• Title/Summary/Keyword: arc index

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Analytical behavior of built-up square concrete-filled steel tubular columns under combined preload and axial compression

  • Wang, Jian-Tao;Wang, Fa-Cheng
    • Steel and Composite Structures
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    • v.38 no.6
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    • pp.617-635
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    • 2021
  • This paper numerically investigated the behavior of built-up square concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) columns under combined preload and axial compression. The finite element (FE) models of target columns were verified in terms of failure mode, axial load-deformation curve and ultimate strength. A full-range analysis on the axial load-deformation response as well as the interaction behavior was conducted to reveal the composite mechanism. The parametric study was performed to investigate the influences of material strengths and geometric sizes. Subsequently, influence of construction preload on the full-range behavior and confinement effect was investigated. Numerical results indicate that the axial load-deformation curve can be divided into four working stages where the contact pressure of curling rib arc gradually disappears as the steel tube buckles; increasing width-to-thickness (B/t) ratio can enhance the strength enhancement index (e.g., an increment of 1.88% from B/t=40 to B/t=100), though ultimate strength and ductility are decreased; stiffener length and lip inclination angle display a slight influence on strength enhancement index and ductility; construction preload can degrade the plastic deformation capacity and postpone the origin appearance of contact pressure, thus making a decrease of 14.81%~27.23% in ductility. Finally, a revised equation for determining strain εscy corresponding to ultimate strength was proposed to evaluate the plastic deformation capacity of built-up square CFST columns.

Dosimetric Comparison of Intensity Modulated Radiation, Proton Beam Therapy and Proton Arc Therapy for Para-aortic Lymph Node Tumor (대동맥림프절 종양에 대한 세기조절방사선치료, 양성자치료, 양성자회전치료의 선량 비교평가)

  • Kim, JungHoon
    • Journal of radiological science and technology
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    • v.37 no.4
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    • pp.331-339
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    • 2014
  • To test feasibility of proton arc therapy (PAT) in the treatment of para-aortic lymph node tumor and compare its dosimetric properties with advanced radiotherapy techniques such as intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and conventional 3D conformal proton beam therapy (PBT). The treatment plans for para-aortic lymph node tumor were planned for 9 patients treated at our institution using IMRT, PBT, and PAT. Feasibility test and dosimetric evaluation were based on comparisons of dose volume histograms (DVHs) which reveal mean dose, $D_{30%}$, $D_{60%}$, $D_{90%}$, $V_{30%}$, $V_{60%}$, $V_{90%}$, organ equivalent doses (OEDs), normal tissue complication probability (NTCP), homogeneity index (HI) and conformity index (CI). The average doses delivered by PAT to the liver, kidney, small bowel, duodenum, stomach were 7.6%, 3%, 17.3%, 26.7%, and 14.4%, of the prescription dose (PD), respectively, which is higher than the doses delivered by IMRT (0.4%, 7.2%, 14.2%, 15.9%, and 12.8%, respectively) and PBT (4.9%, 0.5%, 14.12%, 16.1% 9.9%, respectively). The average homogeneity index and conformity index of tumor using PAT were 12.1 and 1.21, respectively which were much better than IMRT (21.5 and 1.47, respectively) and comparable to PBT (13.1 and 1.23, respectively). The result shows that both NTCP and OED of PAT are generally lower than IMRT and PBT. This study demonstrates that PAT is better in target conformity and homogeneity than IMRT and PBT but worse than IMRT and PBT for most of dosimetric factor which indicate that PAT is not recommended for the treatment of para-aortic lymph node tumor.

Comparison of IMRT and VMAT Techniques in Spine Stereotactic Radiosurgery with International Spine Radiosurgery Consortium Consensus Guidelines (International Spine Radiosurgery Consortium Consensus Guidelines에 따른 Spine Stereotactic Radiosurgery에서 IMRT와 VMAT의 비교연구)

  • Oh, Se An;Kang, Min Kyu;Kim, Sung Kyu;Yea, Ji Woon
    • Progress in Medical Physics
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    • v.24 no.3
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    • pp.145-153
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    • 2013
  • Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is increasingly used to treat spinal metastases. To achieve the highest steep dose gradients and conformal dose distributions of target tumors, intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) techniques are essential to spine radiosurgery. The purpose of the study was to qualitatively compare IMRT and VMAT techniques with International Spine Radiosurgery Consortium (ISRC) contoured consensus guidelines for target volume definition. Planning target volume (PTV) was categorized as TB, $T_{BPT}$ and $T_{ST}$ depending on sectors involved; $T_B$ (vertebral body only), $T_{BPT}$ (vertebral body+pedicle+transverse process), and $T_{ST}$ (spinous process+transverse process). Three patients treated for spinal tumor in the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar region were selected. Eacg tumor was contoured by the definition from the ISRC guideline. Maximum spinal cord dose were 12.46 Gy, 12.17 Gy and 11.36 Gy for $T_B$, $T_{BPT}$ and $T_{ST}$ sites, and 11.81 Gy, 12.19 Gy and 11.99 Gy for the IMRT, RA1 and RA2 techniques, respectively. Average fall-off dose distance from 90% to 50% isodose line for $T_B$, $T_{BPT}$, and $T_{ST}$ sites were 3.5 mm, 3.3 mm and 3.9 mm and 3.7 mm, 3.7 mm and 3.3 mm for the IMRT, RA1 and RA2 techniques, respectively. For the most complicated target $T_{BPT}$ sites in the cervical, thoracic and lumbar regions, the conformity index of the IMRT, RA1 and RA2 is 0.621, 0.761 and 0.817 and 0.755, 0.796 and 0.824 for rDHI. Both IMRT and VMAT techniques delivered high conformal dose distributions in spine stereotactic radiosurgery. However, if the target volume includes the vertebral body, pedicle, and transverse process, IMRT planning resulted in insufficient conformity index, compared to VMAT planning. Nevertheless, IMRT technique was more effective in reducing the maximum spinal cord dose compared to RA1 and RA2 techniques at most sites.

Comparison and Evaluation of radiotherapy plans by multi leaf collimator types of Linear accelerator (선형가속기의 다엽콜리메이터 형태에 따른 치료계획 비교 평가)

  • Lim, Ji Hye;Chang, Nam Joon;Seok, Jin Yong;Jung, Yun Ju;Won, Hui Su;Jung, Hae Youn;Choi, Byeong Don
    • The Journal of Korean Society for Radiation Therapy
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    • v.30 no.1_2
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    • pp.129-138
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    • 2018
  • Purpose : An aim of this study was to compare the effect of multi leaf collimator(MLC) types for high dimension radiotherapy in treatment sites used clinically. Material and Method : 70 patients with lung cancer, spine cancer, prostate cancer, whole pelvis, head and neck, breast cancer were included in this study. High definition(HD) MLC of TrueBeam STx (Varian Medical system, Palo Alto, CA) and millenium(M) MLC of VitalBeam (Varian Medical system, Palo Alto, CA) were used. Radiotherapy plans were performed for each patient under same treatment goals with Eclipse (Version 13.7, Varian Palo Alto USA, CA). To compare the indicators of the radiotherapy plans, planning target volume(PTV) coverage, conformity index(CI), homogeneity index(HI), and clinical indicators for each treatment sites in normal tissues were evaluated. To evaluate low dose distribution, $V_{30%}$ values were compared according to MLC types. Additionally, length and volume of targets for each treatment sites were investigated. Result : In stereotatictic body radiotherapy(SBRT) plan for lung, the average value of PTV coverage was reduced by 0.52 % with HD MLC. With SBRT plan using HD MLC for spine, the average value of PTV coverage decreased by 0.63 % and maximum dose decreased by 1.13 %. In the test of CI and HI, the values in SBRT plan with HD MLC for spine were 1.144, 1.079 and the values using M MLC were 1.160, 1.092 in SBRT plan for lung, The dose evaluation of critical organ was reduced by 1.48 % in the ipsilateral lung mean dose with HD MLC. In prostate cancer volumetric modulated arc therapy(VMAT) with HD MLC, the mean dose and the $V_{30}$ of bladder and the mean dose and the $V_{25}$ of rectum were reduced by 0.53 %, 1.42 %, 0.97 %, and 0.69 %, respectively (p<0.05). The average value of heart mean dose was reduced by 0.83 % in breast cancer VMAT with M MLC. Other assessment indices for treatment sites showed no significant difference between treatment plans with two types of MLC. Conclusion : Using HD MLC had a positive impact on the PTV coverage and normal tissue sparing in usually short or small targets such as lung and spine SBRT and prostate VMAT. But, there was no significant difference in targets with long and large such as lung, head and neck, and whole pelvis for VMAT.

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The Study on the Effect of Target Volume in DQA based on MLC log file (MLC 로그 파일 기반 DQA에서 타깃 용적에 따른 영향 연구)

  • Shin, Dong Jin;Jung, Dong Min;Cho, Kang Chul;Kim, Ji Hoon;Yoon, Jong Won;Cho, Jeong Hee
    • The Journal of Korean Society for Radiation Therapy
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    • v.32
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    • pp.53-59
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    • 2020
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the difference between the MLC log file-based software (Mobius) and the conventional phantom-ionization chamber (ArcCheck) dose verification method according to the change of target volume. Material and method: Radius 0.25cm, 0.5cm, 1cm, 2cm, 3cm, 4cm, 5cm, 6cm, 7cm, 8cm, 9cm, 10cm with a Sphere-shaped target Twelve plans were created and dose verification using Mobius and ArcCheck was conducted three times each. The irradiated data were compared and analyzed using the point dose error value and the gamma passing rate (3%/3mm) as evaluation indicators. Result: Mobius point dose error values were -9.87% at a radius of 0.25cm and -4.39% at 0.5cm, and the error value was within 3% at the remaining target volume. The gamma passing rate was 95% at a radius of 9cm and 93.9% at 10cm, and a passing rate of more than 95% was shown in the remaining target volume. In ArcCheck, the average error value of the point dose was about 2% in all target volumes. The gamma passing rate also showed a pass rate of 98% or more in all target volumes. Conclusion: For small targets with a radius of 0.5cm or less or a large target with a radius of 9cm or more, considering the uncertainty of DQA based on MLC log files, phantom-ionized DQA is used in complementary ways to include point dose, gamma index, DVH, and target coverage. It is believed that it is desirable to verify the dose delivery through a comprehensive analysis.

The Effect of MLC Leaf Motion Constraints on Plan Quality and Delivery Accuracy in VMAT (체적조절호형방사선치료 시 갠트리 회전과 다엽콜리메이터의 이동 속도에 따른 선량분포 평가)

  • Kim, Yon-Lae;Chung, Jin-Beom;Lee, Jeong-woo;Shin, Young-Joo;Kang, Dong-Jin;Jung, Jae-Yong
    • Journal of radiological science and technology
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    • v.42 no.3
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    • pp.217-222
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    • 2019
  • The purpose of this study is to evaluate the dose distribution by gantry rotation and MLC moving speed on treatment planning system(TPS) and linear accelerator. The dose analyzer phantom(Delta 4) was scanned by CT simulator for treatment planning. The planning target volumes(PTVs) of prostate and pancreas was prescribed 6,500 cGy, 5,000 cGy on VMAT(Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy) by TPS while MLC speed changed. The analyzer phantom was irradiated linear accelerator using by planned parameters. Dose distribution of PTVs were evaluated by the homogeneity index, conformity index, dose volume histogram of organ at risk(rectum, bladder, spinal cord, kidney). And irradiated dose analysis were evaluated dose distribution and conformity by gamma index. The PTV dose of pancreas was 4,993 cGy during 0.1 cm/deg leaf and gantry that was the most closest prescribed dose(5,000 cGy). The dose of spinal cord, left kidney, and right kidney were accessed the lowest during 0.1 cm/deg, 1.5 cm/deg, 0.3 cm/deg. The PTV dose of prostate was 6,466 cGy during 0.1 cm/deg leaf and gantry that was the most closest prescribed dose(6,500 cGy). The dose of bladder and rectum were accessed the lowest during 0.3 cm/deg, 2.0 cm/deg. For gamma index, pancreas and prostate were analyzed the lowest error 100% at 0.8, 1.0 cm/deg and 99.6% at 0.3, 0.5 cm/deg. We should used the optimal leaf speed according to the gantry rotation if the treatment cases are performed VMAT.

Assessment of the Effectr of Closing Trails in Puk'ansan National Park Based on Satellite Image Analysis (인공위성 영상자료를 이용한 북한산국립공원 휴식년제도의 효과 분석)

  • 이혜선;이인성;윤은주
    • Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.153-159
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    • 1999
  • 이 논문은 북한산국립공원에서 1994년부터 실시하고 있는 자연휴식년제도의 효과를 검증하고 추후 휴식년의 적용이 필요한 구간을 파악하기 위하여 인공위성 영상자료를 이용하여 휴식년 적용구간과 그 주변 등산로의 식생활력의 변화를 분석하였다. 이용된 자료는 1988년, 1992년, 1994년, 1996년 9월의 Landsat TM 영상으로, ER Mapper 및 Arc/Info GIS를 이용하여 분석하였고, 식생활력의 측정은 중합차식생지수(NDVI)에 기반한 평균비율(MR)을 이용하였다. 분석결과 휴식년 적용구간의 경우 88년 이후 감소양상을 보이던 식생활력이 휴식년제도가 실시된 94년 이후 뚜렷하게 증가하여 휴식년제도의 실시가 식생활력을 증가시키는 효과가 있었음을 보여주었다. 기타 등산로의 경우는 92년 이후 식생활력이 정체 또는 감소추세를 나타내었으며, 그 중 일부 구간은 식생활력의 저하가 특히 두드러지게 나타나 추후 휴식년제도의 적용이 필요한 구간으로 판단되었다.

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Nonpoint Pollution Potential Assessment in Soyang-dam Watershed (소양강댐 유역의 비점원 오염 포텐셜 평가)

  • Choi K. J.;Choi J. D.;Lim K. J.;Engel B. A.
    • KCID journal
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.27-34
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    • 2001
  • 소양강댐 유역의 비점원 오염 포텐셜을 평가하기 위하여 LTHIA/NPS, RUSLE그리고 ArcView GIS 모델을 사용하였다. NPS 오염 포텐셜(VI)계산은 강우유출(RI), 토양유실(EI), 농약사용량(CI), 가축분뇨(LI)와 상업용 비료(FI) 사용량을 대표하는 지수(Index)를 사용하였다. 유역의 유출심은 4.9에서 34.3cm였으며, 토양유실량은 0.25에서 802 ton/ha/year 범위로 평균은 6.46ton/ha/year이었다.

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The Assessment of Water Pollution Accident on Dam Watershed using GIS (GIS에 의한 댐 유역 수질오염사고 평가)

  • Myeong, Gwang Hyeun;Jeong, Jong Chul
    • Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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    • v.20 no.4
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    • pp.489-496
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    • 2011
  • The water pollution such as oil spill from stream and river because of car accidents have been frequent cases in the watershed of Dam. However we don't have any simulation methods about flow modeling on the watershed and stream tree. In this study aims to analyze water pollution accidents area on impact range for ANDONG-Dam. The focused watershed and the risk range of path analysis model was designed by GIS database. The frequency of transportation accidents which may occur from road accidents in the level of quantitative and qualitative analysis to map flow analysis using ArcHydro Model and Open Geospatial Consortium(OGC) API. and the path way from the accident point to the reservoir stayed on the path was simulated. The area of risk accessment index was displayed with cell and grid of dam area.

Evaluation and Performance Test of Ball and Socet type Suspension Insulator for 300 kN Ultra High Voltage (300kN 초고압용 초고압용 볼소켓형 현수애자의 성능평가)

  • Kim, S.S.;Kim, K.U.;Her, J.C.;Cho, H.G.;Park, T.G.;Seo, H.K.
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 2000.07c
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    • pp.2026-2028
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    • 2000
  • As the results of evaluation of its performance for 300 kN Ball and Socket type suspension insulators. There was electrically internal puncture of the solid insulating body of the insulating due to the steep front impulse voltage, which usually occurs puncture before external flash-over of insulators, moreover we have obtained satisfactory results in power arc test of 7.2kA cycle fatigue test with high qualify control index of 4.6, especially we have obtained more satisfactory results than that before improvement of its materials.

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