• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.31-44
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• 2002

This study was conducted to examine arthritis patients' knowledge level and its related factors. Data were collected from 100 people who suffered from arthritis in Seoul, Busan, Daegu, Daejun, Junjoo, and Pohang from June 1, 2000 to August 31, 2000. The results of this study are summarized as follows. 1. 61.0％ of the subjects was female. The incidence rate of arthritis was higher in the higher age group, lower educated group, and thinner group. In the case of male, the incidence rate was higher in the groups of single, residents in big cities, and technicians. In the case of female, it was higher in the groups of the married, residents in towns or villages, and housewives. 2. Among the sources of obtaining the knowledge related to arthritis, 38.0％ of the respondents obtained the knowledge from physicians and 24.1 ％ got it from TV or Radio. 14.6％ of them obtained it from family members, neighbors, and friends and 14.3％ got it from newspapers, magazines, and pamphlets. Only 5.8％ of them obtained the knowledge from pharmacists. The sources showed significant difference in the variables of age, occupation, marital status, religion, place of residence, and education level. 3. 47.2％ of them thought that education related to arthritis was needed without fail, while 12.5％ thought that it was not necessary. In the question related to concern about arthritis, ‘no concern’ was 31.2％, while ‘concern’ was 7.8％ and ‘a little concern’ was 45.1 ％. 4. The knowledge level of arthritis was 7.35 ± 1.51 points on the basis of 11 points. It showed significant difference in the variables of age, occupation, education level, and economic status. 5. The knowledge was influenced by the variables of economic status, necessity of publicity, treatment period, occupation, education level, and age. The arthritis patients did not have enough knowledge of arthritis because the education was not provided well for them. Therefore, related professionals and organizations must develop education program of arthritis in order to educate them.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.57-65
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• 2007

Objectives : We examined to know the effect of Cordyceps sinensis(CS) on arthritis mouse induced by type II collagen. Methods : To analyse immunomodulatory effects of CS, arthritis index, incidence, hind paw edema, DTH, spleen weight, the number of hemocytes, and surface-receptor expression of CD4+, CD8+ and CD19+ cells in DBA/IJ mice which is experimental model of arthritis induced by collagen were measured in vivo. Results: CS reduced arthritis index, incidence, hind paw edema and DTH significantly as compared with the control group in experimental model of arthritis induced by collagen. CS enhanced the spleen weight significantly as compared with the control group but didn't enhanced the number of leukocytes and thrombocytes in experimental model of arthritis. CS enhanced the number of activating cells and surface-receptor expression of CD4+, CD8+ cells as compared with the control group but didn't enhanced those of CD19+ cells in experimental model of arthritis. Conclusion : We found out that CS may have a suppressing effect againist auto-immune disease and will be need continuous research in looking for the more effective mechanism in the future.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.870-875
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• 2011

Arthritis of the knee is the most common type of joint inflammatory disorder and it is associated with pain and inflammation of the joint capsule. The aim of present study was to investigate the endogenous effect of low intensity laser acupuncture on collagen-induced arthritis in rats. Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal group, arthritis group, low laser group with 10 rats in each group. Arthritis in rats was induced by subcutaneous injection of type II collagen combined with complete Freund's adjuvant. Here we investigated the effects of low intensity laser therapy in experimentally induced rat knee arthritis. To evaluate preventive and therapeutic effects of low intensity laser acupuncture on collagen-induced arthritis rats. In collagen induced arthritic rats, there was significant increase in rat paw volume and decrease in body weight increment, whereas low intensity laser therapy groups, showed significant reduction in paw volume and normal gain in body weight. The altered biochemical parameters(blood urea, serum creatinine, total proteins and acute phase proteins) in the arthritic rats were significantly brought back to near normal by the low intensity laser therapy. Therefore, low intensity laser acupuncture may be a useful treatment in the prevention and treatment of collagen-induced arthritis.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.53 no.11
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• pp.931-935
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• 2010

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is comprised of a heterogeneous group of several disease subtypes that are characterized by the onset of arthritis before the age of 16 years and has symptoms lasting at least 6 weeks. The previous classification of JIA included seven different categories, whereas its current classification was compiled by the International League of the Association for Rheumatology, and replaced the previous terms of "juvenile chronic arthritis" and "juvenile rheumatoid arthritis," which were used in Europe or North America, respectively, with the single nomenclature of JIA. As mentioned above, JIA is defined as arthritis of unknown etiology that manifests itself before the age of 16 years and persists for at least 6 weeks, while excluding other known conditions. The clinical symptoms of JIA can be quite variable. Several symptoms that are characteristic of arthritis are not necessarily diagnostic of JIA and may have multiple etiologies that can be differentiated with careful examination of patient history. The disease may develop over days or sometimes weeks, thereby making the diagnosis difficult at the time of presentation. To make a clinical diagnosis of JIA, the first step is to exclude arthritis with known etiologies. Of note, late treatment due to excessive delay of diagnosis can cause severe damage to joints and other organs and impair skeletal maturation. Therefore, early detection of JIA is critical to ensure prompt treatment and to prevent long-term complications including the likelihood of disability in childhood.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.299-311
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to investigate and analysis effect of TENS with immunohistochemistry methode through changes of substance P in spinal using arthritis model after inducing inflammation. The changes of substance P induced at that time are compared with control which is not induced arthritis by means of counting. The effect of TENS (4Hz, $200{\mu}$, 20minutes) is also tested by observing changes of substance P in spinal dorsal horn after application on knee joint of rats which is arthritis model induced by kaolin and carrageenan. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Substance P immunoreactive positive neurons are increased in dorsal horn after inducting arthritis. 2. In arthritis group, Substance P immunoreactive positive neurons are progressively increased from the first to the third days. 3. Substance P immunoreactive positive neurons after applicating TENS on arthritis group are more decreased than only arthritis-induced group. 4. Substance P immunoreactive positive neurons were significantly decreased on the second days resulting from TENS application from the first to the third days. Therefore, TENS application is decrease Substance P immunoreactive positive neurons in spinal dorsal horn of rats induced arthritis. This decrease is considered as analgesic effect of TENS.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.5-16
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• 2000

The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in the level of disease condition and ADL by self-efficacy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The subjects of the study consisted of eighty-four outpatients with rheumatoid arthritis at a university hospital in Taegu between July 20, 1999 and August 25, 1999. The instruments used in this study were the self-efficacy developed by Lorig et al. (1989), the pain scale developed by Lee and Song(1987), the erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR), the pain joint count to measure disease condition scale, and the ADL scale developed by Katz et al. (1970) and Barthel(1973). Analysis of data was done by use of descriptive statistics: Pearson Correlation, Chi-square test, t-test, ANOVA and Scheffe, with the SPSS program. The major findings can be summarized as follows: 1. The first hypothesis, "There will be differences in the level of disease condition by self-efficacy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis" was partially supported. 1-1. "There will be differences in the level of pain by self-efficacy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis" was supported(F=3.422, p=.037). 1-2. "There will be differences in the level of ESR by self-efficacy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis" was the Disease Condition and supported (F=3.314, p=.041). 1-3. "There will be differences in the level of pain joints count by self-efficacy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis" was rejected(F=2.602, p=.080). 2. The second hypothesis, "There will be differences in the level of ADL by self-efficacy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis" was supported(F=7.067, p=.001). With the above results, it can be concluded that the higher level of self-efficacy contributed to the better level of disease condition and ADL in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Therefore, by providing nursing intervention to promote the level of self-efficacy of rheumatoid arthritis patients with low self-efficacy, disease condition and ADL would be much better.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.171-183
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• 2007

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of Erythrinae Cortex herbal-acupuncture solution(EC-HAS) at the Joksamni($ST_{36}$) of mice with collagen II-induced arthritis(CIA). Methods : The author performed several experimental procedures to observe the effects of the EC-HAS at the arthritis. The severity of arthritis, changes of cytokine level and antibody level, histological changes of the CIA mouse joint were analyzed. Results : 1. The incidence of arthritis and arthritis index were significantly decreased in the cases which were treated with the EC-HA. 2. Cartilage destruction and synovial cell proliferation were reduced, and the expression of the collagen fibers was similar with that of the normal group. 3. The levels of IL-6, $IFN-{\gamma}$, $TNF-{\alpha}$, $IL-1{\beta}$ in serum of the CIA mice which were treated with the EC-HA were significantly decreased compared with those of the normal group. 4. The levels of IgG, IgM and anti-collagen II in serum of CIA mice when they treated with the EC-HA were significantly decreased compared with those of the normal group. 5. The expression ratio of $CD4^+$ to $CD8^+$ cells in the EC-HA treated mice were maintained as much as the normal group of the lymph nodes in the CIA mice. 6. The $CD3e^+CD69^+$ and $CD11b^+Gr-1^+$ cell populations in the knee joint were significantly decreased in the EC-HA treated group. Conclusions : These results suggest that the EC-HA at the ST36 may be responsible roles to control on the synovial cell proliferation and to prevent the cartilage destruction in rheumatoid arthritis. These results will be important supporting evidence for the practical use of the EC-HA at rheumatoid arthritis clinic in the future.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.329-335
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• 2008

This study was intended to research into the possibility of corilagin (CRN) isolated from Euphorbia helioscopia as rheumatoid arthritis drug. For the study, CRN was medicated to the abdominal cavity of collagen induced arthritis (CIA) mice that was a animal model for rheumatoid arthritis and its effects on incidence and arthritis index (AI) were studied. The results were as folllows; Medicating corilagin that were isolated from Euphorbia heliscopia to CIA mice resulted in inhibiting an incidence of arthritis and reducing in arthritis index. It was found that inflammatory cells were remarkably decreased and joint cavity was well secured. Also it was displayed that the formation of pannus was not observed and a cartilage was preserved well by cell histological research. Performing fluorescence flow cytometry of CIA mice resulted in reducing in inflammatory cells infiltrated each tissue.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.114-120
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with trust in health care professionals among patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Methods: Subjects for this study were 247 patients registered in general hospitals and the period of data collection was from February 25 to May 20, 2014. The data were analyzed with t-test and ANOVA. Results: The mean of trust in health care professionals was 3.11 in patients. There were significant differences in trust in health care professionals by age, marriage, and executing exercise of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Conclusion: Trust in health care professionals among patients with rheumatoid arthritis was important to manage rheumatoid arthritis. To promote trust in health care professionals among patients with rheumatoid arthritis, subjects' age, marriage state and executing exercise in their daily living should be considered.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.197-200
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• 2014

Reports of osteomyelitis in the proximal humerus with pyogenic glenohumeral arthritis of adjacent joints mostly involve pediatric patients. Nowadays, osteomyelitis that is secondary to adjacent pyogenic glenohumeral arthritis is extremely rare, even more so in adults than in pediatrics. We report a rare case of the pyogenic glenohumeral arthritis followed by osteomyelitis of the proximal humerus in an elderly patient. Initially, we diagnosed a case of pyogenic glenohumeral arthritis only, which, despite arthroscopic synovectomy, did not resolve and severe pain continued. Subsequent radiological imaging, performed after our suspicion of a secondary involvement, allowed us to diagnose osteomyelitis combined with the pyogenic glenohumeral arthritis, which we had overlooked because of the extreme rarity of the condition in adults since the antibiotic era began.