismic waves of 0.154 g, 0.231 g, 0.341 g, and 0.348 g with water levels of 0.0 m, 1.5 m, and 2.5 m. At 2.5 m, a decrement effect was generally shown in the isolated water tank, and a bigger displacement occurred in the non-isolated water tank than in the isolated one at water levels of 0.0 m and 1.5 m. It is interpreted that the weight of different water levels affects the decrement effect. If seismic reinforcement is done, the isolated bearing should be designed while considering the fluid storage level.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.2
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• pp.5-18
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• 1995

While the socioeonomic status of Koreas has been dramatically increasing in recent years, chronic and geriatric diseases have also been on the rise, bringing about many changes in our health care system. The basic goals of the home health care are to reduce health care costs, to increase the attrition rate in general hospitals, and to care for patients effectively and conveniontly at home. The purpose of this paper is to review and examine the current status of the home health care in Korea throughout the reports, surveys, other informations and education system of home health nurse. We identified the various types of home health care services programs, such as hospital-based home health care operated in public sector(demonstration project) and community-based home health care in health centers or in private sector, that is, Korean Nurse Association. Hospital based home heatlh care model was established as an alternative to traditional in-patiet services. Quality assurance and client satisfaction is an important measure of care received and establishment of payment and reimbursement for home health care services is important in promotng the home health care. We found out a fee-per-visit system composed of three kinds of fees : a basic service fee(16,000 Won), a travel fee(5,000 Won), and per-service fees (variables). Like fees paid for in-patient care, insureds pay 20% and insurers pay 80% of the basic and per-service fee. The travel fee is borne totally by the insured. Home health care continues to be viewed as not only the most preferred way to provide care to clients, but also the most cost effective. Home health care is that component of a continuum of comprehensive health care whereby health services are provided to individuals and families in their places of residence for the purpose of promoting, maintaining, or restoring health, or of maximizing the level of independence, while minimizing illness. Services appropriate to the needs of the individual patient and family should be planned and provided, nursing is to be a force for positive change and enhanced the nursing professionalism. Whatever type of involvement of home health care, it is essential to remember that home health care is highly service-oriented and highly touch health car deilvery system.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.31-53
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• 2006

The objective of this study is to examine the effectiveness of the strategy of hospital specialization by analyzing the differences in expected and perceived services, perceived service quality, satisfaction, and intentions to revisit and recommend the hospital to others between general and specialty hospitals. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaire from patients admitted to four study hospitals: two speciality and two general hospitals. The questionnaire was developed based on SERVQUAL to measure five dimensions of service quality. Four hundreds questionnaires were distributed to inpatients or their guardians and 282 returned questionnaires were used in the analyses. The significance of the differences in study variables between specialty and general hospitals were tested by t-test and $x^2$-test. The factor analysis result confirmed the construct validity of 28 questions asked to measure service quality and resulted in four dimensions of service quality: reliability, assurance, tangible and empathy/responsiveness. Cronbach's Alpha ranged from .9013 to .9358, that confirmed the internal consistency of answers. The study results indicated that patients who used specialty hospitals had higher levels of expected and perceived service, a higher level of perceived service quality, and higher levels of service satisfaction than patients who used general hospitals. Percents of patients who had the intention to revisit the hospital and to recommend the hospital to others were higher among patients in specialty hospitals. The most frequent reason to choose the hospital was the excellence of doctors in both general(29.9%) and specialty(43.8%) hospitals, that was followed by convenient transportation(15.3%) and someone know works at the hospital(15.3%) in general hospitals and other's recommendation(14.6%), and nice amenities(13.1%) in specialty hospitals. Although there were no significant differences in clinical department, age, and sex of patients between general and specialty hospitals, patients who visited speciality hospitals had higher levels of education and income than their counter part in general hospitals. These results suggested that specialty hospitals performed better than general hospitals. Specialization could be a viable strategy to tide over recent financial difficulties experienced by hospitals, particularly small- and medium-sized hospitals.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.28-34
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• 2011

Most clinicians understand clinical trials as the evaluation process for new medicine before their use. However, clinical trials can also be applied to laboratory diagnostic tests (LDTs) to verify diagnostic accuracy and efficacy before their clinical laboratory implementation for patients. The clinical trial of LDT has two distinctive characteristics that are different from the case of pharmaceuticals and thus worth special consideration. One of them is the level of evidence. The well-designed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are known to provide the best evidence to prove the clinical efficacy of any pharmaceutical products. However, RCTs lose practicality when applied to LDTs due to various issues including ethical complications. For this reason, comparative study format is considered more feasible approach for LDTs. In addition pharmaceuticals and LDTs are different in that the user's intervention is not required for the former but critical to the latter. Moreover, in the case of pharmaceuticals, end-products are produced by manufacturers before being used by clinicians. However, in LDTs, once reagents and instruments are provided by manufacturers, they are first utilized by clinical laboratories to produce test results in order for clinicians to use them later. In other words, when it comes to LDTs, clinical laboratories play the role of manufacturers, providing reliable test results with improved quality assurance. Considering the distinctive characteristics of LDTs, we would like to offer detailed suggestions to successfully perform clinical trials in LDTs, which include analytical performance measures, clinical test performance measures, diagnostic test accuracy measures, clinical effectiveness measures, and post-implementation surveillance.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.415-422
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• 2017

In a situation where there is excessive competition among logistics centers due to the low price of logistics centers for attracting freight volume, the conditions provided by the logistics centers are similar. Therefore, in order to determine the logistics center, we want to find out what kind of differentiated service the shippers desire, as well as what level of service they want in addition to al ow price. There are currently no studies about the service quality of logistics centers. The components of the service quality of the logistics center were extracted by applying them to the logistics center based on the existing service quality theory. Factor analysis revealed five dimensions of service quality: tangibility, reliability, empathy, assurance, and know-how. It was found that service quality had a statistically significant influence on customer satisfaction, from the investigation of the causal effect relationship. In addition, 'Know-How' among these factors has more influence on customer satisfaction, so it is important to accumulate differentiated 'Know-How' only in logistics centers.