• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.78-83
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• 1999

목적: 기능적 자기공명영상을 이용하여 읽기 과제에서 활성화되는 뇌영역을 알아보고, 읽기 과제의 종류에 따른 활성화 영여의 차이를 규명하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 오른손잡이 자원자 9명(남자 7명, 여자 2명)을 대상으로 한글의 자음, 가짜단어, 단어를 속으로 읽도록 하면서 기능적 영상을 얻었다. 1.5T 초전도 자기공명여앙장치에서 EPI의 BOLD 기법을 이용하여 20 절편의 활성화 영상을 얻었고(gradient echo single shot EI, TR/TE 3000/60, flip angle $90^{\circ}$, matrix $64{\times}64$, 5mm thickness, no slice gap), 영상후처리는 SPM 분석 프로그램을 이용하였다. 2번가의 활성기와 3번의 휴식기를 번갈아 시행하였고 스캔 시간은 각각30초였다. 유의수준 p<0.01을 기준으로 자극 과제에 따라 활성화된 뇌지도를 얻어 활성화 영역을 육안으로 비교 분석하여다. 결과: 9명 모두에서 성공적으로 활성화 영상을 얻었고, 활성화 신호는 모든 자극과제에서 후두엽의 화성화를 제외하고 좌측으로 편재되는 경향을 보였으며, 전두엽, 측두엽, 두정엽, 후두엽의 여러 부위에서 활성화 신호가 나타났다. 가짜단어와 자음을 읽은 경우가 단어를 읽은 경우에 비하여 언어영역의 활성화가 많았다. 가짜단어를 읽은 경우가 자으을 읽은 경우에 비해 활성화 신호가 좌측으로 편재화 되는 경향을 나타냈다. 결론: 자음이나 단어형태를 읽는 것 만으로도 언어와 관련된 여러 뇌영역에 활성화가 유도됨을 확인하였으며, 자음이나 가짜단어를 읽는 것이 익숙한 단어를 읽는 것에 비해 활성화 신호가 많았다.

• 인지과학
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.165-184
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• 2012

주의를 기울이지 않은 배경자극의 정서가가 표적자극의 지각처리에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 정서적 그림자극(IAPS) 위에 6개 글자들을 함께 제시하고서 실험참가자들에게 특정 글자를 탐지하도록 요구하였다. 글자탐지의 난이도를 달리하여 지각부담을 조작하였는데, 정확율과 반응시간 모두에서 저부담조건이 고부담조건보다 빠르고 정확하였다. ERP 분석 결과, 정서자극 없이 글자탐지만 수행한 통제조건의 경우 후측 시각영역에서 P1과 N1 성분에서 지각부담효과가 관찰되었다. 실험조건에서는 정서가와 지각부담의 상호작용이 후측 시각영역의 N1에서 관찰되었는데, 특히 중립정서보다 부정정서에서 고부담조건과 저부담조건간 진폭 차이가 더 크게 나타났다. 배경자극이 부정적인 경우 중립적인 경우보다 주의용량을 더 소모함으로써 지각부담효과가 더 컸던 것으로 판단되는데, 이는 주의집중 받지 않은 정서자극이 자동적으로 처리되어 표적자극의 초기 지각처리에 영향을 미친다는 것을 시사한다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2001

This paper presents a landscape design for the citizen plaza around the ˝Woojeongchongkuk˝(the 1st Korean postal building) where the ˝Gapsinjeongbyeon˝(1844 coup d´etat) occurred and which was once used as the ˝Jeoneoigam˝(a palace hospital). The site is located in 39 Kyeonji-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul, and of which area is about 2,013$m^2$. The landscape design goals are to build traditional spaces which fit the traditional buildings and where people feel the old atmosphere; to build interesting spaces where people can learn the post and telegraphic history; and to build nature-friendly green rest spaces in the city. To achieve these goals, symbolic, traditional, educational, historical, and environmentally-friendly concepts are developed. With this concept the space is divided into two axis of the pst and telegraph of Korea. Along the two axis the Postage Stamp ˝Madang˝(yard), the Letter Garden, the Telegraphic ˝Ddeul˝(garden), the Communication Plaza, and the ˝Jeoneoigam˝(old palace hospital) and the ˝Gapsinjeongbyeon˝(1884 coup d´etat) Memorial Place are arranged. The Postal Stamp Madang which symbolizes the first Korean postage stamp is a space for studying history and evolution of stamps in Korea. The Letter Garden which symbolizes and formalizes a letter paper is composed with white bamboo trees which are planted linearly and long granite benches on which famous letters are carved. In the Telegraphic Ddeul which symbolizes the telegraph, the history of the telegraphic instrument and the telephone is exhibited. In the Communication Plaze which symbolizes future post and telegraph service extending to the world, the images of satellite communication, internet, webmail etc. are exhibited. The Jeoneoigan, and the Gapsinjeongbyeon Memorial Place is for memorializing the historic place and events. Throughout the whole place, various models and ceramic picture tiles about the post and telegraph and exhibited for effective education. In conclusion, sustainable management schemes for the site are suggested.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.29-49
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• 2021

본 논문은 훈민정음의 창제 원리를 글자판의 설계에 적용한 훈민정음 글자판을 제안한다. 제안하는 글자판은 훈민정음의 자모 28글자를 자음 간에, 모음 간에, 그리고 자음과 모음 간에 서로 상관성을 가지도록 배열하였다. 즉, 자음 버튼들은 오음(五音)의 소리별로 같은 소리의 글자들을 그룹으로 묶어 배열하였고 모음 버튼들은 자음에 붙여 쓰는 위치에 따라 자음 영역의 아래쪽과 오른쪽에 배열한 것이다. 그동안 한글 글자판들은 주로 4행 3열의 12버튼 글자판들이 많이 사용되었는데 이 글자판들은 구조적으로 터치횟수나 이동거리에서 단점을 가진다. 최근에는 쿼티나 단모음 글자판과 같이 많은 자모 버튼을 가진 글자판들도 많이 사용되고 있다. 글자판에서 제공하는 글자 버튼의 개수가 많아지면 터치횟수가 줄어든다. 그리고 글자 버튼들이 서로 상관성을 가지도록 배열되면 이동거리가 작아진다. 실험 결과는 제안하는 글자판이 터치횟수와 이동거리와 입력시간의 모든 평가 요소에서 높은 효율을 나타냄을 보여준다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1997년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집; 한국전력공사 서울연수원; 17-18 Oct. 1997
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• pp.1391-1394
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• 1997

This paper proposes a new image processing algorithm to recognize korean documents. It take out the region of text area form input image, then it makes esgmentation of lines, words and characters in the text. A precision segmentation is very important to recognize the input document. The input image has 8-bit gray scaled resolution. Not only the histogram but also brightness dispersion graph are used for segmentation. The result shows a higher accuracy of document recognition.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.313-316
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• 2014

Energy consumption is an important issue in body area networks (BANs). In this letter, we propose an energy efficient transmission power control scheme for IEEE 802.15.6 BANs, which can improve energy efficiency by adaptively adjusting the transmit power in an on-demand way to adapt to varying channel environments. Simulations are performed to evaluate the performance, and it is shown that the proposed power control scheme outperforms traditional ones in terms of energy efficiency without significant reliability degradation.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.284-287
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• 2012

Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) is one of the few alternative computing platforms that has the potential to be a promising technology because of higher speed, smaller size, and lower power consumption in comparison with CMOS technology. This letter proposes an optimized full comparator for implementation in QCA. The proposed design is compared with previous works in terms of complexity, area, and delay. In comparison with the best previous full comparator, our design has 64% and 85% improvement in cell count and area, respectively. Also, it is implemented with only one clock cycle. The obtained results show that our full comparator is more efficient in terms of cell count, complexity, area, and delay compared to the previous designs. Therefore, this structure can be simply used in designing QCA-based circuits.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제25권
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• pp.75-98
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• 2005

With the advent of new customs and practice of electronic records, the eUCP provides some useful guidance to accommodate the presentation of the paper documents electronically and also provides necessary rules to allow the UCP and eUCP to work together. There is no denying the fact that many of the UCP articles are not impacted by the presentation of electronic equivalent of paper documents, so the integrated application of the UCP and eUCP will be broad enough to allow for developing practice in this area. This study discusses some theoretical implication for efficient utilization of the global usages of letter of credit through the finding of optimal solution in the state of uncertainty caused by the electronic presentation of documents. This study suggest that the decision rules be developed to show how individuals choose optimal portfolio between the eUCP and the UCP that maximize their expected utility in letter of credit transaction, and also suggest that the optimal portfolio be determined at the point of tangency between the efficient trading line and the highest indifference curve in the mean-variance plane. This study finally recommends three rebuttable doctrines with regard to the relationship between the eUCP and UCP such as linkage characteristics, generation lap propensity, and homothetic application rule, which may be the critical standards for understanding of the integrated usages of the eUCP and UCP.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제18권
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• pp.65-104
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• 2002

With the current evolution from paper to electronic records the documentary credit market has been looking to ICC to provide guidance in this transition. To allow bankers and traders to familiarize themselves with this trend, eUCP has come into force from April 1st 2002. The eUCP provides definitions to allow current UCP terminology to accommodate the presentation of the equivalent of paper documents electronically and to provide necessary rules to allow the UCP and eUCP to work together. It is important to understand that many of the Articles of the UCP are not impacted by the presentation of electronic equivalent of paper documents and do not require any changes to accommodate electronic presentation. When read together the UCP and the eUCP will be broad enough to allow for developing practice in this area. The eUCP is not a revision of the UCP. The UCP will continue to provide the industry with rules for paper letters of credit in conjunction with the eUCP. This study comments that some characteristics of the eUCP have unique properties, such as juncture, envelope, homotheticity functions, and some applicable interpretations including abstraction of letter of credit, notice of completeness, notice of discrepancies and corruption of electronic records.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.871-873
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• 2008

In this letter, we investigate the spectral efficiency of IEEE 802.22 wireless regional area network (WRAN) spectrum overlay when it is used in TV white space. Since 2004, when the FCC published the notice of proposed rule making 04-186 to make use of unused TV spectrum, the IEEE 802.22 working group has been standardizing specifications for WRAN operations. There have been a few papers investigating the spectral efficiency of this, but their analyses were limited to the cases for various guard distances between WRAN base stations. Since WRAN base station (BS) power for WRAN service may differ from country to country, it is important to analyze the spectral efficiency for various WRAN BS powers. In this letter, we analyze the spectral efficiency of WRAN spectrum overlay as a function of the power of WRAN BSs. The simulation results show that spectral efficiency decreases as the power of WRAN BSs and guard distances increase.