• Journal of Species Research
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.157-165
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• 2016

The hyporheic zone is an ecologically important area for investigating habitat biodiversity. However, only few studies have been conducted on this aspect in Korea. This study aimed to investigate the distribution of arthropod communities in the hyporheic zone of Nakdonggang River between 2012 and 2013. The meiobenthic arthropod communities found in the hyporheic zone were identified using a stereomicroscope and classified into 9 taxanomic groups. The abundance of arthropod communities was higher in the hyporheic zones of streams having well-formed sandbanks and gravelly areas. The arthropod communities found along the Nakdonggang River differed depending on the conditions of levees and the regions of the river from where they were collected. The frequency of species of the order Harpacticoida was high in the Nakdonggang main stream and western downstream region. The abundance of species belonging to Cyclopidae was high in the upstream region, midstream region, and eastern downstream region of the river. The frequency of species of the order Bathynellacea was high in the riverside parks or cement levees, but that of species belonging to Cyclopidae was high in the natural levees and gabion levees. Our findings suggested that arthropod communities preferred natural levees.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.165-179
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• 2002

백만종을 넘어 천만종에 이를 것으로 추산되는 절지동물 (Phylum Arthropoda)은 지구상에 현존하는 가장 번성한 동물군 중의 하나로서 캠브리아기 생물의 빅뱅 이후 급변하는 환경속에서도 멸종의 길을 걷지 않고 성공적으로 살아남아 오늘날의 다양성을 유지하고 있다. 멸종한 절지동물인 삼엽충(Trilobita)을 제외하면, 현재 서식하고 있는 절지동물들은 다섯 아문으로 나누어진다: 육각류(Hexapoda), 갑각류(Crustacea), 다지류(Myriapoda) 협각류 (Chelicerata), 바다거미류(Pycnogonida), 계통분류학자들은 절지동물과 인접분류군들 (arthropod relatives) -유조동물(Onychophora), 완보동물(Tardigrada), 오구동물(Pentastomida)-의 상호 유연관계와 선구통물 내에서의 계통학적 위치들, 절지동물의 단계통성 혹은 다계통성, 절지동물의 주요 다섯 아문들 간의 계통유연관계 등에 관한 논쟁들을 지난 세기 내내 이어왔다. 최근에 선구등불을 크게 탈피동물 (Ecdysozoa)과 촉수담륜동물 (Lophotrochozoa)로 나누고 탈피동물 내에서 절지동물의 인접분류군 중의 하나가 선형동물 (Nematoda)일 수 있다는 새로운 동물 계통이 발표된 바 있다. 본 종설에서는 이 체계를 기본으로하여 선구동물 내에서의 절지동물과 그 인접분류군들의 계통학적 위치 및 상호유연관계를 우선적으로 언급하므로서 문(Phylum) 준위에서의 절지동물 계통에 관한 논쟁들을 소개하고자 한다. 그 연후에 적지동물의 단계통성에 관한 논쟁, 절지동물 주요 네 그룹 (아문)간의 계통유연관계에 관한 논쟁들에 초점을 맞추어 논하고자 한다. 절지동물의 주요 다섯 아문 중 하나인 바다거미류 (상대적으로 작은 분류군임)의 경우, 다른 주요 네 그룹 (Euarthropoda)의 자매 군으로서 가장 원시적인 형태의 절지류인지, 아니면 협각류의 자매군인지가 논란이 되고는 있을지라도 본 종설에서는 비중있게 다루지 않았다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.197-199
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• 2001

Arthropod antigens are main causative agents which induce allergic reponses in humans. However. little information is known about the prevalence of specific arthropod allergens in Koreans with allergic diseases. The current study was designed to determine the positive rates of arthropod antibodies by the Korean inhalant panel of MAST-CLA. One hundred sixty patients, who were diagnosed with allergic rhinitis from an out-patient center at the Soonchunhyang University Chunan Hospital, were studied between August 1998 to July 2000. The overall positive rate, at least more than one specific antibody of arthropods such as Dermatophagoides farinae (Df), Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp), and cockroach mix (Cm) , was 46.9%. Each positive rate of Df, Dp, and Cm was 45.0%, 43.1%, and 8.8%, respectively. A significant agreement among arthropod allergens was observed (Df and Dp: 95.6%, Kappa : 0.911, P < 0.001). Our data supported the fact that arthropods were the most common allergens in Korean patients with allergic rhinitis; however, the MAST-CLA should be modified to increase specificity of arthropod allergens .

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.15-26
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• 1998

This study was conducted to analyze arthropod community patterns in smallrice fields managed by different cultural methods [Conventional and Low Input Sustainable Agriculture(LISA)] in Suwon in 1995 and 1996. A half of nitrogen fertilizers and a quarter of pesticides were applied in the LISA field compared to in the conventional field. Total 15 orders and 43 families of arthropods were collected in two years. No differences were found in arthropod abundance and arthropod species composition between two differently practiced fields. The arthropod community was analyzed using guild categories. The arthropods were found in the order of 'pest(phytophag)>natural enemy>non-pest' in their densities. The pest species were mainly Homoptera and dominated by Delphacidae (Nilaparvata lugens Stal and Sogatella furcifera Horvath). They constituted > 80% of pest abundance. The spider was the most dominant group in the natural enemy and constituted > 90% of natural enemy abundance. Hunting spiders constituted > 60% of spider abundance and were dominated by Pirata subpiraticus Bos. et Str.(Lycosidae). Pachygnatha clerki Sundevall(Tetragnathidae), Gnathonarium dentatum Weider and Ummeliata angulituberis Oi(Erigonidae) were the dominant species in webbing spiders.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.375-384
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• 1997

The effects of three different irrigating water qualities(clean water, life sewage and animal sewage) on the pattern of arthropod communities in the rice fields were investigated at Banwol, Kyonggi-do, mid-western part of Korea from 1994 to 1996. The total density of arthropod was highest in the rice field which was irrigated with clean water(clean water field), and the arthropod community was mainly composed of aphids and collembolans. Each functional group was found in the order of 'pests>non-pests>natural enemies' in its density. The dominant taxa in the pest group were aphids, planthoppers(Delphacidae), leafhoppers(Cicadelidae) and rice water weevil(L. oryzophilus). In the non-pest group collembolans, non-biting midges and dipterans were main arthropods, and in the natural enemy group Araneae was the dominant taxon. In the early growth stage of rice plant the dominant functional group was pests, and in the mid growth stage both the pest and the natural enemy group became dominant. But in the late growth stage none of the functional group was dominant over the other functional groups. The densities of spiders were much more higher in the clean water field than in the other fields. And through all the growth stages of rice plants the density of spiders in clean water field kept increase in contrast to the others. The species composition of spiders in the life sewage field was similar to that in the animal sewage field, but in the clean water field it was different from the other two fields.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2014

Microorganisms have many roles in nature. They may act as decomposers that obtain nutrients from dead materials, while some are pathogens that cause diseases in animals, insects, and plants. Some are symbionts that enhance plant growth, such as arbuscular mycorrhizae and nitrogen fixation bacteria. However, roles of plant pathogens and diseases in natural ecosystems are still poorly understood. Thus, the current study addressed this deficiency by investigating possible roles of plant diseases in natural ecosystems, particularly, their positive effects on arthropod diversity. In this study, the model system was the oak tree (Quercus spp.) and the canker disease caused by Annulohypoxylon truncatum, and its effects on arthropod diversity. The oak tree site contained 44 oak trees; 31 had canker disease symptoms while 13 were disease-free. A total of 370 individual arthropods were detected at the site during the survey period. The arthropods belonged to 25 species, 17 families, and seven orders. Interestingly, the cankered trees had significantly higher biodiversity and richness compared with the canker-free trees. This study clearly demonstrated that arthropod diversity was supported by the oak tree canker disease.

• 생태와환경
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.271-278
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• 2016

Forest clear-cutting operations influence biodiversity through habitat changes and food resource availability for inhabitant species. This study examined the effects of clear-cutting on forest arthropod communities. Arthropods were collected from two different forest treatment areas (clear-cut and control) in summer and autumn. In each treatment area, arthropods were sampled from both crown and ground surfaces using sweeping and pitfall trap methods, respectively. Then, the taxonomic order of the collected arthropod specimens was easily identified. Results indicate that arthropod abundance and number of taxa present were higher at ground surface than at crown levels in both clear-cut and control areas. At crown level, more homopteran species were present in clear-cut areas than in control areas in summer. At ground surface, populations of Isopoda and Opiliones were higher in control areas than in clear-cut areas, whereas numbers of Araneae, Orthoptera, and Hymenoptera were greater in clear-cut areas. Cluster analysis and principal component analysis showed distinct differences between clear-cut and control communities at crown level in summer and at ground surface in autumn. Thus, our results indicate that clear-cutting significantly influences arthropod communities, and higher taxa are valuable for conducting rapid biological assessments of ecosystem disturbances.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.335-343
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• 2015

유전자변형 작물이 절지동물에 미칠 수 있는 잠재적인 부정적 영향은 유전자변형 작물의 주요한 환경위해성의 하나로 여겨지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 PPO (protoporphyrinogen oxidase) 저해 제초제 내성 유전자변형 벼가 절지동물에 미칠 수 있는 영향을 평가하기 위하여 절지동물의 다양성과 군집구조를 조사하였다. 절지동물은 야외포장에서 벼의 생육기간 동안 황색점착트랩을 이용하여 채집하였다. 유전자변형 벼는 채집된 절지동물군집의 다양도 지수에 유의한 영향을 주지 않았다. 또한 다변량분석(PerMANOVA, NMDS) 결과에서도 절지동물군집 구조는 채집시기에 따라 달랐지만 벼의 유전형(유전자변형 또는 비변형)에 의해 영향을 받지 않았다.

• 생태와환경
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.208-219
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 간벌 이후 지표 절지동물 군집의 장기적인 변화를 확인하기 위해, 잣나무조림지에서 간벌 전후에 조사되었던 과거 지표 절지동물 군집 자료와 간벌처리 10년 후인 2018년에 채집한 군집 자료를 비교하였다. 조사지역에서는 간벌 이후 10년이 지났으나 여전히 간벌처리에 따른 서식 환경(유기물 깊이, 지표면 식생 피도, 울폐도)의 차이가 나타났다. 2018년 조사된 절지동물 군집은 곤충강파리목, 벌목, 딱정벌레목, 톡토기강 톡토기목, 거미강 거미목 순으로 우점하였고, 간벌처리 조건 중 강도간벌에서는 거미강 거미목, 곤충강 딱정벌레목과 벌목이, 약도간벌에서 톡토기강 톡토기목과 곤충강 파리목이 가장 많이 나타났다. 간벌 직후인 2008년에 비해 2018년 곤충강 딱정벌레목과 파리목, 벌목, 갑각강 등각목의 개체수는 감소하였고, 곤충강 노린재목과 메뚜기목의 개체수는 증가하였다. 2018년의 지표 절지동물 군집은 간벌 이전인 2006년 군집에 비해, 간벌 직후인 2008년 군집과 유사한 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 지표 절지동물 군집의 변화를 조사지역 및 간벌처리 조건에 따라 나타내어, 차후 산림 내 간벌 계획 작성 또는 간벌을 이용한 산림 자원 관리에 대한 기초 자료를 제공한다. 이후로 다양한 간벌처리지 내 조사 등이 수반된 추가 연구가 수행된다면, 간벌로 인한 산림 절지동물 군집 변화를 더욱 명확하게 규명할 수 있을 것이다.

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.129-138
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• 2021

Living modified organisms (LMOs) are managed by seven government agencies according to their use in South Korea. The Ministry of Environment is responsible for LMOs used for environmental remediation. This study aimed to develop guidelines for assessing potential risks posed by transgenic plants used for remediation to insect ecosystems by investigating arthropod communities in sunflower fields. A total of 2,350 insects and spiders belonging to 134 species of 10 orders and 71 families were collected from sunflower fields over four growth stages ranging from anthesis to seed maturity. At the R3 phase of flower-bud formation, Chironomidae sp. of a decomposer insect guild presented the highest density, while Apis mellifera of a pollinator guild was the most abundant in the R5.8 phase of flowering. During the R7 seed-filling phase and the R9 phase of seed maturity, herbivorous Pochazia shantungensis predominated. During the R9 phase, richness and diversity indices of arthropod communities were distinctly lower whereas their dominance indices were significantly higher than those at other phases. In addition, the composition of arthropod communities was strongly correlated not only with the sampling date, but also with the sampling method depending on the growth stage of sunflowers. Our results suggest that appropriate sampling timing and methods should be considered in advance and that long-term field trials that cover a variety of environmental conditions should be carried out to evaluate potential risks to insect ecosystems.