• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.385-391
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• 2013

X-ray computed tomography is a very powerful nondestructive technique in safety inspection of historic timber building. But, in field, various testing condition makes it difficult to carry out X-ray CT testing. Limited size in X-ray digital detector is one of the problems. In this study, a pitch pine disk with two holes was used to know how imperfection in X-ray projection affects CT image resolution. Using various number of projections, CT image was reconstructed by filtered back projection method, and then it was investigated how many projection is required to identify the holes in different location. Two artificial holes could be differently detected according to their location in cross section of specimen. One hole in center part of specimen was identified using more than 9 radiographs, but the other one which located in outer part of cross section could not be detected until more than 36 projections were used. Even though there is data missing in outer part of cross section due to limited size of detector, the center part of CT image could be reconstructed well and the resolution of outer part became higher with increase of the number of projections. For field application, the number of projections for CT image reconstruction needs to be decided with consideration of another nondestructive testing and the location of interest.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.424-429
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• 2009

본 연구의 목적은 니켈 티타늄 전동파일의 피로 파절에 파일의 단면 형태가 미치는 영향을 평가하고자 하였다. 6 종의 ProFile (Dentsply), Mtwo (VDW), K3 (SybronEndo), Heroshaper (MicroMega), NRT (Mani), Alpha system (KOMET) 니켈-티타늄 전동 파일(ISO 30 size/.04 taper)을 각 10개씩 실험군으로 배정하고 실험을 진행하였다. 니켈 티타늄 전동파일에 반복적인 장력과 압축력을 재현시킬 수 있는 피로파절 실험기(Denbotix)와 연결된 토크 조절 전동모터(Aseptico)에 각 군의 파일을 연결하여 300rpm 속도로 만곡도가 60도이고 5mm의 반경을 가진 인공 금속 근관 내를 6 mm pecking depth로 작동시켰다. 각 파일의 파절시간을 측정하고 통계 분석하여 유의성을 분석하였으며, 각 군의 파절된 모든 파일의 파절면을 주사전자현미경을 이용한 fractographic analysis를 통해 파절 역학을 규명하였다. 또한 각 군에서 3개의 사용하지 않은 새 파일을 clear resin에 매몰하고tip에서부터 3mm 지점을 횡절단하여 Image-Pro Plus (Imagej 1.34n, NIH) 소프트웨어로 절단면의 단면적을 측정하고 단면적의 크기와 피로 파절과의 상관성도 평가하였다. 실험 결과 NRT와 ProFile이 다른 실험군에 비해서 유의성 있게 높은 피로 파절 저항성을 보였다(P < .05). 또한 파일의 단면적은 피로파절 저항성과 통계학적인 유의성은 보이지 않았다. Fractographic analysis 결과 모든 시편에서 파절면은 ductile fracture와 brittle fracture가 혼재된 양상으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 니켈 티타늄 전동 파일의 단면적의 크기는 피로파절 저항과는 상관성이 적었다.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제29권7호
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• pp.458-467
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 두 개의 스피커를 이용한 청취 환경에서 좌, 우 채널의 간섭 신호를 제거하기 위한 새로운 오디오 시스템을 개발하였다. 간섭 제거는 청취자의 위치에 따라 적응적으로 이루어져야 하기 때문에, 청취 위치를 추적하기 위한 기법이 적용되었다. 청취자 위치 추적은 2개의 마이크로폰을 통하여 이루어지며 채널 간 시간 지연을 이용하여 청취자의 방향을 추정하도록 하였다. 또한 잔향 환경에서의 사용을 고려하여 선형 예측 기법을 이용한 잔향 제거 기법이 적용되었다. 좌,우 채널의 간섭제거를 위한 음원-귀 간의 경로는 KEMAR 머리전달함수를 이용하여 나타내었다. 사용된 청취자 방향 측정 시스템의 유용성을 평가하기 위해 추정된 위치에서 채널 간섭의 성능을 평가하였다. 평가 척도로 채널 분리 비를 사용하였으며, 실험적인 결과, 사용자의 실제 위치와 추정된 위치 간에 다소 차이가 있더라도 -10 dB의 채널 분리비가 얻어짐을 확인 할 수 있었다. 제안된 알고리즘은 부동소수점 디지털 신호처리 프로세서를 이용하여 실시간 구현되었으며 청취자 평균 방향 오차는 5도, 주관적 간섭 제거율은 평균적으로 80 % 얻어짐을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.40-46
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• 2015

In a mobile ad hoc network (MANET), communication between mobile nodes occurs without centralized control. In this environment the mobility of a node is unpredictable; this is considered as a characteristic of wireless networks. Because of faulty or malicious nodes, the network is vulnerable to routing misbehavior. The resource constrained characteristics of MANETs leads to increased query delay at the time of data access. In this paper, AntHocNet+ Security (ANTSEC) framework is proposed that includes an enhanced cooperative caching scheme embedded with artificial immune system. This framework improves security by injecting immunity into the data packets, improves the packet delivery ratio and reduces end-to-end delay using cross layer design. The issues of node failure and node malfunction are addressed in the cache management.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.15-21
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• 1991

This study was attempted to investigate the dissolution rate and bioavailability of commercially available furosemide preparations. A. B. and C. The dissolution test was conducted in an artificial gastric juice using the basket method. and furosemide (40 mg) was administered orally to 8 normal volunteers by cross-over design. The results were as follows: the AUC and dissolution rate in 100 min ($D_{100\;min}$) were higher in order of preparations. A > C > B. But the peak concentration. time to reach peak concentration $(T_{max})$, and mean dissolution time (MDT) were in order of preparations. C > A > B. There were significantly linear correlations between the AUC and the $D_{100\;min}$, and between the $T_{max}$ and the MDT. From the results of this experiment. it can be concluded that commercially available preparations bioavailability of furosemide, which may be predicted from the dissolution rate.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1995년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.372-377
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• 1995

Expert systems which represent the appllication of artificial intelligence research are now nearly 20 years old. It is said that the present technology together with ever- increasing computing applicability of Combined Hypertext-Expert System Techniques to the design of reinforced concrete structures. Hypertext systems allow the user to control the system while expert systems alone don't give the user any control over the system. Therefore the combination of these two techniques, offered by KnowledgePro, may bring us closer to real user-expert communication. The system developed in this work offers information on design in general by reorganizing ACI Manual 318-89, detailed stress analysis and cross sectional design of simple PC/RC beams and optimum design of reinforced concrete building frames. The system also includes the author's earlier work on guidance to identify types of cracks in concrete. It is also includes the author's earlier work on guidance to identify types of cracks in concrete. It is also demonstrated how well and conveniently existing programs can be used by reorganizing the user manuals in the context of hypertext.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.147-161
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• 2005

Two identical tall building models with square cross-sections are experimentally studied in a wind tunnel with high-frequency-force-balance (HFFB) technique to investigate the interference effects on wind loads and dynamic responses of the interfered building. Another wind tunnel test, in which the interfered model is an aeroelastic one, is also carried out to further study the interference effects. The results from the two kinds of tests are compared with each other. Then the influences of turbulence in oncoming wind on dynamic interference factors are analyzed. At last the artificial neural networks method is used to deal with the experimental data and the along-wind and across-wind dynamic interference factor $IF_{dx}$ & $IF_{dy}$ contour maps are obtained, which could be used as references for wind load codes of buildings.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2002년도 ICCAS
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• pp.97.5-97
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• 2002

A sensor modeling via artificial neural network is presented in this paper. The optical sensor has been designed to treasure absolute 3-dimensional positions and orientations of objects in 6-DOF. The method utilizes a triangular pyramidal mirror having an equilateral cross-sectional shape referred as 3-facet mirror. The mirror has three lateral reflective surfaces inclined 45 degrees to its bottom surface. The 3-facet mirror is mounted on the object whose 6-DOF motion is to be measured. As optical components, a He-Ne laser source and three position-sensitive detectors(PSD) are used. The laser beam is emitted from the He-Ne laser source located at the upright position and vertically incident o...

• 대한화학회지
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• 제58권6호
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• pp.543-552
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• 2014

A quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) study is performed for modeling and prediction of oral bioavailabilities of 216 diverse set of drugs. After calculation and screening of molecular descriptors, linear and nonlinear models were developed by using multiple linear regression (MLR), artificial neural network (ANN), support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF) techniques. Comparison between statistical parameters of these models indicates the suitability of SVM over other models. The root mean square errors of SVM model were 5.933 and 4.934 for training and test sets, respectively. Robustness and reliability of the developed SVM model was evaluated by performing of leave many out cross validation test, which produces the statistic of $Q^2_{SVM}=0.603$ and SPRESS = 7.902. Moreover, the chemical applicability domains of model were determined via leverage approach. The results of this study revealed the applicability of QSAR approach by using SVM in prediction of oral bioavailability of drugs.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.579-588
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• 2020

Obligor defaults are cross-sectionally correlated as obligors share common economic conditions; in addition obligors are longitudinally correlated so that an economic shock like the IMF crisis in 1998 lasts for a period of time. A longitudinal correlation should be used to construct statistical scenarios of stress test with which we replace a type of artificial scenario that the banks have used. We propose a Bayesian model to accommodate such correlation structures. Using 402 obligors to a domestic bank in Korea, our model with a dynamic correlation is compared to a Bayesian model with a stationary longitudinal correlation and the classical logistic regression model. Our model generates statistical financial statement under a stress situation on individual obligor basis so that the genearted financial statement produces a similar distribution of credit grades to when the IMF crisis occurred and complies with Basel IV (Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, 2017) requirement that the credit grades under a stress situation are not sensitive to the business cycle.