• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.831-834
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• 2011

This paper is intended as performance verification of efficient container door Open/Closed detection mechanism for Container Security Device(ConTracer) to container cargo transportation. Container door Open/Closed detection mechanism using Reed sensor is important to satisfies the US Department of homeland security customs and border protections requirements to many types of container door. Also, Verify that the container door is configured correctly and that you can check the illegal opening. In this article, Performance valuation of this Contacer on reed sensor has been verified through field test for each other 30 containers. Once the improvement has been made, we are suggest that propose skills will meet the highest standards for container security safety.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.178-185
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• 2017

Objective: Because of communication difficulties, the hearing-impaired face many disadvantages throughout their lives. One of those is limited access to health care services, particularly medication service. Though they suffer from problems related to taking medication properly, there have been few studies on their actual condition of medication use in Korea. This study is to investigate any obstacles to properly taking medications and, therefore, to suggest preliminary evidence for policy measures to improve safe medication use among the hearing-impaired. Methods: Study participants consisted of hearing-impaired individuals living in Seoul. We also interviewed two sign language interpreters in order to illuminate health care state of the hearing-impaired. In-depth interview for each study participant was recorded and was translated into a written script for analysis. Results: Study participants were comprised of four women (66.6%) and two men (33.3%). There were one participants in 20's, two participants in 30's, one 40's, and two 50's. Sign language interpreters were all women. One was in her 30's and the other was in her 40's. Communication difficulties have been found to be key barrier to use medication safely. A negative image of pharmacists also hinders safe medication usage, lowering access to local pharmacy and leading discretional self-medication. This article provides pharmacists with solutions to promote adherence in this population. Conclusion: The hearing-impaired had limited access to medication-related information as well as using services in a hospital and local pharmacy due to their disability. Institutional improvement for safe medication usage among the hearing-impaired is necessary.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.379-386
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• 2011

The article is to investigate selection of Korean cuisine restaurants and levels of acculturation for foreigner living in Korea and to suggest some guidelines for drawing them and enlargement in consuming market. Out of 250 questionnaires, 220 questionnaires were used for data analysis. The findings are showed visiting for taking experience other culture and learning technology & training, not knowing well much about Korean culture, and eating experience Korean food on 30.5%, less than 2 years length in Korea. And the most difficult points are showed unclear communication, rude behavior, attitude, and language in living Korea. Second, the purpose of visiting restaurant is to spend good time with friends and to eat out special food, then foreigners usually have lunch & dinner Korean food, their own food on weekend. Third, 'service' and 'sanitation & cleanness' factors were ranked highly for foreigners living less than 2 years, but 'location' factor was ranked highly for residents living more than 4 years in the Korea. Last, foreigners living less than 2 years recognized highly on 'identification and Korea culture' in the Korea.

• Composites Research
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.223-228
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• 2017

The article explains about development of flame retardant self-reinforced composites (FR-SRC) through compression molding technique by utilizing Polypropylene (PP), Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and chitosan. The effect of APP and chitosan on mechanical, thermal and flame retardant properties in FR-SRC were studied. The mechanical strength of FR-SRC is enhanced than Pure SRC. However, the strength is decreased significantly with increasing the concentration of both flame retardant fillers. But comparison, chitosan filled FR-SRC is stronger than APP filled FR-SRC. In case of flame retardancy, APP is more effective than chitosan. These results can be applicable to provide light weight and recyclable flame retardant self-reinforced composites for automobile and packaging industries, etc.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Information Technology Applications Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.407-411
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• 2002

Ternary sequences are digital codes consisting of discrete values -1, 0, and 1 only. They are advantageous in that the correlation can be carried out using additions only. Also, they feature an ideal circular autocorrelation function, but in channel characterization tasks, the usual requirement is that the linear autocorrelation function be ideal, i.e., a Kronecker delta function. In this article, we consider two approaches to improving their linear autocorrelation or crosscorrelation properties: one is an inverse filtering method with thresholding, and the other is a singular value decomposition (SVD) method. Both methods are simulated under noisy circumstances. The inverse filtering method resulted in an improvement in peak sidelobe level of about 11 dB at an SNR of 30 dB, and the SVD method showed similar performances, albeit more sensitive to noise depending on the singular value selection strategy.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.29-34
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• 2018

Purpose: This study aimed to systematically analyze the reliability and validity of Korean versions of mobility and gait assessment tools for patients with stroke. Methods: Two reviewers conducted an independent literature search and systematically reviewed the literature. Literature published until June of 2017 was searched using search engines for electronic databases. The 2 reviewers reviewed the title and abstract of each article. Among the articles examined, we read the full text of those judged to be suitable for our study. We classified the selected data into research methods and results. The determination was made through mutual agreement. Results: The reviewers selected 5 articles related to the purpose of this study. The DGI was found to be moderately associated with BBS, 10MWT, and TUG in intra-rater reliability (ICC=0.92), inter-rater reliability (ICC=0.88), and concurrent validity tests. The FGA demonstrated a high level of reliability with intra-rater (ICC=0.92-0.95) and inter-rater reliability (ICC=0.91, 0.95). The intra-rater reliability of the RMI was high at ICC=0.98. Its concurrent validity showed a high association with STREAM and BI. The intra-rater reliability of the MAS was ICC=0.75-0.99. Its inter-rater reliability was very high, exceeding 0.99. The inter-rater reliability of the Tinetti-gait Scale was ICC=0.91, and its concurrent validity was moderately associated with the DGI, 10WMT, OLST, FM-L/E, and STS. Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that the reliability and validity of the Korean versions of the mobility and gait assessment tools were high.

• Mass Spectrometry Letters
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.30-33
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• 2013

Chalcones are naturally occurring, biologically active molecules generating interest from a wide range of research applications including synthetic methodology development, biological activity investigation and studying fragmentation patterns. In this article, a series of chalcones has been synthesized and their fragmentation behavior was studied using modern ambient ionization technique Direct Analysis in Real Time (DART). DART ion source connected with an ion trap mass spectrometer was used for the fragmentation of various substituted chalcones. The chalcones were introduced to the DART source using a glass capillary without sample preparation step. All the chalcones showed prominent molecular ion peaks $[M]^{{\cdot}+}$ corresponding to the structures. Multistage mass spectral data $MS^n$ ($MS^2$ and $MS^3$) were collected for all the chalcones studied. The chalcones with substitutions at 3, 4 or 5 positions gave product ion peaks with the loss of a phenyl radical ($Ph^{\cdot}$) by radical initiated ${\alpha}$-cleavage, while substitution at 2 position of chalcone in the A-ring gave a product ion peak with the loss of substituted styryl radical (PhCH = $CH^{\cdot}$). In case of the chalcones with the substituent at 4 positions in A and B rings gave both types of fragmentation patterns. In conclusion, chalcones can be easily characterized using modern DART interface in very short time and efficiently without any cumbersome sample pretreatment.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.81-95
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• 2003

Carotenoids are synthesized from the plastidic glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (GAP)/pyruvate pathway in isoprenoids biosynthetic system of plants. They play a crucial role in light harvesting, work as photoprotective agents in photosynthesis of nature, and are also responsible for the red, orange and yellow colors of fruits and flowers in plants. In addition to biological actions of carotenoids as antioxidants and natural pigments, they are essential components of human diet as a source of vitamin A. It has been also suggested that some kinds of carotenoids might provide protection against cancer and heart disease as human medicines. In this article, we review the commercial applications on the basis of biological functions of carotenoids, summarize the studies of genes involved in the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway, and introduce recent results achieved in metabolic engineering of carotenoids. This effort for understanding the carotenoids metabolism will make us to increase the total carotenoid contents of crop plants, direct the carotenoid biosynthetic machinery towards other useful carotenoids, and produce a new array of carotenoids by further metabolizing the new precursors that are created when one or two key enzymes in carotenoid biosynthetic pathway are exchanged through gene manipulation in the near future.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.69-77
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• 2008

This article proposes new method for estimating pedestrian quality of service(QOS) that is useful to changing pedestrian environment by examining pedestrian quality of service as well as developing new method that integrate qualitative variables into the estimating indicators for the pedestrian movement right. Based on survey questionnaire addressed to experts group, the obtained data for the indicators were analyzed through Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP). The results show that pedestrian traffic flow(quantitative figure: 52%), sidewalk geometric(quantitative figure: 16%), sidewalk usage behavior(qualitative figure: 11%) in commercial and business zone pointed out the importance of quantitative indicators such as pedestrian traffic flow, and sidewalk geometric. In addition, the results also show that pedestrian traffic flow(quantitative figure: 30%), sidewalk geometric(quantitative figure : 22%), sidewalk usage behavior(qualitative figure: 20%) indicate the significance of qualitative indicators such as pedestrian's sidewalk usage.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.142-147
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• 2011

Background: Endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) has come into use and been widely extended because of the low complication rate and less-invasiveness. This article aimed to describe our experience in the treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm with EVAR. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review was conducted for the 22 patients who underwent EVAR in a single hospital December 2001 to June 2009. Results: The mean age of the patients was $68.5{\pm}7.6$ years. There were several risk factors and comorbidities in 20 patients (90.9%). The mean diameter of the aortic aneurysms was $61.2{\pm}12.9$ mm. The mean length, diameter, and angle of the aneurysmal neck were $30.5{\pm}15.5$ mm, $24.0{\pm}4.5$ mm, and $43.9{\pm}16.0^{\circ}$, respectively. The mean follow-up period of the patients was $28.8{\pm}29.5$ months. The 30-day postoperative mortality was none. Seven patients (31.8%) had endoleaks during the hospital stay and three patients (13.6%) had endoleaks during the follow-up period. One patient (4.5%) died due to a ruptured aortic aneurysm. The cumulative patient survival rates were 88.2%, 88.2%, and 70.6% at 1, 3, and 5 years of follow-up, respectively. Conclusion: EVAR is currently a safe, feasible procedure for high risk patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm because of low postoperative complication and mortality if patients are selected properly and followed up carefully.