• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.794-805
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• 2017

Purpose: Interface pressure is a factor that contributes to the occurrence of pressure injuries. This study aimed to investigate interface pressure at common sites of pressure injury (occipital, gluteal and peritrochanteric areas), to explore the relationships among risk factors, skin condition and interface pressure, and to identify risk factors influencing interface pressure. Methods: A total of 100 patients admitted to the intensive care unit were enrolled at a tertiary teaching hospital in Korea. Interface pressure was recorded by a scanning aid device (PalmQ). Patient data regarding age, pulmonary disease, Braden Scale score, body mass index, serum albumin, hemoglobin, mean blood pressure, body temperature, and oxygen saturation were included as risk factors. Data collected from July to September 2016 were analyzed using binary logistic regression. Results: The mean interface pressure of the occipital, gluteal, and right and left peritrochanteric areas were 37.96 (${\pm}14.90$), 41.15 (${\pm}16.04$), 53.44(${\pm}24.67$), and 54.33 (${\pm}22.80$) mmHg, respectively. Predictive factors for pressure injuries in the occipital area were age ${\geq}70$ years (OR 3.45, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.19~9.98), serum albumin deficit (OR 2.88, 95% CI: 1.00~8.26) and body temperature ${\geq}36.5^{\circ}C$ (OR 3.12, 95% CI: 1.17~8.17); age ${\geq}70$ years (OR 2.81, 95% CI: 1.10~7.15) in the right peritrochanteric area; and body temperature ${\geq}36.5^{\circ}C$ (OR 2.86, 95% CI: 1.17~6.98) in the left peritrochanteric area. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that old age, hypoalbuminemia, and high body temperature may be contributory factors to increasing interface pressure; therefore, careful assessment and nursing care of these patients are needed to prevent pressure injury. Further studies are needed to establish cutoff values of interface pressure for patients with pressure ulcers.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.470-478
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• 2011

Aster altaicus var. uchiyamae is on the list of endangered species in Korea. Using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers, we investigated the genetic diversity within and among four populations (Guram, Dori Island, Samhap, and Danyang) of A. altaicus var. uchiyamae. We also present the collecting strategies that most efficiently capture the genetic diversity of A. altaicus var. uchiyamae. Four AFLP primer combinations produced a total of 936 bands, of which 934 (99.8%) were polymorphic. A high level of genetic diversity (PPB = 45.3%, h = 0.104, I = 0.168, hs = 0.108) was recognized within the populations of A. altaicus var. uchiyamae. A low degree of genetic differentiation ($G_{ST}$ = 0.075, ${\theta}^B$ = 0.079) was detected among the populations. In addition, analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that genetic variation was greater within populations (91%) than among populations (9%). These results indicate that the high rate of gene flow has played an important role in forming the present populations of A. altaicus var. uchiyamae. According to maximization strategy, 17, 16, and 11 individuals captured all of the genetic variation in Dori Island, Samhap, and Guram population, respectively. The determination the minimum population size of A. altaicus var. uchiyamae in terms of the genetic information is critical and thereby gain reliable decision support for ex situ conservation of the endangered species, A. altaicus var. uchiyamae.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.223-246
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• 2012

Korean Ministry of Education Science, and Technology(MEST) has recommended the introduction of mathematics textbooks based on storytelling to improve the teaching and learning of mathematics in school. As part of the mathematics textbooks based on storytelling development, this research has investigated school mathematics teachers' perspectives on mathematics textbooks based on storytelling in order to identify implications for the development and the implementation of it. For the purpose, we have developed survey questionnaire and administered it to 113 high school mathematics teachers. The survey asked the teachers to address their conception of mathematics textbooks based on storytelling, its contribution to school mathematics, challenges and obstacles for the implementation. The survey shows that the mathematics teachers' conception of mathematics textbooks based on storytelling was not clear or limited. Most of them replied that they received information about mathematics textbooks based on storytelling from the materials provided by workshop or materials of school district office. While the teachers heard about that school will implement mathematics textbooks based on storytelling, they rarely had idea of how to use them in class. In the survey, the teachers identified which type of storytelling is effective for which purpose of mathematics education. They also identified the positive effect and the difficulties in the implementation of mathematics textbooks based on storytelling. The mathematics teachers pointed out that textbook is not enough. They urged that the implementation of mathematics textbooks based on storytelling should be integrated into classroom teaching and assessment to make a significant change in the educational practice of mathematics in school. Thus, mathematics teachers need support to implement mathematics textbooks based on storytelling into their teaching practice. Teacher workshop and teacher manuals need to be developed to help teachers understand educational visions and values of mathematics textbooks based on storytelling. These results of the survey would form the worthwhile base information for the development and the implementation of mathematics textbooks based on storytelling.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.129-138
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the current status of evidence-based research, education, and practice, and to suggest a directions for the future development of evidence-based nursing. Methods: To examine the current status of evidence-based nursing research, experimental research among studies published in the Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing from 2008 to 2010 were analyzed. We suggested a direction for the future development of evidence-based research based on the analysis and literature reviews. We also suggested a direction for the future development of evidence-based education and practice based on literature reviews. Results: The results showed that designs and methods of studies were insufficient to use evidences derived from the studies in terms of evidence-based research, and experimental studies consistent with themes were found to be deficient. In the future, the methods and rationale for the design of experimental studies need to be clearer In addition, a test for intervention effects through repetitive studies and a connection between the intervention effects and a protocol for clinical practice will be required. In terms of evidence-based education, curriculum revision and development of teaching methods including contents related to evidence-based practice and research methodology in undergraduate and graduate programs will be required. Evidence-based practice in Korea was less actively done than with that of foreign countries. Some large hospitals have recently attempted systemic activities to promote evidence-based nursing practice in clinical settings. To activate evidence-based practice, the perception of nurses for evidence-based practice needs to be changed and support for education and administration of the program is required. Also, evidence-based practice guidelines, protocols, and assessment tools need to be developed. Conclusion: Evidence-based nursing in Korea is in the process of evolving. To realize evidence-based nursing, we need to develop nursing science based on evidences of closer communication and cooperation in terms of nursing research, education, and practice.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.117-126
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• 2010

As one of the key IT applications, the project management information system (PMIS) has played a significant role in construction management processes. This is because PMIS is an information system that gathers, integrates, and disseminates the output of project management processes among project participants, and is used to support all aspects of a project, from initiation through closing. This paper aims to identify the CSFs(Critical Success Factor) of Project Management and quality associated with Project Management Information System (PMIS) in construction projects, to analyze the Effect of PMIS quality on Project Management Success. The CSFs of Project Management and the quality components for PMIS are identified through a review of the literature, and consolidated through interviews with professionals in the construction industry. A questionnaire instrument was sent out to experienced users (Construction Manager and Constructor), and 253 completed questionnaires were retrieved. To increase the applicability of the results, the respondents consisted of workers spread across various parts of the construction site. Using SPSS 12.0, the data was used to analyze the relationship between PMIS Quality and Project Management Success through multiple regression analysis. These findings help to clarify what the highly prioritized factors are, and could also be used as an assessment tool to evaluate the performance of PMIS and thus help to identify areas for improvement.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.23-30
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• 2014

Overseas construction orders of domestic companies had been increased significantly in a short period from $10.9 billion in 2005 to $64.9 billion in 2012. However experts are concerned that quality of growth will not support quantitative growth. This study suggest concentrate competencies for not only winning in bid but also successful execution of domestic companies. 4 Steps which are Pre-Marketing, Bid-Preparation, Bidding, Contract Phase are defined for competency assessment. After drawing specific tasks by phase, survey asking importance and capability of the tasks to the person in charge of bidding and site was conducted by utilizing Likert 7 point scale. According to the result of IPA analysis, domestic construction companies need to ensure internal competencies; Project risk review, Bid team organization, and external competencies; Client needs grasp, Localization strategy, Cooperation establishment. Hearafter domestic construction companies will be able to utilize the result of the study for setting bidding strategy for winning in bid and improving earning rate.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.96-107
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• 2015

Brownfield sites are beginning to be considered as potentially useful areas for landscape design and planning, with post-industrial areas such as water treatment facilities and military training bases being converted into useful landscapes such as parks and recreation areas. These redevelopments bring broad benefits through revitalizing communities and increasing property values, thus, increasing the demand for comprehensive management and planning policies. This study examines changes in U.S. brownfield policies and programs and, identifies their periodic characteristics over the thirty years since the Superfund program was introduced in 1980. A descriptive and interpretive approach was utilized, focusing specifically on a time sequential analysis of the data gathered from the overview of the Environmental Protection Agency's web-based documents and related literature. The primary changes in and characteristics of programs and policies were analyzed and divided into three periods : environmental protection, remediation and reuse, and comprehensive planning. Four major features were identified: relaxation and readjustment of regulation, diversification of support programs, a mix of top-down and bottom-up approaches, and database system building. The study examines how common brownfield problems such as site identification difficulties and assessment and remediation cost have been dealt with in the regulatory context and has implications for future policies and programs for effective brownfield planning and management in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.48-54
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• 1998

In this study a computerized prototype system was developed with Safety Management Information System(SMIS version 1.0) as a main system and database as subsystems to handle information. Safety management information consists of management aspects and technical elements, but SMIS consists of 4 modules of technical elements to interrelate safety technologies closely. SMIS enables gas industries to manage process safety information effectively and to evaluate hazards. The results from SMIS can be used to the operation manual and the emergency plan. Data base consists of 3 modules of accident data, material data, and equipment data to support SMIS. Also, the case study results proved the usefulness of SMIS for searching and accumulating process safety data. Especially, MIS which has the database suggests a formal structure for scattered raw safety data in gas industries and brings reduction of man power and time.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.270-279
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• 2017

Regional assessment of crop productivity using a gridded simulation approach could aid policy making and crop management. Still, little effort has been made to develop the systems that allows gridded simulations of crop growth using ORYZA 2000 model, which has been used for predicting rice yield in Korea. The objectives of this study were to develop a series of data processing modules for creating input data files, running the crop model, and aggregating output files in a region of interest using gridded data files. These modules were implemented using C++ and R to make the best use of the features provided by these programming languages. In a case study, 13000 input files in a plain text format were prepared using daily gridded weather data that had spatial resolution of 1km and 12.5 km for the period of 2001-2010. Using the text files as inputs to ORYZA2000 model, crop yield simulations were performed for each grid cell using a scenario of crop management practices. After output files were created for grid cells that represent a paddy rice field in South Korea, each output file was aggregated into an output file in the netCDF format. It was found that the spatial pattern of crop yield was relatively similar to actual distribution of yields in Korea, although there were biases of crop yield depending on regions. It seemed that those differences resulted from uncertainties incurred in input data, e.g., transplanting date, cultivar in an area, as well as weather data. Our results indicated that a set of tools developed in this study would be useful for gridded simulation of different crop models. In the further study, it would be worthwhile to take into account compatibility to a modeling interface library for integrated simulation of an agricultural ecosystem.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.109-120
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• 2016

This study aims to assess vulnerability in urban thermal environments of Seoul by using indicators frequently used in previous studies as well as effective indicators for spatial planning like urban and environmental planning. For this purpose, fifteen indicators that influence urban thermal environments such as heat waves, urban heat island effects, and urban micro-climates were identified based on literature reviews. Indicators for presenting urban structure and spatial properties were included; for example, building volume as 'exposure to climate', buildings completed before 1980 as 'sensitivity', and green space areas as 'adaptive capacity'. Among them, twelve indicators were applied to assess vulnerability in urban thermal environments of Seoul by using a GIS spatial analysis combined with fuzzy logic. The results show that the Gangnam area is identified as more vulnerable to a heat environment as compared to the Gangbuk area. In the Gangnam area, Seocho-gu, Gangnam-gu, Dongjak-gu, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Gangseo-gu were relatively high in vulnerability, while Dongdaemun-gu, Gangbuk-gu, Gwangjin-gu, Jungrang-gu were relatively high in the Gangbuk area. Gwanak-gu, Dobong-gu, Eunpyeong-gu, and Nowon-gu, which include forested areas, have low vulnerability in the sectors of 'exposure to climate' and 'sensitivity' due to the impact of Gwanaksan and Bukhansan. However, some areas with high vulnerability like Seocho-gu and Gangnam-gu may have lower vulnerability if the indicator 'status of air conditioning' from the sector of 'adaptive capacity' is used. This study could support the establishment of a practicable thermal environment policy and spatial planning to reduce heat-related risks in the field of urban and environmental planning.